复制 Jupyter Notebook Pandas 数据框 HTML 打印输出
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【中文标题】复制 Jupyter Notebook Pandas 数据框 HTML 打印输出【英文标题】:Replicating Jupyter Notebook Pandas dataframe HTML printout 【发布时间】:2018-08-25 17:55:10 【问题描述】:我正在尝试将 jupyter 在其笔记本中用于 pandas 数据框的输出复制到 html/css/js,以便 Flask jsonify
可以将其作为 html 返回,以便我稍后在 AJAX 调用中使用。
我找到了 this 和 this,它们建议使用 pandas 内置样式功能而不是 CSS hack,但我正在努力获得所需的功能:
def hover(hover_color="#add8e6"):
return dict(selector="tr:hover",
props=[("background-color", "%s" % hover_color)])
styles = [
hover(),
dict(selector="th", props=[("font-size", "125%"),
("text-align", "center"),
("padding", "5px 5px")]),
dict(selector="tr", props=[("text-align", "center")]),
dict(selector="caption", props=[("caption-side", "bottom")])
]
# creating some dummy data
index = pd.MultiIndex(levels=[['bar', 'baz', 'foo', 'qux'], ['one', 'two']],
labels=[[0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3], [0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]],
names=['first', 'second'])
df = pd.DataFrame(data=np.random.randn(8), index=index)
# you'll see the html rendered bellow
df.style.set_table_styles(styles).set_caption("test").render()
与 jupyter 笔记本相比,这缺少一些默认的背景颜色剥离,并且标题不应应用悬停类。我能想到在选择元素上应用某些东西的唯一方法是添加class=
或id=
,但样式功能隐藏了所有这些。
<style type="text/css" > #T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2 tr:hover background-color: #add8e6; #T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2 th font-size: 150%; text-align: center; #T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2 caption caption-side: bottom; </style> <table id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2" ><caption>Hover to highlight.</caption> <thead> <tr> <th class="blank" ></th> <th class="blank level0" ></th> <th class="col_heading level0 col0" >0</th> </tr> <tr> <th class="index_name level0" >first</th> <th class="index_name level1" >second</th> <th class="blank" ></th> </tr></thead> <tbody> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level0_row0" class="row_heading level0 row0" rowspan=2>bar</th> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row0" class="row_heading level1 row0" >one</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row0_col0" class="data row0 col0" >-0.0690895</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row1" class="row_heading level1 row1" >two</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row1_col0" class="data row1 col0" >-0.518092</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level0_row2" class="row_heading level0 row2" rowspan=2>baz</th> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row2" class="row_heading level1 row2" >one</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row2_col0" class="data row2 col0" >-0.163842</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row3" class="row_heading level1 row3" >two</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row3_col0" class="data row3 col0" >-0.144757</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level0_row4" class="row_heading level0 row4" rowspan=2>foo</th> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row4" class="row_heading level1 row4" >one</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row4_col0" class="data row4 col0" >1.22865</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row5" class="row_heading level1 row5" >two</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row5_col0" class="data row5 col0" >1.83947</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level0_row6" class="row_heading level0 row6" rowspan=2>qux</th> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row6" class="row_heading level1 row6" >one</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row6_col0" class="data row6 col0" >0.793328</td> </tr> <tr> <th id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2level1_row7" class="row_heading level1 row7" >two</th> <td id="T_479b61ba_292a_11e8_86bf_0ee09a5428a2row7_col0" class="data row7 col0" >-0.723836</td> </tr></tbody> </table>
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我确实花了一些时间来寻找模板在哪里,但在这里,link。
我相信这包括笔记本单元格输出的所有 CSS,因此您只需要与表格相关的部分(表格、thead、tbody、th 等)并根据自己的喜好调整它们。你仍然需要在 python 中打开它,但为了说明它的工作原理,这里是原始 HTML
<style type="text/css" >
table
border: none;
border-collapse: collapse;
border-spacing: 0;
color: black;
font-size: 12px;
table-layout: fixed;
thead
border-bottom: 1px solid black;
vertical-align: bottom;
tr, th, td
text-align: right;
vertical-align: middle;
padding: 0.5em 0.5em;
line-height: normal;
white-space: normal;
max-width: none;
border: none;
th
font-weight: bold;
tbody tr:nth-child(odd)
background: #f5f5f5;
tbody tr:hover
background: rgba(66, 165, 245, 0.2);
</style><table id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0d" ><thead> <tr> <th class="blank" ></th> <th class="blank level0" ></th> <th class="col_heading level0 col0" >0</th> </tr> <tr> <th class="index_name level0" >first</th> <th class="index_name level1" >second</th> <th class="blank" ></th> </tr></thead><tbody>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel0_row0" class="row_heading level0 row0" rowspan=2>bar</th>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row0" class="row_heading level1 row0" >one</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow0_col0" class="data row0 col0" >-0.466253</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row1" class="row_heading level1 row1" >two</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow1_col0" class="data row1 col0" >-0.579658</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel0_row2" class="row_heading level0 row2" rowspan=2>baz</th>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row2" class="row_heading level1 row2" >one</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow2_col0" class="data row2 col0" >1.868159</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row3" class="row_heading level1 row3" >two</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow3_col0" class="data row3 col0" >0.392282</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel0_row4" class="row_heading level0 row4" rowspan=2>foo</th>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row4" class="row_heading level1 row4" >one</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow4_col0" class="data row4 col0" >-2.427858</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row5" class="row_heading level1 row5" >two</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow5_col0" class="data row5 col0" >-0.813941</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel0_row6" class="row_heading level0 row6" rowspan=2>qux</th>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row6" class="row_heading level1 row6" >one</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow6_col0" class="data row6 col0" >0.110564</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<th id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0dlevel1_row7" class="row_heading level1 row7" >two</th>
<td id="T_32dd1d4a_f245_11ea_977b_005056813a0drow7_col0" class="data row7 col0" >0.834701</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
【讨论】:
看起来您忘记提及您在.less
文件中用 black
替换了 @rendered_html_border_color
。现在我可以粘贴相关的摘录,进行替换,效果很好。谢谢!【参考方案2】:
我对您的代码进行了一些更改以获得您想要的功能:
Pandas 数据帧使用两个特殊的 HTML 标签用于表格样式,即thead
用于标题,tbody
用于正文。我们可以使用它来将突出显示行为指定为仅正文
CSS 具有“偶数”和“奇数”属性,您可以使用它们为表格添加阴影效果。
为了使悬停与指定的背景阴影一起工作,必须最后而不是首先调用它
在 Jupyter Notebook 中:
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from IPython.display import HTML
def hover(hover_color="#add8e6"):
return dict(selector="tbody tr:hover",
props=[("background-color", "%s" % hover_color)])
styles = [
#table properties
dict(selector=" ",
props=[("margin","0"),
("font-family",'"Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif'),
("border-collapse", "collapse"),
("border","none"),
("border", "2px solid #ccf")
]),
#header color - optional
dict(selector="thead",
props=[("background-color","#cc8484")
]),
#background shading
dict(selector="tbody tr:nth-child(even)",
props=[("background-color", "#fff")]),
dict(selector="tbody tr:nth-child(odd)",
props=[("background-color", "#eee")]),
#cell spacing
dict(selector="td",
props=[("padding", ".5em")]),
#header cell properties
dict(selector="th",
props=[("font-size", "125%"),
("text-align", "center")]),
#caption placement
dict(selector="caption",
props=[("caption-side", "bottom")]),
#render hover last to override background-color
hover()
]
html = (df.style.set_table_styles(styles)
.set_caption("Hover to highlight."))
html
...但是当我们输出HTML文件时它仍然很漂亮吗?? 是的。你可以做更多的 CSS 样式来让它恰到好处(字体大小、字体系列、文本装饰、边距/填充等),但这给了你一个开始。见下文:
print(html.render())
<style type="text/css" >
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc
margin: 0;
font-family: "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: none;
border: 2px solid #ccf;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc thead
background-color: #cc8484;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc tbody tr:nth-child(even)
background-color: #fff;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc tbody tr:nth-child(odd)
background-color: #eee;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc td
padding: .5em;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc th
font-size: 125%;
text-align: center;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc caption
caption-side: bottom;
#T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc tbody tr:hover
background-color: #add8e6;
</style>
<table id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fc" ><caption>Hover to highlight.</caption>
<thead> <tr>
<th class="blank" ></th>
<th class="blank level0" ></th>
<th class="col_heading level0 col0" >0</th>
</tr> <tr>
<th class="index_name level0" >first</th>
<th class="index_name level1" >second</th>
<th class="blank" ></th>
</tr></thead>
<tbody> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel0_row0" class="row_heading level0 row0" rowspan=2>bar</th>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row0" class="row_heading level1 row0" >one</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow0_col0" class="data row0 col0" >-0.130634</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row1" class="row_heading level1 row1" >two</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow1_col0" class="data row1 col0" >1.17685</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel0_row2" class="row_heading level0 row2" rowspan=2>baz</th>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row2" class="row_heading level1 row2" >one</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow2_col0" class="data row2 col0" >0.500367</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row3" class="row_heading level1 row3" >two</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow3_col0" class="data row3 col0" >0.555932</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel0_row4" class="row_heading level0 row4" rowspan=2>foo</th>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row4" class="row_heading level1 row4" >one</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow4_col0" class="data row4 col0" >-0.744553</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row5" class="row_heading level1 row5" >two</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow5_col0" class="data row5 col0" >-1.41269</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel0_row6" class="row_heading level0 row6" rowspan=2>qux</th>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row6" class="row_heading level1 row6" >one</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow6_col0" class="data row6 col0" >0.726728</td>
</tr> <tr>
<th id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fclevel1_row7" class="row_heading level1 row7" >two</th>
<td id="T_3e73cfd2_396c_11e8_9d70_240a645b34fcrow7_col0" class="data row7 col0" >-0.683555</td>
</tr></tbody>
</table>
【讨论】:
非常感谢,这正是我想要的。以上是关于复制 Jupyter Notebook Pandas 数据框 HTML 打印输出的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
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