如何将 JSON 转换为 Swift Dictionary 以进行 HTTP POST

Posted 2023-03-15

【中文标题】如何将 JSON 转换为 Swift Dictionary 以进行 HTTP POST

【英文标题】：How can I convert JSON to Swift Dictinary inorder to make an HTTP POST

【发布时间】：2020-08-28 09:03:32

【问题描述】：

我无法成功地将我的 json 数据构建到一个 swift 字典中，以便通过 API 发送我的 HTTP 正文

这就是我的 Json 的结构：

  "idNo": "string",
  "name": "string",
  "isRegistered": true,
  "customMessage": "string",
  "riskStatus": "Low",
  "exposureBasedRiskStatus": "Low",
  "symptomBasedRiskStatus": "Low",
  "riskMessage": "string",
  "doYouHaveATemperature": true,
  "temperature": 0,
  "asessmentQuestion": [
    
      "question": "string",
      "answer": "string",
      "createdBy": "string"
    ,
    
      "question": "string",
      "answer": "string",
      "createdBy": "string"
    ,
    
      "question": "string",
      "answer": "string",
      "createdBy": "string"
    ,
    
      "question": "string",
      "answer": "string",
      "createdBy": "string"
    ,
    
      "question": "string",
      "answer": "string",
      "createdBy": "string"
    
  ]

对象“assessmentQuestion”是一系列不同的问题，似乎无法弄清楚如何将此结构转换为快速字典或其他推荐格式，以便我能够发布我的数据。我的 API 总是说错误的请求，我很确定我没有正确映射 json 数据。

这是我如何尝试映射我的 json 数据的 sn-p：

   var dictionary = [String:Any]()
    
    dictionary["1. How old are you?"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[0].answer
    dictionary["2. Have you ever visited a COVID affected country?"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[1].answer
    dictionary["3. do you frequently experience flu like symptoms?"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[2].answer
    dictionary["4. Where you providing care in a non-health setting for a person with symptomatic COVID-19 infection"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[3].answer
    dictionary["5. Did you come in close contact* with a person with symptomatic laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection?"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[4].answer
    
    let parameters = [
        "idNo": model.id,
        "name": model.name,
        "isRegistered": model.isRegistered,
        "customMessage": model.customResponse,
        "riskStatus": model.riskStatus,
             "exposureBasedRiskStatus": model.exposureBasedRiskStatus,
             "symptomBasedRiskStatus": model.symptomBasedRiskStatus,
             "riskMessage": model.riskMessage,
             "doYouHaveATemperature": model.doYouHaveATemperature,
             "temperature": model.temperature,
        "exposureBasedAssessments":  dictionary
        
        ] as [String:Any]
    
    
    
    let postData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: parameters)

【问题讨论】：

您是否尝试在 Postman 或 Paw 中重现此内容？如果没有实际的 API 文档，我们无法判断这里出了什么问题。

你能做到吗model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[0].question？那会为你节省很多。你不使用 Codable 吗？

是的，我确实在邮递员中对其进行了测试，效果很好

【参考方案1】：

这是一个字典数组，所以：

var dictionaries: [[String: Any]] = []
// Populate dictionaries
// ...

let parameters = [
    "idNo": model.id,
    "name": model.name,
    "isRegistered": model.isRegistered,
    "customMessage": model.customResponse,
    "riskStatus": model.riskStatus,
    "exposureBasedRiskStatus": model.exposureBasedRiskStatus,
    "symptomBasedRiskStatus": model.symptomBasedRiskStatus,
    "riskMessage": model.riskMessage,
    "doYouHaveATemperature": model.doYouHaveATemperature,
    "temperature": model.temperature,
    "exposureBasedAssessments":  dictionaries    
    ] as [String:Any]

然后，填充它：

var dict1: [String: Any] = [:]
dict1["question"] = "1. How old are you?"
dict1["answer"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[0].answer
dictionaries.append(dict1)

var dict2: [String: Any] = [:]
dict2["question"] = "2. Have you ever visited a COVID affected country?"
dict2["answer"] = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[1].answer
dictionaries.append(dict2)

...

或

var dict1: [String: Any] = ["question": "1. How old are you?",
                            "answer": model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[0].answer]
dictionaries.append(dict1)

var dict2: [String: Any] = ["question": "2. Have you ever visited a COVID affected country?"",
                            "answer": model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[1].answer]
dictionaries.append(dict2)

...

但是，我想你可以从model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[n] 检索问题， 而不是"1. How old are you?"，你不能用model.riskExposureBasedAssessment[0].question吗？

如果是这种情况，您可以使用 for 循环： 所以我会选择：

for aQuestionModel in model.riskExposureBasedAssessment 
    let questionDict = ["question": aQuestionModel.question,
                        "answer": aQuestionModel.answer]
    dictionaries.append(questionDict)

或者，一旦你掌握了基本算法、闭包和map()：

var dictionaries = model.riskExposureBasedAssessment.map  ["question": $0.question, "answer": $0.answer] 

它缺少“createdBy”，我不知道在哪里可以找到它以及它是否是可选的，但我认为您应该能够在需要时添加它。

NotaBene： 代码未针对编译器进行测试。它应该可以工作，可能有一两个错别字。

【讨论】：

感谢您提供简单直接的方法，我让我的生活变得复杂，因此让自己感到困惑。