C# 自动完成
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【中文标题】C# 自动完成【英文标题】:C# AutoComplete 【发布时间】:2010-10-22 05:23:22 【问题描述】:我正在尝试向文本框添加自动完成功能,结果来自数据库。它们的格式为
[001] 最后,第一个中间
目前您必须输入 [001]... 才能显示条目。 所以问题是,即使我先输入名字,我也希望它完成。所以如果一个条目是
[001] 史密斯,约翰 D
如果我开始输入 John,那么此条目应该会显示在自动完成的结果中。
目前的代码看起来像
AutoCompleteStringCollection acsc = new AutoCompleteStringCollection();
txtBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource = acsc;
txtBox1.AutoCompleteMode = AutoCompleteMode.Suggest;
txtBox1.AutoCompleteSource = AutoCompleteSource.CustomSource;
....
if (results.Rows.Count > 0)
for (int i = 0; i < results.Rows.Count && i < 10; i++)
row = results.Rows[i];
acsc.Add(row["Details"].ToString());
results 是一个包含查询结果的数据集
查询是使用 like 语句的简单搜索查询。如果我们不使用自动完成功能并且只是将结果扔到一个数组中,则会返回正确的结果。
有什么建议吗?
编辑:
这是返回结果的查询
SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '0'
其中 0 是搜索字符串的占位符。
【问题讨论】:
乍一看还可以。查看更多代码会很有用,包括使用的查询和“id”的初始化(你有两个自动完成框吗?)。 好的,添加了对查询的编辑。我只使用 1 个自动完成框。该 ID 实际上从未在结果中使用,它被添加以供以后使用,因此我在此编辑中将其删除。很抱歉造成混乱。 有一个不错的免费 c# autocomplete control 可用 (with source code) 很容易修改。 【参考方案1】:这将为您提供您正在寻找的自动完成行为。
附上的例子是一个完整的工作表,只需要你的数据源和绑定的列名。
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
public partial class frmTestAutocomplete : Form
private DataTable maoCompleteList; //the data table from your data source
private string msDisplayCol = "name"; //displayed text
private string msIDcol = "id"; //ID or primary key
public frmTestAutocomplete(DataTable aoCompleteList, string sDisplayCol, string sIDcol)
InitializeComponent();
maoCompleteList = aoCompleteList
maoCompleteList.CaseSensitive = false; //turn off case sensitivity for searching
msDisplayCol = sDisplayCol;
msIDcol = sIDcol;
private void frmTestAutocomplete_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
testCombo.DisplayMember = msDisplayCol;
testCombo.ValueMember = msIDcol;
testCombo.DataSource = maoCompleteList;
testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged += testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged;
testCombo.KeyUp += testCombo_KeyUp;
private void testCombo_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
//use keyUp event, as text changed traps too many other evengts.
ComboBox oBox = (ComboBox)sender;
string sBoxText = oBox.Text;
DataRow[] oFilteredRows = maoCompleteList.Select(MC_DISPLAY_COL + " Like '%" + sBoxText + "%'");
DataTable oFilteredDT = oFilteredRows.Length > 0
? oFilteredRows.CopyToDataTable()
: maoCompleteList;
//NOW THAT WE HAVE OUR FILTERED LIST, WE NEED TO RE-BIND IT WIHOUT CHANGING THE TEXT IN THE ComboBox.
//1).UNREGISTER THE SELECTED EVENT BEFORE RE-BINDING, b/c IT TRIGGERS ON BIND.
testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged -= testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged; //don't select on typing.
oBox.DataSource = oFilteredDT; //2).rebind to filtered list.
testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged += testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged;
//3).show the user the new filtered list.
oBox.DroppedDown = true; //do this before repainting the text, as it changes the dropdown text.
//4).binding data source erases text, so now we need to put the user's text back,
oBox.Text = sBoxText;
oBox.SelectionStart = sBoxText.Length; //5). need to put the user's cursor back where it was.
private void testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
ComboBox oBox = (ComboBox)sender;
if (oBox.SelectedValue != null)
MessageBox.Show(string.Format(@"Item #0 was selected.", oBox.SelectedValue));
//=====================================================================================================
// code from frmTestAutocomplete.Designer.cs
//=====================================================================================================
partial class frmTestAutocomplete
/// <summary>
/// Required designer variable.
/// </summary>
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
/// <summary>
/// Clean up any resources being used.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
if (disposing && (components != null))
components.Dispose();
base.Dispose(disposing);
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
/// <summary>
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
/// </summary>
private void InitializeComponent()
this.testCombo = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// testCombo
//
this.testCombo.FormattingEnabled = true;
this.testCombo.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 51);
this.testCombo.Name = "testCombo";
this.testCombo.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(224, 21);
this.testCombo.TabIndex = 0;
//
// frmTestAutocomplete
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);
this.Controls.Add(this.testCombo);
this.Name = "frmTestAutocomplete";
this.Text = "frmTestAutocomplete";
this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.frmTestAutocomplete_Load);
this.ResumeLayout(false);
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox testCombo;
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:有两种方法在使用 SQL 的 autoComplete textBox 控件中成功:
但您应该执行以下操作:
a- 创建新项目
b-将组件类添加到项目并删除component1.designer“根据您给组件类的名称”
c-下载"Download sample - 144.82 KB" 并打开它并从 AutoCompleteTextbox.cs 打开 AutoCompleteTextbox 类 d- 选择所有如图所示并将其复制到当前组件类
http://i.stack.imgur.com/oSqCa.png
e- Final - 运行项目并停止以在 toolBox 中查看新的 AutoCompleteTextbox。
现在您可以添加以下两种方法,您可以使用它们来使用 SQL
1-在Form_Load中
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection(@"server=.;database=My_dataBase;integrated security=true");
SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT [MyColumn] FROM [my_table]", cn);
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
da.Fill(dt);
List<string> myList = new List<string>();
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
myList.Add((string)row[0]);
autoCompleteTextbox1.AutoCompleteList = myList;
2- 在 TextChanged 事件中
private void autoCompleteTextbox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection(@"server=.;database=My_dataBase;integrated security=true");
SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT [MyColumn] FROM [my_table]", cn);
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
da.Fill(dt);
List<string> myList = new List<string>();
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
myList.Add((string)row[0]);
autoCompleteTextbox2.AutoCompleteList = myList;
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:这是一个继承ComboBox
控件类的实现,而不是用新控件替换整个组合框。当您在文本框中键入时,它会显示自己的下拉列表,但单击以显示下拉列表的处理方式与以前一样(即不使用此代码)。因此,您可以获得适当的本机控制和外观。
如果您想改进它,请使用它,修改它并编辑答案!
class ComboListMatcher : ComboBox, IMessageFilter
private Control ComboParentForm; // Or use type "Form"
private ListBox listBoxChild;
private int IgnoreTextChange;
private bool MsgFilterActive = false;
public ComboListMatcher()
// Set up all the events we need to handle
TextChanged += ComboListMatcher_TextChanged;
SelectionChangeCommitted += ComboListMatcher_SelectionChangeCommitted;
LostFocus += ComboListMatcher_LostFocus;
MouseDown += ComboListMatcher_MouseDown;
HandleDestroyed += ComboListMatcher_HandleDestroyed;
void ComboListMatcher_HandleDestroyed(object sender, EventArgs e)
if (MsgFilterActive)
Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this);
~ComboListMatcher()
private void ComboListMatcher_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
HideTheList();
void ComboListMatcher_LostFocus(object sender, EventArgs e)
if (listBoxChild != null && !listBoxChild.Focused)
HideTheList();
void ComboListMatcher_SelectionChangeCommitted(object sender, EventArgs e)
IgnoreTextChange++;
void InitListControl()
if (listBoxChild == null)
// Find parent - or keep going up until you find the parent form
ComboParentForm = this.Parent;
if (ComboParentForm != null)
// Setup a messaage filter so we can listen to the keyboard
if (!MsgFilterActive)
Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
MsgFilterActive = true;
listBoxChild = listBoxChild = new ListBox();
listBoxChild.Visible = false;
listBoxChild.Click += listBox1_Click;
ComboParentForm.Controls.Add(listBoxChild);
ComboParentForm.Controls.SetChildIndex(listBoxChild, 0); // Put it at the front
void ComboListMatcher_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
if (IgnoreTextChange > 0)
IgnoreTextChange = 0;
return;
InitListControl();
if (listBoxChild == null)
return;
string SearchText = this.Text;
listBoxChild.Items.Clear();
// Don't show the list when nothing has been typed
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(SearchText))
foreach (string Item in this.Items)
if (Item != null && Item.Contains(SearchText, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
listBoxChild.Items.Add(Item);
if (listBoxChild.Items.Count > 0)
Point PutItHere = new Point(this.Left, this.Bottom);
Control TheControlToMove = this;
PutItHere = this.Parent.PointToScreen(PutItHere);
TheControlToMove = listBoxChild;
PutItHere = ComboParentForm.PointToClient(PutItHere);
TheControlToMove.Show();
TheControlToMove.Left = PutItHere.X;
TheControlToMove.Top = PutItHere.Y;
TheControlToMove.Width = this.Width;
int TotalItemHeight = listBoxChild.ItemHeight * (listBoxChild.Items.Count + 1);
TheControlToMove.Height = Math.Min(ComboParentForm.ClientSize.Height - TheControlToMove.Top, TotalItemHeight);
else
HideTheList();
/// <summary>
/// Copy the selection from the list-box into the combo box
/// </summary>
private void CopySelection()
if (listBoxChild.SelectedItem != null)
this.SelectedItem = listBoxChild.SelectedItem;
HideTheList();
this.SelectAll();
private void listBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
var ThisList = sender as ListBox;
if (ThisList != null)
// Copy selection to the combo box
CopySelection();
private void HideTheList()
if (listBoxChild != null)
listBoxChild.Hide();
public bool PreFilterMessage(ref Message m)
if (m.Msg == 0x201) // Mouse click: WM_LBUTTONDOWN
var Pos = new Point((int)(m.LParam.ToInt32() & 0xFFFF), (int)(m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16));
var Ctrl = Control.FromHandle(m.HWnd);
if (Ctrl != null)
// Convert the point into our parent control's coordinates ...
Pos = ComboParentForm.PointToClient(Ctrl.PointToScreen(Pos));
// ... because we need to hide the list if user clicks on something other than the list-box
if (ComboParentForm != null)
if (listBoxChild != null &&
(Pos.X < listBoxChild.Left || Pos.X > listBoxChild.Right || Pos.Y < listBoxChild.Top || Pos.Y > listBoxChild.Bottom))
this.HideTheList();
else if (m.Msg == 0x100) // WM_KEYDOWN
if (listBoxChild != null && listBoxChild.Visible)
switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
case 0x1B: // Escape key
this.HideTheList();
return true;
case 0x26: // up key
case 0x28: // right key
// Change selection
int NewIx = listBoxChild.SelectedIndex + ((m.WParam.ToInt32() == 0x26) ? -1 : 1);
// Keep the index valid!
if (NewIx >= 0 && NewIx < listBoxChild.Items.Count)
listBoxChild.SelectedIndex = NewIx;
return true;
case 0x0D: // return (use the currently selected item)
CopySelection();
return true;
return false;
【讨论】:
这并不“简单地”从 ComboBox 继承。它有几个问题:ComboParentForm = this.Parent();
应该是 this.Parent;
,ContainsNoCase
看起来像自定义扩展方法,IntEx.Limit
看起来像自定义帮助类。
感谢您指出这些 - 已相应更新。这更清楚吗? - 希望它有帮助/有帮助。
谢谢!这是我见过的最好的实现。我在代码中发现了一些问题,并且我对其进行了一些简化。 yadi.sk/i/SCrni3ZlqzoKr
a) 你需要两个 using 语句。 using System.Windows.Forms;
和 using System.Drawing;
一个用于例如ComboBox 和一个用于点 b) 这条线 if (Item != null && Item.Contains(SearchText, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
不起作用,没有包含这样的两个参数的方法。有一个包含一个参数,一个字符串。您可以使用if (Item != null && Item.ToLower().Contains(SearchText.ToLower()))
,它可能会按照您的意愿行事。
我有一个相当无知的问题。如何添加到列表中?【参考方案4】:
现有的自动完成功能仅支持按前缀搜索。似乎没有任何体面的方法来覆盖该行为。
有些人通过覆盖OnTextChanged
事件实现了自己的自动完成功能。这可能是你最好的选择。
例如,您可以在TextBox
下方添加ListBox
,并将其默认可见性设置为false。然后您可以使用TextBox
的OnTextChanged
事件和ListBox
的SelectedIndexChanged
事件来显示和选择项目。
作为一个基本示例,这似乎工作得很好:
public Form1()
InitializeComponent();
acsc = new AutoCompleteStringCollection();
textBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource = acsc;
textBox1.AutoCompleteMode = AutoCompleteMode.None;
textBox1.AutoCompleteSource = AutoCompleteSource.CustomSource;
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
acsc.Add("[001] some kind of item");
acsc.Add("[002] some other item");
acsc.Add("[003] an orange");
acsc.Add("[004] i like pickles");
void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
listBox1.Items.Clear();
if (textBox1.Text.Length == 0)
hideResults();
return;
foreach (String s in textBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource)
if (s.Contains(textBox1.Text))
Console.WriteLine("Found text in: " + s);
listBox1.Items.Add(s);
listBox1.Visible = true;
void listBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
textBox1.Text = listBox1.Items[listBox1.SelectedIndex].ToString();
hideResults();
void listBox1_LostFocus(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
hideResults();
void hideResults()
listBox1.Visible = false;
您可以轻松完成更多工作:将文本附加到文本框、捕获其他键盘命令等等。
【讨论】:
请记住,这意味着下拉菜单不能悬在窗体底部边缘下方。 丑。我正在查看这个问题的原因是我用组合替换了用户控件中的文本框/列表框解决方案,因为我遇到了无法悬垂表单底部的问题...【参考方案5】:如果您正在运行该查询(0
被输入的字符串替换),您可能需要:
SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '%0%'
LIKE
仍然需要 %
字符...是的,您应该使用参数而不是信任用户的输入 :)
此外,您似乎返回了Name
列,但查询的是Details
列。因此,如果有人输入“John Smith”,如果那不在 Details
列中,您将无法得到您想要的。
【讨论】:
我注意到您正在选择名称,但您正在查询详细信息 - 这不是问题吗? 啊,不,在发布问题时让我知道了名称更改。我只是更改了名称以使其更易于理解。以为我是一致的,但我会解决它。【参考方案6】:如果您决定使用基于用户输入的查询,请确保使用 SqlParameters 以避免 SQL 注入攻击
SqlCommand sqlCommand = new SqlCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '%" + @SearchParam + "%'";
sqlCommand.Parameters.AddWithValue("@SearchParam", searchParam);
【讨论】:
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