从源代码安装 qiskit-aer 时出现 CMake 错误
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【中文标题】从源代码安装 qiskit-aer 时出现 CMake 错误【英文标题】：CMake error installing qiskit-aer from source 【发布时间】：2021-08-26 00:09:28 【问题描述】：我正在尝试使用说明here 从源安装 Qiskit（选择“从源安装”选项卡）。我正在 64 位 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 上安装，并且刚刚更新了所有软件包。
我收到如下所示的错误，这可能与 CMake 或 ninja 有关。 Ninja 已安装，但当我运行 ninja 时，我收到以下消息：
> ninja
ninja: error: loading 'build.ninja': No such file or directory
我不确定这是否相关。
有谁知道问题出在哪里？
> pip install -e .
Obtaining file:///home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer
Installing build dependencies ... done
Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
Installing backend dependencies ... done
Preparing wheel metadata ... done
Requirement already satisfied: pybind11>=2.6 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-aer==0.9.0) (2.6.2)
Requirement already satisfied: qiskit-terra>=0.17.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-terra (from qiskit-aer=>
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.16.3 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-aer==0.9.0) (1.20.1)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy>=1.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-aer==0.9.0) (1.6.1)
Requirement already satisfied: jsonschema>=2.6 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit->
Requirement already satisfied: retworkx>=0.9.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit->
Requirement already satisfied: ply>=3.10 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit-aer==0>
Requirement already satisfied: psutil>=5 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit-aer==0>
Requirement already satisfied: sympy>=1.3 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit-aer==>
Requirement already satisfied: dill>=0.3 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit-aer==0>
Requirement already satisfied: fastjsonschema>=2.10 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qi>
Requirement already satisfied: python-constraint>=1.4 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->>
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->>
Requirement already satisfied: symengine>0.7 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from qiskit-terra>=0.17.0->qiskit-ae>
Requirement already satisfied: attrs>=17.4.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from jsonschema>=2.6->qiskit-terra>=>
Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from jsonschema>=2.6->qiskit-terra>=0.1>
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.11.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from jsonschema>=2.6->qiskit-terra>=0.>
Requirement already satisfied: pyrsistent>=0.14.0 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from jsonschema>=2.6->qiskit-te>
Requirement already satisfied: mpmath>=0.19 in /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from sympy>=1.3->qiskit-terra>=0.17.0>
Installing collected packages: qiskit-aer
Attempting uninstall: qiskit-aer
Found existing installation: qiskit-aer 0.9.0
Uninstalling qiskit-aer-0.9.0:
Successfully uninstalled qiskit-aer-0.9.0
Running setup.py develop for qiskit-aer
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/bin/python3.9 -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/home/john/anaconda3>
cwd: /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer/
Complete output (77 lines):
Not searching for unused variables given on the command line.
CMake Deprecation Warning at CMakeLists.txt:1 (cmake_minimum_required):
Compatibility with CMake < 2.8.12 will be removed from a future version of
CMake.
Update the VERSION argument <min> value or use a ...<max> suffix to tell
CMake that the project does not need compatibility with older versions.
-- The C compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working C compiler: /usr/bin/cc - skipped
-- Detecting C compile features
-- Detecting C compile features - done
-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 9.3.0
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/bin/c++ - skipped
-- Detecting CXX compile features
-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer/_cmake_test_compile/build
CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:15 (project):
Running
'/tmp/pip-build-env-v00vgfai/overlay/bin/ninja' '--version'
failed with:
No such file or directory
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.9/cmake-build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput>
File "/tmp/pip-build-env-nhehkrf9/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 582, in setup
env = cmkr.configure(cmake_args,
File "/tmp/pip-build-env-nhehkrf9/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/skbuild/cmaker.py", line 229, in configure
raise SKBuildError(
An error occurred while configuring with CMake.
Command:
/tmp/pip-build-env-nhehkrf9/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cmake/data/bin/cmake /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-p>
Source directory:
/home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer
Working directory:
/home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.9/cmake-build
Please see CMake's output for more information.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Trying "Ninja" generator
--------------------------------
---------------------------
----------------------
-----------------
------------
-------
--
--
-------
------------
-----------------
----------------------
---------------------------
--------------------------------
-- Trying "Ninja" generator - success
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Configuring Project
Working directory:
/home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer/_skbuild/linux-x86_64-3.9/cmake-build
Command:
/tmp/pip-build-env-nhehkrf9/overlay/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cmake/data/bin/cmake /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-p>
Traceback (most recent call last):
----------------------------------------
Rolling back uninstall of qiskit-aer
Moving to /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qiskit-aer.egg-link
from /tmp/pip-uninstall-vno4ffn6/qiskit-aer.egg-link
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /home/john/anaconda3/envs/QiskitDevenv/bin/python3.9 -c 'import io, os, sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.ar>
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：错误消息ninja: error: loading 'build.ninja': No such file or directory 不相关，是由于文件 build.niinja 不存在..
在构建（运行 setup.py）Aer 包时，pb 是一个 cmake 错误。
【讨论】：
@Patrick_Mensac 我降级到 Python 3.8 并安装了更多库（nlohmann-json3-dev、libspdlog-dev、libmuparserx-dev 和 libpthread-stubs0-dev） 现在问题是 CMake 找不到libpthreads.so（线程末尾没有's'）：/usr/bin/ld：找不到-lpthreads。我有 libpthread.so。我尝试将 libpthreads.so 链接到 libpthread.so 并运行 ldconfig 几次，但它无法识别新库（ldconfig -p | grep libpthread 只找到 libpthread.so，而不是 libpthreads.so） @john，你试过用“pip install qiskit”安装qiskit吗？你得到同样的错误吗？ “build-essential”包应该设置编译器和从源代码安装所需的工具。我猜你在尝试新的 aer 安装之前删除了 qiskit-aer 下的 _sk_build 目录。帕特里克 我可以运行“pip install qiskit”，但我真的想从我使用“git pull”获得的最新源代码构建。我找到了一个可以接受的解决方法：使用 Singularity 容器在 Fedora 33 下构建所有内容。我之所以选择 Fedora 33，是因为我在另一台运行 Fedora 33 的机器上成功地从源代码构建了 Qiskit。感谢您的帮助。以上是关于从源代码安装 qiskit-aer 时出现 CMake 错误的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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