django rest 框架 POST 请求因嵌套序列化而失败

Posted 2023-03-22

【中文标题】django rest 框架 POST 请求因嵌套序列化而失败

【英文标题】：django rest framework POST request fails with nested serialization

【发布时间】：2016-05-31 04:56:44

【问题描述】：

我对 url http://127.0.0.1:8000/airlines/ 的 POST 请求失败

这是我项目中的模型和相应的序列化程序。最初我想创建航空公司信息，然后再添加航班

谁能告诉我哪里出错了

models.py

class AirlineFirm(models.Model):
    operator_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)

    def __unicode__(self):
       return "%s" % (self.operator_name)

class Flight(models.Model):

    flight_num = models.CharField(max_length=7, primary_key=True)
    src = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    dest = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    outbound_time = models.DateTimeField()
    inbound_time = models.DateTimeField()
    num_of_seats = models.IntegerField()
    ticketPrice = models.FloatField()
    delayed = models.BooleanField()
    airlinefirm = models.ForeignKey(AirlineFirm)

serializers.py

class FlightSerializer(serializers.Serializer):

    flight_num = serializers.CharField(read_only=True)
    src = serializers.CharField()
    dest = serializers.CharField()
    outbound_time = serializers.DateTimeField()
    inbound_time = serializers.DateTimeField()
    num_of_seats = serializers.IntegerField()
    ticketPrice = serializers.FloatField()
    delayed = serializers.BooleanField()
    airlinefirm = serializers.RelatedField(read_only='True')
    #passengers = models.ManyToManyField(Passenger)


    def create(self, validated_data):
        return Flight.objects.create(**validated_data)

    def update(self, instance, validated_data):
        pass

class AirlineSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    flights = FlightSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = AirlineFirm
        fields = ('operator_name','flights')

        def create(self, validated_data):
            flights_data = validated_data.pop('flights')
            airlinefirm = AirlineFirm.objects.create(**validated_data)

            for flight_data in flights_data:
                Flight.objects.create(airlinefirm=airlinefirm, **flight_data)
                return airlinefirm

views.py

@api_view(['GET','POST'])
def airline(request, format=None):

    if request.method == 'GET':
        airlines = AirlineFirm.objects.all()
        serializer = AirlineSerializer(airlines, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

    if request.method == 'POST':
        #data = JSONParser().parse(request)
        serializer = AirlineSerializer(data=request.data)
        #import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        else:
            import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
            return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

当我向我的航空公司视图类发送 POST 请求 http://127.0.0.1:8000/airlines/ 时，我收到 404 响应

http 请求

import json
import requests

payload = 'operator_name':'AmericanAirlines','flights':[]
headers = 'Content-type':'application/json'
r = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/',data=json.dumps(payload),headers=headers)

这是错误信息：

AttributeError：尝试在序列化程序 AirlineSerializer 上获取字段 flights 的值时出现 AttributeError。 序列化程序字段可能命名不正确，并且与 AirlineFirm 实例上的任何属性或键都不匹配。 原始异常文本为：“AirlineFirm”对象没有“航班”属性。 [2016 年 2 月 18 日 13:43:58] "POST /airlines/ HTTP/1.1" 500 112039

【参考方案1】：

如果你的 urls.py 中的 api 不存在，你需要和一个端点，然后在你的请求中指向它，比如：

r = requests.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/airlines',data=json.dumps(payload),headers=headers)

【讨论】：

我确实提到了端点 url(r'^airlines/$',views.airline),

酷，是的，我不确定它是否真的在你的网址中，所以我说如果不是就添加它。无论哪种方式，您是否看到我在回答中添加到 requests.post 的请求中缺少什么？

我做了更多搜索，发现Flight model airportfirm = models.ForeignKey(AirlineFirm, related_name="flights")中没有提到related_name