使用 cx_freeze 4.3.1 冻结 h5py 2.4 时出错
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【中文标题】使用 cx_freeze 4.3.1 冻结 h5py 2.4 时出错【英文标题】:Error when freezing h5py 2.4 with cx_freeze 4.3.1 【发布时间】:2014-12-10 12:33:35 【问题描述】:我正在尝试使用 cx_Freeze 冻结 Python 脚本。该脚本使用 h5py v2.4.0b1。当我运行 cx_Freeze 创建的可执行文件时,我得到以下 Traceback:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\cx_Freeze\initscripts\Console.py", line 27, in <module>
exec(code, m.__dict__)
File "main.py", line 7, in <module>
from xman import xmanLogging, xmanManager, xmanInfo
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "d:\user\aagbds\Programmierung\Python\EclipseProjects\xMAN\src\xman\__init__.py", line 3, in <
module>
from .xmlHandler import barMAN, xmlClass
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "d:\user\aagbds\Programmierung\Python\EclipseProjects\xMAN\src\xman\xmlHandler\__init__.py", l
ine 7, in <module>
from . import barMAN, xmlClass
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2284, in _handle_fromlist
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "d:\user\aagbds\Programmierung\Python\EclipseProjects\xMAN\src\xman\xmlHandler\xmlClass.py", l
ine 25, in <module>
from xman.COMInterface import COMmanager
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "d:\user\aagbds\Programmierung\Python\EclipseProjects\xMAN\src\xman\COMInterface\__init__.py",
line 7, in <module>
from . import COMmanager
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2284, in _handle_fromlist
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "d:\user\aagbds\Programmierung\Python\EclipseProjects\xMAN\src\xman\COMInterface\COMmanager.py
", line 20, in <module>
import logging, win32com.client , pythoncom, pywintypes, h5py, \
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
File "X:\Python34-x32\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\h5py\__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
from h5py import _errors
ImportError: cannot import name '_errors'
我正在使用 Python 3.4.2 - 32 位。有人有想法吗?
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我花了两天时间试图弄清楚这一点。
我使用的是 64 位的 python 2.7,但我在 windows、ubuntu 14 和 mac os 10.9 和 10.10 中遇到了完全相同的错误。我也在使用 h5py 2.4.0 和 cx_Freeze 4.3.4。
我的解决方案如下:
https://bitbucket.org/anthony_tuininga/cx_freeze/pull-request/64/only-add-h5pyapi_gen-if-it-can-be-imported/diff
我不得不将 cx_Freeze for load_h5py 中的 hooks.py 更改为:
def load_h5py(finder, module):
"""h5py module has a number of implicit imports"""
finder.IncludeModule('h5py.defs')
finder.IncludeModule('h5py.utils')
finder.IncludeModule('h5py._proxy')
try:
finder.IncludeModule('h5py._errors')
finder.IncludeModule('h5py.h5ac')
except:
pass
try:
finder.IncludeModule('h5py.api_gen')
except:
pass
另外,好像h5py.*.so的一些引用依赖跟
@loader_path/.dylibs/libhdf5.8.dylib
这不是由 cx_freeze 重写的。
我不得不修改 cx_freeze 中的代码(实际上,我将代码复制到我的 setup.py 中,并在主 setup(....) 调用后立即调用它以对构建中的所有文件进行后期处理)
# this is a straight copy paste from macdist.py in the cx_Freeze code
def setRelativeReferencePaths(binDir):
""" For all files in Contents/MacOS, check if they are binaries
with references to other files in that dir. If so, make those
references relative. The appropriate commands are applied to all
files; they will just fail for files on which they do not apply."""
files = []
for root, dirs, dir_files in os.walk(binDir):
files.extend([os.path.join(root, f).replace(binDir + "/", "")
for f in dir_files])
for fileName in files:
# install_name_tool can't handle zip files or directories
filePath = os.path.join(binDir, fileName)
if fileName.endswith('.zip'):
continue
# ensure write permissions
mode = os.stat(filePath).st_mode
if not (mode & stat.S_IWUSR):
os.chmod(filePath, mode | stat.S_IWUSR)
# let the file itself know its place
subprocess.call(('install_name_tool', '-id',
'@executable_path/' + fileName, filePath))
# find the references: call otool -L on the file
otool = subprocess.Popen(('otool', '-L', filePath),
stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
references = otool.stdout.readlines()[1:]
for reference in references:
# find the actual referenced file name
referencedFile = reference.decode().strip().split()[0]
if referencedFile.startswith('@loader_path/.dylibs/'):
# this file is likely an hdf5 file
print "Found hdf5 file referencing ".format(filePath, referencedFile)
elif referencedFile.startswith('@'):
# the referencedFile is already a relative path
continue
path, name = os.path.split(referencedFile)
# some referenced files have not previously been copied to the
# executable directory - the assumption is that you don't need
# to copy anything fro /usr or /System, just from folders like
# /opt this fix should probably be elsewhere though
# if (name not in files and not path.startswith('/usr') and not
# path.startswith('/System')):
# print(referencedFile)
# self.copy_file(referencedFile,
# os.path.join(self.binDir, name))
# files.append(name)
# see if we provide the referenced file;
# if so, change the reference
if name in files:
newReference = '@executable_path/' + name
subprocess.call(('install_name_tool', '-change',
referencedFile, newReference, filePath))
【讨论】:
非常感谢!!对我来说,更改 hook.py 足以冻结 Tensorflow 应用程序。以上是关于使用 cx_freeze 4.3.1 冻结 h5py 2.4 时出错的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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