使用 Alembic 更改枚举字段
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【中文标题】使用 Alembic 更改枚举字段【英文标题】:Altering an Enum field using Alembic 【发布时间】:2013-01-28 12:09:03 【问题描述】:当使用早于 9.1 的 PostgreSQL 版本(为枚举添加 ALTER TYPE)时,如何在 alembic 迁移中将元素添加到 Enum 字段? This SO question 解释了直接过程,但我不太确定如何最好地使用 alembic 进行翻译。
这就是我所拥有的:
new_type = sa.Enum('nonexistent_executable', 'output_limit_exceeded',
'signal', 'success', 'timed_out', name='status')
old_type = sa.Enum('nonexistent_executable', 'signal', 'success', 'timed_out',
name='status')
tcr = sa.sql.table('testcaseresult',
sa.Column('status', new_type, nullable=False))
def upgrade():
op.alter_column('testcaseresult', u'status', type_=new_type,
existing_type=old_type)
def downgrade():
op.execute(tcr.update().where(tcr.c.status==u'output_limit_exceeded')
.values(status='timed_out'))
op.alter_column('testcaseresult', u'status', type_=old_type,
existing_type=new_type)
不幸的是,上述内容仅在升级时产生ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status TYPE status
,基本上什么都不做。
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我决定尽可能直接关注postgres approach,并提出了以下迁移。
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
old_options = ('nonexistent_executable', 'signal', 'success', 'timed_out')
new_options = sorted(old_options + ('output_limit_exceeded',))
old_type = sa.Enum(*old_options, name='status')
new_type = sa.Enum(*new_options, name='status')
tmp_type = sa.Enum(*new_options, name='_status')
tcr = sa.sql.table('testcaseresult',
sa.Column('status', new_type, nullable=False))
def upgrade():
# Create a tempoary "_status" type, convert and drop the "old" type
tmp_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status TYPE _status'
' USING status::text::_status')
old_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
# Create and convert to the "new" status type
new_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status TYPE status'
' USING status::text::status')
tmp_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
def downgrade():
# Convert 'output_limit_exceeded' status into 'timed_out'
op.execute(tcr.update().where(tcr.c.status==u'output_limit_exceeded')
.values(status='timed_out'))
# Create a tempoary "_status" type, convert and drop the "new" type
tmp_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status TYPE _status'
' USING status::text::_status')
new_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
# Create and convert to the "old" status type
old_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status TYPE status'
' USING status::text::status')
tmp_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
似乎 alembic 在其 alter_table
方法中没有直接支持 USING
语句。
【讨论】:
适用于 alembic 0.7 和 Postgres 9.4。 PITA 不得不这样做。绝对希望我不必对我的 ENUM 做任何调整! @Two-BitAlchemist - 你看到***.com/a/16821396/176978了吗?在 Postgres 9.4 上,您应该可以更简单地完成它。 是的,但不幸的是我放弃而不是添加似乎还没有任何支持的,even in 9.4。ADD VALUE
自 9.1 以来一直存在。然而,即使在 9.4 中,cannot be done inside a transaction block 操作和所有 alembic 迁移都发生在事务中。
以防万一有人想知道:PostgreSQL 10 中没有对 ADD VALUE
的事务支持,AFAIK 没有计划在版本 11 中实现它。【参考方案2】:
我使用了一种比我接受的答案更简单的方法,步骤更少,我以此为基础。在此示例中,我将假设有问题的枚举称为“status_enum”,因为在接受的答案中,列和枚举都使用“状态”让我感到困惑。
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
name = 'status_enum'
tmp_name = 'tmp_' + name
old_options = ('nonexistent_executable', 'signal', 'success', 'timed_out')
new_options = sorted(old_options + ('output_limit_exceeded',))
new_type = sa.Enum(*new_options, name=name)
old_type = sa.Enum(*old_options, name=name)
tcr = sa.sql.table('testcaseresult',
sa.Column('status', new_type, nullable=False))
def upgrade():
op.execute('ALTER TYPE ' + name + ' RENAME TO ' + tmp_name)
new_type.create(op.get_bind())
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status ' +
'TYPE ' + name + ' USING status::text::' + name)
op.execute('DROP TYPE ' + tmp_name)
def downgrade():
# Convert 'output_limit_exceeded' status into 'timed_out'
op.execute(tcr.update().where(tcr.c.status=='output_limit_exceeded')
.values(status='timed_out'))
op.execute('ALTER TYPE ' + name + ' RENAME TO ' + tmp_name)
old_type.create(op.get_bind())
op.execute('ALTER TABLE testcaseresult ALTER COLUMN status ' +
'TYPE ' + name + ' USING status::text::' + name)
op.execute('DROP TYPE ' + tmp_name)
【讨论】:
嗨@JelteF,我使用了你的方法,但它抛出了一个错误:sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (psycopg2.ProgrammingError) column "category_type" does not exist
我的列名是caterory_types' and enum name is
CATEGORY_TYPE` 这是一个 OrderedDict ,我使用的是 Postgres 10.4 和 alembic 0.9.9
【参考方案3】:
这运行没有问题:
from alembic import op
def upgrade():
op.execute("COMMIT")
op.execute("ALTER TYPE enum_type ADD VALUE 'new_value'")
def downgrade():
...
Reference
【讨论】:
> 使用低于 9.1 的 PostgreSQL 版本时 最新版本的 Alembic 提供了 autocommit_block 上下文管理器,它已针对这个确切的用例实现(有关详细信息、示例和限制,请参阅链接)【参考方案4】:从 Postgres 9.1 开始,可以使用 ALTER TYPE
语句向枚举添加新值。 it cannot be done in a transaction.但是,这可以通过提交 alembic 的事务 see here 来解决。
实际上我在使用旧的、更冗长的解决方案时遇到了问题,因为 Postgres 无法自动转换列的默认值。
【讨论】:
alembic 现在使用 github 进行问题跟踪:A way to run non-transactional DDL commands #123【参考方案5】:我在尝试将列类型迁移到另一个时遇到了同样的问题。我使用以下要求:
Alembic==0.9.4
SQLAlchemy==1.1.12
您可以将参数postgresql_using
提供为alembic.op.alter_column
的kwarg。
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as types
op.alter_column(
table_name='my_table',
column_name='my_column',
type_=types.NewType,
# allows to use postgresql USING
postgresql_using="my_column::PostgesEquivalentOfNewType",
)
希望对你有帮助。
【讨论】:
在 Postgres ENUMs 的情况下,我们可能想要使用强制转换 (OLD_TYPE -> text -> NEW_TYPE):postgresql_using="my_column::text::PostgesEquivalentOfNewType"
在这个问题的情况下,它实际上是必须的。但是,这个答案很棒,为我节省了很多时间:)
遇到了这个问题,这个答案效果很好,而且远没有其他答案那么复杂,非常感谢【参考方案6】:
在直接 SQL 中,这适用于 Postgres,如果您的枚举中的事物的顺序不需要与上面完全相同:
ALTER TYPE status ADD value 'output_limit_exceeded' after 'timed_out';
【讨论】:
在 PostgreSQL 9.1 中添加了该支持。我将更新问题以更具体(我希望我使用的是 9.1)。 使用 Alembic 和 SQLAlchemy 的全部意义在于避免编写纯 SQL,除非必须这样做。理想情况下,可以根据 SQLAlchemy 模型自动生成迁移脚本。 这样做的主要问题是ALTER TYPE ... ADD VALUE ...
不能在事务中使用。
这个问题是关于迁移的,那么如何去掉ENUM中的一个附加值呢? downgrade
怎么样
@TienHoang 艰难的方式,创建一个新类型,并将其与旧类型交换,postgres 不支持从现有枚举中删除一个值 =/【参考方案7】:
首先将列类型更改为 VARCHAR()。
然后删除您的类型并使用新字段创建新类型。
最后将列类型更改为新创建的类型。
def upgrade():
op.execute(
'''
ALTER TABLE your_table ALTER COLUMN your_enum_column TYPE VARCHAR(255);
DROP TYPE IF EXISTS your_enum_type;
CREATE TYPE your_enum_type AS ENUM
('value1', 'value2', 'value3', 'value4');
ALTER TABLE your_table ALTER COLUMN your_enum_column TYPE your_enum_type
USING (your_enum_column::your_enum_type);
'''
)
def downgrade():
op.execute(
'''
ALTER TABLE your_table ALTER COLUMN your_enum_column TYPE VARCHAR(255);
DROP TYPE IF EXISTS your_enum_type;
CREATE TYPE your_enum_type AS ENUM
('value1', 'value2', 'value3');
ALTER TABLE your_table ALTER COLUMN your_enum_column TYPE your_enum_type
USING (your_enum_column::your_enum_type);
'''
)
【讨论】:
恶心,我喜欢它【参考方案8】:我需要在迁移类型时移动数据,包括删除一些旧类型,所以我想我会根据(真棒)接受的答案 (https://***.com/a/14845740/629272) 编写一个更通用的方法来执行此操作。希望这可以帮助同一条船上的其他人!
# This migration will move data from one column to two others based on the type
# for a given row, and modify the type of each row.
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
revision = '000000000001'
down_revision = '000000000000'
branch_labels = None
depends_on = None
# This set of options makes up the old type.
example_types_old = (
'EXAMPLE_A',
'EXAMPLE_B',
'EXAMPLE_C',
)
example_type_enum_old = postgresql.ENUM(*example_types_old, name='exampletype')
# This set of options makes up the new type.
example_types_new = (
'EXAMPLE_C',
'EXAMPLE_D',
'EXAMPLE_E',
)
example_type_enum_new = postgresql.ENUM(*example_types_new, name='exampletype')
# This set of options includes everything from the old and new types.
example_types_tmp = set(example_types_old + example_types_new)
example_type_enum_tmp = postgresql.ENUM(*example_types_tmp, name='_exampletype')
# This is a table view from which we can select and update as necessary. This
# only needs to include the relevant columns which are in either the old or new
# version of the table.
examples_view = sa.Table(
# Use the name of the actual table so it is modified in the upgrade and
# downgrade.
'examples',
sa.MetaData(),
sa.Column('id', sa.Integer, primary_key=True),
# Use the _tmp type so all types are usable.
sa.Column('example_type', example_type_enum_tmp),
# This is a column from which the data will be migrated, after which the
# column will be removed.
sa.Column('example_old_column', sa.Integer),
# This is a column to which data from the old column will be added if the
# type is EXAMPLE_A.
sa.Column('example_new_column_a', sa.Integer),
# This is a column to which data from the old column will be added if the
# type is EXAMPLE_B.
sa.Column('example_new_column_b', sa.Integer),
)
def upgrade():
connection = op.get_bind()
# Add the new column to which data will be migrated.
example_new_column_a = sa.Column(
'example_new_column_a',
sa.Integer,
nullable=True
)
op.add_column('examples', example_new_column_a)
# Add the new column to which data will be migrated.
example_new_column_b = sa.Column(
'example_new_column_b',
sa.Integer,
nullable=True
)
op.add_column('examples', example_new_column_b)
# Create the temporary enum and change the example_type column to use the
# temporary enum.
# The USING statement automatically maps the old enum to the temporary one.
example_type_enum_tmp.create(connection, checkfirst=False)
# Change to the temporary type and map from the old type to the temporary
# one.
op.execute('''
ALTER TABLE examples
ALTER COLUMN example_type
TYPE _exampletype
USING example_type::text::_exampletype
''')
# Move data from example_old_column to example_new_column_a and change its
# type to EXAMPLE_D if the type is EXAMPLE_A.
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_A'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_D',
example_new_column_a=examples_view.c.example_old_column,
)
)
# Move data from example_old_column to example_new_column_b and change its
# type to EXAMPLE_E if the type is EXAMPLE_B.
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_B'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_E',
example_new_column_b=examples_view.c.example_old_column,
)
)
# Move any remaining data from example_old_column to example_new_column_a
# and keep its type as EXAMPLE_C.
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_C'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_C',
example_new_column_a=examples_view.c.example_old_column,
)
)
# Delete the old enum now that the data with the old types have been moved.
example_type_enum_old.drop(connection, checkfirst=False)
# Create the new enum and change the example_type column to use the new
# enum.
# The USING statement automatically maps the temporary enum to the new one.
example_type_enum_new.create(connection, checkfirst=False)
op.execute('''
ALTER TABLE examples
ALTER COLUMN example_type
TYPE exampletype
USING example_type::text::exampletype
''')
# Delete the temporary enum.
example_type_enum_tmp.drop(connection, checkfirst=False)
# Remove the old column.
op.drop_column('examples', 'example_old_column')
# The downgrade just performs the opposite of all the upgrade operations but in
# reverse.
def downgrade():
connection = op.get_bind()
example_old_column = sa.Column(
'example_old_column',
sa.Integer,
nullable=True
)
op.add_column('examples', example_old_column)
example_type_enum_tmp.create(connection, checkfirst=False)
op.execute('''
ALTER TABLE examples
ALTER COLUMN example_type
TYPE _exampletype
USING example_type::text::_exampletype
''')
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_C'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_C',
example_old_column=examples_view.c.example_new_column_b,
)
)
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_E'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_B',
example_old_column=examples_view.c.example_new_column_b,
)
)
connection.execute(
examples_view.update().where(
examples_view.c.example_type == 'EXAMPLE_D'
).values(
example_type='EXAMPLE_A',
example_old_column=examples_view.c.example_new_column_a,
)
)
example_type_enum_old.create(connection, checkfirst=False)
op.execute('''
ALTER TABLE examples
ALTER COLUMN example_type
TYPE exampletype
USING example_type::text::exampletype
''')
example_type_enum_tmp.drop(connection, checkfirst=False)
op.drop_column('examples', 'example_new_column_b')
op.drop_column('examples', 'example_new_column_a')
【讨论】:
【参考方案9】:找到另一个方便的方法
op.execute('ALTER TYPE enum_type ADD VALUE new_value')
op.execute('ALTER TYPE enum_type ADD VALUE new_value BEFORE old_value')
op.execute('ALTER TYPE enum_type ADD VALUE new_value AFTER old_value')
【讨论】:
【参考方案10】:此方法可用于更新枚举
def upgrade():
op.execute("ALTER TYPE categorytype RENAME VALUE 'EXAMPLE_A' TO 'EXAMPLE_B'")
def downgrade():
op.execute("ALTER TYPE categorytype RENAME VALUE 'EXAMPLE_B' TO 'EXAMPLE_A'")
【讨论】:
【参考方案11】:这种方法类似于the accepted solution,但有细微差别:
-
它使用
op.batch_alter_table
而不是op.execute('ALTER TABLE')
,因此该解决方案在PostgreSQL 和SQLite 中都有效:SQLite 不支持ALTER TABLE
,但alembic 通过op.batch_alter_table
提供支持
它不使用原始 SQL
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
# Describing of enum
enum_name = "status"
temp_enum_name = f"temp_enum_name"
old_values = ("nonexistent_executable", "signal", "success", "timed_out")
new_values = ("output_limit_exceeded", *old_values)
downgrade_to = ("output_limit_exceeded", "timed_out") # on downgrade convert [0] to [1]
old_type = sa.Enum(*old_values, name=enum_name)
new_type = sa.Enum(*new_values, name=enum_name)
temp_type = sa.Enum(*new_values, name=temp_enum_name)
# Describing of table
table_name = "testcaseresult"
column_name = "status"
temp_table = sa.sql.table(
table_name,
sa.Column(
column_name,
new_type,
nullable=False
)
)
def upgrade():
# temp type to use instead of old one
temp_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
# changing of column type from old enum to new one.
# SQLite will create temp table for this
with op.batch_alter_table(table_name) as batch_op:
batch_op.alter_column(
column_name,
existing_type=old_type,
type_=temp_type,
existing_nullable=False,
postgresql_using=f"column_name::text::temp_enum_name"
)
# remove old enum, create new enum
old_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
new_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
# changing of column type from temp enum to new one.
# SQLite will create temp table for this
with op.batch_alter_table(table_name) as batch_op:
batch_op.alter_column(
column_name,
existing_type=temp_type,
type_=new_type,
existing_nullable=False,
postgresql_using=f"column_name::text::enum_name"
)
# remove temp enum
temp_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
def downgrade():
# old enum don't have new value anymore.
# before downgrading from new enum to old one,
# we should replace new value from new enum with
# somewhat of old values from old enum
op.execute(
temp_table
.update()
.where(
temp_table.c.status == downgrade_to[0]
)
.values(
status=downgrade_to[1]
)
)
temp_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
with op.batch_alter_table(table_name) as batch_op:
batch_op.alter_column(
column_name,
existing_type=new_type,
type_=temp_type,
existing_nullable=False,
postgresql_using=f"column_name::text::temp_enum_name"
)
new_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
old_type.create(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
with op.batch_alter_table(table_name) as batch_op:
batch_op.alter_column(
column_name,
existing_type=temp_type,
type_=old_type,
existing_nullable=False,
postgresql_using=f"column_name::text::enum_name"
)
temp_type.drop(op.get_bind(), checkfirst=False)
来自公认的解决方案:
似乎 alembic 在其 alter_table 方法中没有直接支持 USING 语句。
目前 alembic 在其 alter_table
方法中支持 USING
语句。
【讨论】:
【参考方案12】:由于我遇到转换错误和默认值问题,我根据接受的答案写了一个更通用的答案:
def replace_enum_values(
name: str,
old: [str],
new: [str],
modify: [(str, str, str)]
):
"""
Replaces an enum's list of values.
Args:
name: Name of the enum
new: New list of values
old: Old list of values
modify: List of tuples of table name
and column to modify (which actively use the enum).
Assumes each column has a default val.
"""
connection = op.get_bind()
tmp_name = "_tmp".format(name)
# Rename old type
op.execute(
"ALTER TYPE RENAME TO ;"
.format(name, tmp_name)
)
# Create new type
lsl = sa.Enum(*new, name=name)
lsl.create(connection)
# Replace all usages
for (table, column) in modify:
# Get default to re-set later
default_typed = connection.execute(
"SELECT column_default "
"FROM information_schema.columns "
"WHERE table_name='table' "
"AND column_name='column';"
.format(table=table, column=column)
).first()[0] # type: str
# Is bracketed already
default = default_typed[:default_typed.index("::")]
# Set all now invalid values to default
connection.execute(
"UPDATE table "
"SET column=default "
"WHERE column NOT IN allowed;"
.format(
table=table,
column=column,
# Invalid: What isn't contained in both new and old
# Can't just remove what's not in new because we get
# a type error
allowed=tuple(set(old).intersection(set(new))),
default=default
)
)
op.execute(
"ALTER TABLE table "
# Default needs to be dropped first
"ALTER COLUMN column DROP DEFAULT,"
# Replace the tpye
"ALTER COLUMN column TYPE enum_name USING column::text::enum_name,"
# Reset default
"ALTER COLUMN column SET DEFAULT default;"
.format(
table=table,
column=column,
enum_name=name,
default=default
)
)
# Remove old type
op.execute("DROP TYPE ;".format(tmp_name))
这可以从升级/降级中调用:
replace_enum_values(
name='enum_name',
new=["A", "B"],
old=["A", "C"],
modify=[('some_table', 'some_column')]
)
所有无效值都将设置为 server_default。
【讨论】:
【参考方案13】:观察
为了减轻迁移时的痛苦,我即使使用 PostgreSQL 也总是使用非原生枚举。
非原生枚举只是带有约束的字符串,如果你编辑一个枚举,只有三种情况:
-
重命名枚举值
删除枚举值
添加枚举值。
对于迁移,2 和 3 是一对。这是可以理解的:如果你升级是为了添加,那么你必须在降级时删除,反之亦然。所以让我们将它们分为两种类型。
实施
如果是重命名,一般我会分为三个步骤:
-
放弃旧的约束
将行的旧值更新为新值
创建新约束
在 alembic 中,这是通过以下方式完成的:
def update_enum(
table, column, enum_class_name, target_values, olds_to_remove, news_to_add
):
op.drop_constraint(f"ck_table_enum_class_name", table)
for sql in update_enum_sqls(table, column, olds_to_remove, news_to_add):
op.execute(sql)
op.create_check_constraint(
enum_class_name, table, sa.sql.column(column).in_(target_values)
)
让我们先忘记update_enum_sqls
,将其用作 SQL 生成器。
如果要删除,那么还有三个步骤:
-
放弃旧的约束
删除具有旧值的行
创建新约束
所以基本上只有update_enum_sqls
的行为可能会有所不同。
如果是添加,只需两步:
-
放弃旧的约束
创建新约束
不过,我们可以忽略update_enum_sqls
。
那么如何实现呢?没那么难……
def update_enum_sql(table, column, old_value, new_value):
if new_value is not None:
return f"UPDATE table SET column = 'new_value' where column = 'old_value'"
else:
return f"DELETE FROM table where column = 'old_value'"
def update_enum_sqls(table, column, olds_to_remove, news_to_add):
if len(olds_to_remove) != len(news_to_add):
raise NotImplementedError
return [
update_enum_sql(table, column, old, new)
for old, new in zip(olds_to_remove, news_to_add)
]
示例
既然我们准备好了材料,那就申请吧:
def upgrade():
# rename enum
update_enum(
"my_table",
"my_enum",
"myenumclassname",
["NEW", "ENUM", "VALUES"],
["OLD"],
["NEW"],
)
# add enum
update_enum(
"my_table",
"my_enum",
"myenumclassname",
["NEW", "ENUM", "VALUES"],
[],
[],
)
def downgrade():
# remove enum
update_enum(
"my_table",
"my_enum",
"myenumclassname",
["ENUM", "VALUES"],
["NEW"],
[None], # this will delete rows with "NEW", USE WITH CARE!!!
)
# edit enum
update_enum(
"my_table",
"my_enum",
"myenumclassname",
["OLD", "ENUM", "VALUES"],
["NEW"],
["OLD"],
)
上面的代码也可以在gist上找到。
【讨论】:
【参考方案14】:此解决方案易于理解,并且非常适合升级和降级。我已经以更详细的方式写了这个答案。
假设我们的enum_type
看起来像这样:
enum_type = ('some_value_1', 'some_value_2')
我想通过添加一个新的枚举来改变enum_type
,使它变成这样:
enum_type = ('some_value_1', 'some_value_2', 'new_value')
这可以通过这种方式完成:
from alembic import op
def upgrade():
op.execute("COMMIT")
op.execute("ALTER TYPE enum_type ADD VALUE 'new_value'")
def downgrade():
# Drop 'new_value' from enum_type
op.execute("ALTER TYPE enum_type RENAME TO enum_type_tmp")
op.execute("CREATE TYPE enum_type AS ENUM('some_value_1', 'some_value_1')")
op.execute("DROP TYPE enum_type_tmp")
注意:降级过程中,如果您在表格中使用enum_type
,则可以修改降级方法,如下所述:
def downgrade():
# Drop 'new_value' from enum_type
op.execute("UPDATE table_name"
" SET column_name_using_enum_type_value = NULL"
" WHERE column_name_using_enum_type_value = 'new_value'")
op.execute("ALTER TYPE enum_type RENAME TO enum_type_tmp")
op.execute("CREATE TYPE enum_type AS ENUM('some_value_1', 'some_value_1')")
op.execute("ALTER TABLE table_name"
" ALTER COLUMN column_name_using_enum_type_value TYPE enum_type"
" USING column_name_using_enum_type_value::text::enum_type")
op.execute("DROP TYPE enum_type_tmp")
【讨论】:
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