SQL从每个父行的子行返回最大值

Posted 2023-03-23

【中文标题】SQL从每个父行的子行返回最大值

【英文标题】：SQL return max value from child for each parent row

【发布时间】：2011-09-29 13:25:19

【问题描述】：

我有 2 个表 - 1 个带有父记录，1 个带有子记录。对于每个父记录，我试图返回一个带有 MAX(SalesPriceEach) 的子记录。

另外，我只想在有超过 1 个子记录时返回一个值。

parent - SalesTransactions table:
+-------------------+---------+
|SalesTransaction_ID|   text  |
+-------------------+---------+
| 1                 |  Blah   |
| 2                 |  Blah2  |
| 3                 |  Blah3  |
+-------------------+---------+

child - SalesTransactionLines table 
+--+-------------------+---------+--------------+
|id|SalesTransaction_ID|StockCode|SalesPriceEach|
+--+-------------------+---------+--------------+
| 1|   1               |  123    | 99           |
| 2|   1               |   35    | 50           |
| 3|   2               |   15    | 75           |
+--+-------------------+---------+--------------+


 desired results
+-------------------+---------+--------------+
|SalesTransaction_ID|StockCode|SalesPriceEach|
+-------------------+---------+--------------+
|   1               |  123    | 99           |
|   2               |   15    | 75           |
+-------------------+---------+--------------+

我发现了一个非常相似的问题here，并根据答案进行了查询，但没有看到我期望的结果。

WITH max_feature AS (
   SELECT c.StockCode,
          c.SalesTransaction_ID,
          MAX(c.SalesPriceEach)  as feature
     FROM SalesTransactionLines c
 GROUP BY c.StockCode, c.SalesTransaction_ID)
   SELECT p.SalesTransaction_ID,
          mf.StockCode,
          mf.feature
     FROM SalesTransactions p
LEFT JOIN max_feature mf ON mf.SalesTransaction_ID = p.SalesTransaction_ID

此查询的结果为每个父级返回多行，甚至不是首先返回最高值！

【参考方案1】：

select stl.SalesTransaction_ID, stl.StockCode, ss.MaxSalesPriceEach
from SalesTransactionLines stl
inner join 
(
    select stl2.SalesTransaction_ID, max(stl2.SalesPriceEach) MaxSalesPriceEach
    from SalesTransactionLines stl2 
    group by stl2.SalesTransaction_ID
    having count(*) > 1
) ss on (ss.SalesTransaction_ID = stl.SalesTransaction_ID and 
         ss.MaxSalesPriceEach = stl.SalesPriceEach)

或者，或者：

SELECT stl1.*
FROM SalesTransactionLines AS stl1
LEFT OUTER JOIN SalesTransactionLines AS stl2
ON (stl1.SalesTransaction_ID = stl2.SalesTransaction_ID 
    AND stl1.SalesPriceEach < stl2.SalesPriceEach)
WHERE stl2.SalesPriceEach IS NULL;

【参考方案2】：

我知道我迟到了一年，但我总是更喜欢在这些情况下使用 Row_Number。它解决了当有两行满足您的 Max 条件时的问题，并确保只返回一行：

with z as (
select 
    st.SalesTransaction_ID
    ,row=ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY st.SalesTransaction_ID ORDER BY stl.SalesPriceEach DESC)
    ,stl.StockCode
    ,stl.SalesPriceEach
from 
    SalesTransactions st
    inner join SalesTransactionLines stl on stl.SalesTransaction_ID = st.SalesTransaction_ID
)
select * from z where row = 1   

【讨论】：

这是解决问题的一种非常直接的方法

【参考方案3】：

SELECT SalesTransactions.SalesTransaction_ID, 
       SalesTransactionLines.StockCode, 
       MAX(SalesTransactionLines.SalesPriceEach) 
FROM  SalesTransactions RIGHT JOIN SalesTransactionLines 
      ON SalesTransactions.SalesTransaction_ID = SalesTransactionLines.SalesTransaction_ID 
GROUP BY SalesTransactions.SalesTransaction_ID, alesTransactionLines.StockCode;

【参考方案4】：

select a.SalesTransaction_ID, a.StockCode, a.SalesPriceEach
from SalesTransacions as a 
  inner join (select SalesTransaction_ID, MAX(SalesPriceEach) as SalesPriceEach  
              from SalesTransactionLines group by SalesTransaction_ID) as b
    on a.SalesTransaction_ID = b.SalesTransaction_ID 
       and a.SalesPriceEach = b.SalesPriceEach

子查询返回带有 trans id 及其最大值的表，因此只需通过这 2 个值将其与事务表本身连接起来