如何反序列化作为 System.Text.Json 中的字符串的嵌套 JSON 对象?
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【中文标题】如何反序列化作为 System.Text.Json 中的字符串的嵌套 JSON 对象?【英文标题】:How do I deserialize a nested JSON object which is a string in System.Text.Json? 【发布时间】:2021-11-29 00:30:19 【问题描述】:我在 ASP.NET 5 MVC 应用程序中反序列化 JSON,使用:
var tulemus = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<EstoJarelMaksTulemnus>(apiResponse, new JsonSerializerOptions PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true );
public class EstoJarelMaksTulemnus
public string[] Errors get; set;
public EstoData Data get; set;
public string Mac get; set;
public class EstoData
public string Id get; set;
public string Status get; set;
public string Purchase_url get; set;
public string Merchant_reference get; set;
public decimal Amount get; set;
public string Currency get; set;
public bool Is_test get; set;
public string Return_url get; set;
public string Notification_url get; set;
这会引发错误:
System.Text.Json.JsonException:无法转换 JSON 值 到 Store.Controllers.CheckoutController+EstoData。路径:$.data | 行号:0 | BytePositionInLine: 497. 在 System.Text.Json.ThrowHelper.ThrowJsonException_DeserializeUnableToConvertValue(类型 属性类型)...
apiResponse
是一个单行字符串,包含一个嵌入的EstoData
:
"errors":[],"data":"\"id\":\"iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913\",\"status\":\"CREATED\",\"purchase_url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/user.esto.com\\\/application\\\/iUW3YiDIeO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913\",\"merchant_reference\":\"15502\",\"amount\":93.95,\"currency\":\"EUR\",\"is_test\":true,\"return_url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/localhost:54274\\\/CheckoutController\\\/EstoJarelmaksOK?tellimus=104742\",\"notification_url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/localhost:54274\\\/CheckoutController\\\/EstoJarelmaksTeade?tellimus=104742\"","mac":"E9C3E61FC347D8043ABDCF464D537C37A609EC878F95B5F526271A2287F2D2E507B5A14FA3AF5F7A6D4CDECB6E8A1DBDF9A5633E0B3AD96DA35FA1C9"
位置 497 似乎指向 Data
属性的末尾,位于 mac
之前。
考虑到 EstoData
在我的对象中是具体的嵌套类型,但在 JSON 中是 string
,我如何将此 JSON 反序列化为 EstoJarelMaksTulemnus
?
【问题讨论】:
在过去的一周里,我已经看到了十几个关于此的问题。为什么每个人都在编写或使用返回这种格式的 API? 【参考方案1】:您需要创建一个自定义JsonConverter<T>
,在这种情况下T
是EstoData
,以便能够正确反序列化嵌套的Data
JSON 对象。
这应该可以再次用于反序列化和序列化对象:
StringToEstoDataConverter.cs
public class StringToEstoDataConverter : JsonConverter<EstoData>
public override EstoData? Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
using (var jsonDoc = JsonDocument.ParseValue(ref reader))
var infoData = jsonDoc.RootElement.GetString();
if (infoData != null)
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<EstoData>(infoData, options);
return default;
public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, EstoData value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
JsonSerializer.Serialize(writer, value, value.GetType(), options);
EstoJarelMaksTulemnus.cs
public class EstoJarelMaksTulemnus
public string[] Errors get; set;
[JsonConverter(typeof(StringToEstoDataConverter))]
public EstoData Data get; set;
public string Mac get; set;
用法:
var tulemus = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<EstoJarelMaksTulemnus>(apiResponse, new JsonSerializerOptions PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true );
这是一个工作演示:
public class Program
public static void Main()
var data =
"\"errors\":[],\"data\":\"\\\"id\\\":\\\"iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913\\\",\\\"status\\\":\\\"CREATED\\\",\\\"purchase_url\\\":\\\"https:\\\\\\/\\\\\\/user.esto.ee\\\\\\/application\\\\\\/iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913\\\",\\\"merchant_reference\\\":\\\"158502\\\",\\\"amount\\\":93.95,\\\"currency\\\":\\\"EUR\\\",\\\"is_test\\\":true,\\\"return_url\\\":\\\"http:\\\\\\/\\\\\\/localhost:54274\\\\\\/CheckoutController\\\\\\/EstoJarelmaksOK?tellimus=104742\\\",\\\"notification_url\\\":\\\"http:\\\\\\/\\\\\\/localhost:54274\\\\\\/CheckoutController\\\\\\/EstoJarelmaksTeade?tellimus=104742\\\"\",\"mac\":\"E9C3E61FC347D80200F542C43ABDCF464D537C37A609EC878F95B5F526271A2287F2D2E507B5A14FA3AF5F7A6D4CDECB6E8A1DBDF9A5633E0B3AD96DA35FA1C9\"";
var tulemus = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<EstoJarelMaksTulemnus>(data, new JsonSerializerOptions PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true );
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Errors.Length);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Id);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Status);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Purchase_url);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Merchant_reference);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Amount);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Currency);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Is_test);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Return_url);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Data.Notification_url);
Console.WriteLine(tulemus.Mac);
public class StringToEstoDataConverter : JsonConverter<EstoData>
public override EstoData? Read(ref Utf8JsonReader reader, Type typeToConvert, JsonSerializerOptions options)
using (var jsonDoc = JsonDocument.ParseValue(ref reader))
var infoData = jsonDoc.RootElement.GetString();
if (infoData != null)
return JsonSerializer.Deserialize<EstoData>(infoData, options);
return default;
public override void Write(Utf8JsonWriter writer, EstoData value, JsonSerializerOptions options)
JsonSerializer.Serialize(writer, value, value.GetType(), options);
public class EstoJarelMaksTulemnus
public string[] Errors get; set;
[JsonConverter(typeof(StringToEstoDataConverter))]
public EstoData Data get; set;
public string Mac get; set;
public class EstoData
public string Id get; set;
public string Status get; set;
public string Purchase_url get; set;
public string Merchant_reference get; set;
public decimal Amount get; set;
public string Currency get; set;
public bool Is_test get; set;
public string Return_url get; set;
public string Notification_url get; set;
输出:
0
iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913
CREATED
https://user.esto.ee/application/iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913
158502
93.95
EUR
True
http://localhost:54274/CheckoutController/EstoJarelmaksOK?tellimus=104742
http://localhost:54274/CheckoutController/EstoJarelmaksTeade?tellimus=104742
E9C3E61FC347D80200F542C43ABDCF464D537C37A609EC878F95B5F526271A2287F2D2E507B5A14FA3AF5F7A6D4CDECB6E8A1DBDF9A5633E0B3AD96DA35FA1C9
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:你的原始json中的“data”属性是双重序列化的,所以它应该第二次从json字符串反序列化为对象
所以试试这段代码
var json=...your json;
var jd = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Root>(json, new JsonSerializerOptions PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true );
// the second deserialize data property from json string to instance
var jdd= JsonSerializer.Deserialize<Data>(jd.data);
JsonDeserialized result = new JsonDeserialized errors=jd.errors, data=jdd, mac=jd.mac;
var jsonFixed=JsonSerializer.Serialize(result);
固定的json
"errors": [],
"data":
"id": "iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913",
"status": "CREATED",
"purchase_url": "https://user.esto.ee/application/iUW3YiDIz5Ahg5eO8hV7d3Cv7SVbZ913",
"merchant_reference": "158502",
"amount": 93.95,
"currency": "EUR",
"is_test": true,
"return_url": "http://localhost:54274/CheckoutController/EstoJarelmaksOK?tellimus=104742",
"notification_url": "http://localhost:54274/CheckoutController/EstoJarelmaksTeade?tellimus=104742"
,
"mac": "E9C3E61FC347D80200F542C43ABDCF464D537C37A609EC878F95B5F526271A2287F2D2E507B5A14FA3AF5F7A6D4CDECB6E8A1DBDF9A5633E0B3AD96DA35FA1C9"
测试
JsonDeserialized deserializedFixedJson = Deserialize<JsonDeserialized>(jsonFixed, new JsonSerializerOptions PropertyNameCaseInsensitive = true );
类
public class JsonDeserialized
public List<object> errors get; set;
public Data data get; set;
public string mac get; set;
public class Data
public string id get; set;
public string status get; set;
public string purchase_url get; set;
public string merchant_reference get; set;
public double amount get; set;
public string currency get; set;
public bool is_test get; set;
public string return_url get; set;
public string notification_url get; set;
public class Root
public List<object> errors get; set;
public string data get; set;
public string mac get; set;
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:apiResponse
中的Data
不是对象,它是一个字符串,您可以使用Newtonsoft Json.Net
将字符串转换为模型,如本期所述:Deserializing stringified (quote enclosed) nested objects with Newtonsoft Json.Net
【讨论】:
应用程序当前仅使用 .NET5 JsonSerializer。在同一个应用程序中使用两个序列化器是否合理,或者可以使用 .NET 自己的 Deserializer 解决吗? @Andrus 在两者之间使用临时对象或使用我在下面概述的 JsonConverter 是可行的 - 您可以使用 2 个序列化程序,但在这种情况下,这将是矫枉过正以上是关于如何反序列化作为 System.Text.Json 中的字符串的嵌套 JSON 对象?的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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