在 ubuntu 20.04 LTS 上部署 django 2.2 应用程序
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【中文标题】在 ubuntu 20.04 LTS 上部署 django 2.2 应用程序【英文标题】：Deploying django 2.2 app on ubuntu 20.04 LTS 【发布时间】：2021-08-07 04:51:27 【问题描述】：我之前使用 python 3.6 编写过我的应用程序。 现在我想在 ubuntu 20.04 上部署它，默认 python 是 3.8。 在我运行 pip install -r requirments.txt 创建虚拟环境后，我收到终端中特定包的错误。以下是这些包的错误：
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/cffi_5a23efe094aa4c5dbccb0ae69bfca883/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/cffi_5a23efe094aa4c5dbccb0ae69bfca883/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-2i6w3ayj
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/cffi_5a23efe094aa4c5dbccb0ae69bfca883/
Complete output (36 lines):
running build_ext
building '_cffi_backend' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/c
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -DUSE__THREAD -DHAVE_SYNC_SYNCHRONIZE -I/usr/include/ffi -I/usr/include/libffi -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c c/_cffi_backend.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/c/_cffi_backend.o
c/_cffi_backend.c:15:10: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
15 | #include <ffi.h>
| ^~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for cffi
Running setup.py clean for cffi
Building wheel for Pillow (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-q3h8ccal
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/
Complete output (176 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/PIL
running egg_info
writing src/Pillow.egg-info/PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to src/Pillow.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to src/Pillow.egg-info/top_level.txt
adding license file 'LICENSE' (matched pattern 'LICEN[CS]E*')
reading manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest template 'MANIFEST.in'
warning: no files found matching '*.c'
warning: no files found matching '*.h'
warning: no files found matching '*.sh'
no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_static'
writing manifest file 'src/Pillow.egg-info/SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/setup.py", line 839, in <module>
setup(
File "/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 153, in setup
return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wheel/bdist_wheel.py", line 299, in run self.run_command('build')
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build.py", line 135, in run
self.run_command(cmd_name)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
self.distribution.run_command(command)
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 340, in run
self.build_extensions()
File "/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/setup.py", line 674, in build_extensions
raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: jpeg
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
File "/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/pillow_d6fb8321e9754e1ca160d90143900a30/setup.py", line 888, in <module>
raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException:
The headers or library files could not be found for jpeg,
a required dependency when compiling Pillow from source.
Please see the install instructions at:
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for Pillow
Running setup.py clean for Pillow
Building wheel for typed-ast (setup.py) ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/bin/python -u -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/typed-ast_179d0c2213394989ae0f950fdc92fb1a/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/typed-ast_179d0c2213394989ae0f950fdc92fb1a/setup.py'"'"';f = getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__) if os.path.exists(__file__) else io.StringIO('"'"'from setuptools import setup; setup()'"'"');code = f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-85kkgv7d
cwd: /tmp/pip-install-2h487j4r/typed-ast_179d0c2213394989ae0f950fdc92fb1a/
Complete output (67 lines):
running bdist_wheel
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast
copying typed_ast/ast3.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast
copying typed_ast/ast27.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast
copying typed_ast/conversions.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast
copying typed_ast/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast
package init file 'ast3/tests/__init__.py' not found (or not a regular file)
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast/tests
copying ast3/tests/test_basics.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast/tests
running build_ext
building '_ast27' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Custom
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/acceler.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/acceler.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/bitset.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/bitset.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/grammar.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/grammar.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/grammar1.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/grammar1.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/node.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/node.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/parser.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/parser.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/parsetok.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/parsetok.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Parser/tokenizer.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/tokenizer.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Python/asdl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/asdl.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Python/ast.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/ast.o
ast27/Python/ast.c: In function ‘ast_for_print_stmt’:
ast27/Python/ast.c:2432:9: warning: this ‘if’ clause does not guard... [-Wmisleading-indentation]
2432 | if (!dest)
| ^~
ast27/Python/ast.c:2434:13: note: ...this statement, but the latter is misleadingly indented as if it were guarded by the ‘if’
2434 | start = 4;
| ^~~~~
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Python/graminit.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/graminit.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Python/mystrtoul.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/mystrtoul.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Python/Python-ast.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/Python-ast.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast27/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast27/Custom/typed_ast.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Custom/typed_ast.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/acceler.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/bitset.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/grammar.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/grammar1.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/node.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/parser.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/parsetok.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Parser/tokenizer.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/asdl.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/ast.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/graminit.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/mystrtoul.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Python/Python-ast.o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast27/Custom/typed_ast.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.8/typed_ast/_ast27.cpython-38-x86_64-linux-gnu.so
building '_ast3' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Python
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Custom
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/acceler.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/acceler.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/bitset.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/bitset.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/grammar.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/grammar.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/grammar1.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/grammar1.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/node.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/node.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/parser.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/parser.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/parsetok.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/parsetok.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Parser/tokenizer.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Parser/tokenizer.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Python/asdl.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Python/asdl.o
x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -g -fwrapv -O2 -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -Iast3/Include -I/home/pouya795/www/marketpine-backend/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.8 -c ast3/Python/ast.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.8/ast3/Python/ast.o
ast3/Python/ast.c:22:1: error: conflicting types for ‘_PyObject_FastCall’
22 | _PyObject_FastCall(PyObject *func, PyObject *const *args, int nargs)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/include/python3.8/abstract.h:837,
from /usr/include/python3.8/Python.h:147,
from ast3/Python/ast.c:6:
/usr/include/python3.8/cpython/abstract.h:145:1: note: previous definition of ‘_PyObject_FastCall’ was here
145 | _PyObject_FastCall(PyObject *func, PyObject *const *args, Py_ssize_t nargs)
| ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
ERROR: Failed building wheel for typed-ast
这是我的 requrements.txt 文件：
addict==2.2.1
appdirs==1.4.3
asn1crypto==0.24.0
attrs==19.1.0
cached-property==1.5.1
certifi==2019.3.9
cffi==1.12.3
chardet==3.0.4
Click==7.0
coreapi==2.3.3
coreschema==0.0.4
cryptography==2.6.1
defusedxml==0.6.0
Django==2.2
django-background-tasks==1.2.5
django-cleanup==4.0.0
django-compat==1.0.15
django-cors-headers==2.5.2
django-rest-swagger==2.2.0
django-stubs==0.12.1
djangorestframework==3.9.2
djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0
djangorestframework-stubs==0.4.2
drf-writable-nested==0.5.4
Faker==1.0.5
future==0.17.1
gunicorn==19.9.0
idna==2.8
inflection==0.3.1
isodate==0.6.0
itypes==1.1.0
jdatetime==3.6.2
Jinja2==2.10.1
jsonschema==3.0.1
kavenegar==1.1.2
langdetect==1.0.7
lxml==4.4.1
Markdown==3.1.1
MarkupSafe==1.1.1
mypy==0.701
mypy-extensions==0.4.1
openapi-codec==1.3.2
Pillow==6.1.0
pyaes==1.6.1
pycparser==2.19
PyJWT==1.7.1
Pyrogram==0.8.0
pyrsistent==0.15.4
PySocks==1.6.8
python-dateutil==2.8.0
python-telegram-bot==11.1.0
pytz==2019.1
PyYAML==5.1
requests==2.21.0
requests-toolbelt==0.9.1
rope==0.14.0
ruamel.yaml==0.16.0
ruamel.yaml.clib==0.1.0
simplejson==3.16.0
six==1.12.0
sqlparse==0.3.0
StringGenerator==0.3.3
swagger-spec-validator==2.4.3
text-unidecode==1.2
TgCrypto==1.1.1
typed-ast==1.3.5
typing-extensions==3.7.2
uritemplate==3.0.0
urllib3==1.24.1
zeep==3.4.0
我认为它与 3 个包有关：cffi、Pillow 和 typed-ast 应用程序在 ubuntu 18.04 LTS 上也能正常工作。 有人知道这个问题的根本原因吗？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
要解决这个问题，您应该安装 libffi-dev。
ast3/Python/ast.c:22:1: error: conflicting types for ‘_PyObject_FastCall’
这与this bug 相关，似乎可以通过安装/升级typed-ast 和/或将python 升级到更新的次要版本来修复它。
【讨论】：
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