C# 自动完成

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【中文标题】C# 自动完成【英文标题】:C# AutoComplete 【发布时间】:2010-10-22 05:23:22 【问题描述】:

我正在尝试向文本框添加自动完成功能,结果来自数据库。它们的格式为

[001] 最后,第一个中间

目前您必须输入 [001]... 才能显示条目。 所以问题是,即使我先输入名字,我也希望它完成。所以如果一个条目是

[001] 史密斯,约翰 D

如果我开始输入 John,那么此条目应该会显示在自动完成的结果中。

目前的代码看起来像

AutoCompleteStringCollection acsc = new AutoCompleteStringCollection();
txtBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource = acsc;
txtBox1.AutoCompleteMode = AutoCompleteMode.Suggest; 
txtBox1.AutoCompleteSource = AutoCompleteSource.CustomSource; 

....

if (results.Rows.Count > 0)
    for (int i = 0; i < results.Rows.Count && i < 10; i++) 
    
        row = results.Rows[i];
        acsc.Add(row["Details"].ToString());
    

results 是一个包含查询结果的数据集

查询是使用 like 语句的简单搜索查询。如果我们不使用自动完成功能并且只是将结果扔到一个数组中,则会返回正确的结果。

有什么建议吗?

编辑:

这是返回结果的查询

SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '0'

其中 0 是搜索字符串的占位符。

【问题讨论】:

乍一看还可以。查看更多代码会很有用,包括使用的查询和“id”的初始化(你有两个自动完成框吗?)。 好的,添加了对查询的编辑。我只使用 1 个自动完成框。该 ID 实际上从未在结果中使用,它被添加以供以后使用,因此我在此编辑中将其删除。很抱歉造成混乱。 有一个不错的免费 c# autocomplete control 可用 (with source code) 很容易修改。 【参考方案1】:

这将为您提供您正在寻找的自动完成行为。

附上的例子是一个完整的工作表,只需要你的数据源和绑定的列名。

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;

public partial class frmTestAutocomplete : Form


    private DataTable maoCompleteList; //the data table from your data source
    private string msDisplayCol = "name"; //displayed text
    private string msIDcol = "id"; //ID or primary key

    public frmTestAutocomplete(DataTable aoCompleteList, string sDisplayCol, string sIDcol)
    
        InitializeComponent();

        maoCompleteList = aoCompleteList
        maoCompleteList.CaseSensitive = false; //turn off case sensitivity for searching
        msDisplayCol = sDisplayCol;
        msIDcol = sIDcol;
    

    private void frmTestAutocomplete_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    

            testCombo.DisplayMember = msDisplayCol;
            testCombo.ValueMember = msIDcol; 
            testCombo.DataSource = maoCompleteList;
            testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged += testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged;
            testCombo.KeyUp += testCombo_KeyUp; 

    


    private void testCombo_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
    
        //use keyUp event, as text changed traps too many other evengts.

        ComboBox oBox = (ComboBox)sender;
        string sBoxText = oBox.Text;

        DataRow[] oFilteredRows = maoCompleteList.Select(MC_DISPLAY_COL + " Like '%" + sBoxText + "%'");

        DataTable oFilteredDT = oFilteredRows.Length > 0
                                ? oFilteredRows.CopyToDataTable()
                                : maoCompleteList;

        //NOW THAT WE HAVE OUR FILTERED LIST, WE NEED TO RE-BIND IT WIHOUT CHANGING THE TEXT IN THE ComboBox.

        //1).UNREGISTER THE SELECTED EVENT BEFORE RE-BINDING, b/c IT TRIGGERS ON BIND.
        testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged -= testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged; //don't select on typing.
        oBox.DataSource = oFilteredDT; //2).rebind to filtered list.
        testCombo.SelectedIndexChanged += testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged;


        //3).show the user the new filtered list.
        oBox.DroppedDown = true; //do this before repainting the text, as it changes the dropdown text.

        //4).binding data source erases text, so now we need to put the user's text back,
        oBox.Text = sBoxText;
        oBox.SelectionStart = sBoxText.Length; //5). need to put the user's cursor back where it was.


    

    private void testCombo_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    

        ComboBox oBox = (ComboBox)sender;

        if (oBox.SelectedValue != null)
        
            MessageBox.Show(string.Format(@"Item #0 was selected.", oBox.SelectedValue));
        
    


//=====================================================================================================
//      code from frmTestAutocomplete.Designer.cs
//=====================================================================================================
partial class frmTestAutocomplete

    /// <summary>
    /// Required designer variable.
    /// </summary>
    private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

    /// <summary>
    /// Clean up any resources being used.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="disposing">true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.</param>
    protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
    
        if (disposing && (components != null))
        
            components.Dispose();
        
        base.Dispose(disposing);
    

    #region Windows Form Designer generated code

    /// <summary>
    /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
    /// the contents of this method with the code editor.
    /// </summary>
    private void InitializeComponent()
    
        this.testCombo = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
        this.SuspendLayout();
        // 
        // testCombo
        // 
        this.testCombo.FormattingEnabled = true;
        this.testCombo.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(27, 51);
        this.testCombo.Name = "testCombo";
        this.testCombo.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(224, 21);
        this.testCombo.TabIndex = 0;
        // 
        // frmTestAutocomplete
        // 
        this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F);
        this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
        this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);
        this.Controls.Add(this.testCombo);
        this.Name = "frmTestAutocomplete";
        this.Text = "frmTestAutocomplete";
        this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.frmTestAutocomplete_Load);
        this.ResumeLayout(false);

    

    #endregion

    private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox testCombo;

【讨论】:

【参考方案2】:

有两种方法在使用 SQL 的 autoComplete textBox 控件中成功:

但您应该执行以下操作:

a- 创建新项目

b-将组件类添加到项目并删除co​​mponent1.designer“根据您给组件类的名称”

c-下载"Download sample - 144.82 KB" 并打开它并从 AutoCompleteTextbox.cs 打开 AutoCompleteTextbox 类 d- 选择所有如图所示并将其复制到当前组件类

http://i.stack.imgur.com/oSqCa.png

e- Final - 运行项目并停止以在 toolBox 中查看新的 AutoCompleteTextbox。

现在您可以添加以下两种方法,您可以使用它们来使用 SQL

1-在Form_Load中

private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
              
   SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection(@"server=.;database=My_dataBase;integrated security=true");
   SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT [MyColumn] FROM [my_table]", cn);
   DataTable dt = new DataTable();
   da.Fill(dt);

   List<string> myList = new List<string>();
    foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
       
          myList.Add((string)row[0]);
       

   autoCompleteTextbox1.AutoCompleteList = myList;
      

2- 在 TextChanged 事件中

 private void autoCompleteTextbox_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
                   
         SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection(@"server=.;database=My_dataBase;integrated security=true");
         SqlDataAdapter da = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT [MyColumn] FROM [my_table]", cn);
         DataTable dt = new DataTable();
         da.Fill(dt);

     List<string> myList = new List<string>();
      foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
        
          myList.Add((string)row[0]);
        

   autoCompleteTextbox2.AutoCompleteList = myList;

    

【讨论】:

【参考方案3】:

这是一个继承ComboBox 控件类的实现,而不是用新控件替换整个组合框。当您在文本框中键入时,它会显示自己的下拉列表,但单击以显示下拉列表的处理方式与以前一样(即不使用此代码)。因此,您可以获得适当的本机控制和外观。

如果您想改进它,请使用它,修改它并编辑答案!

class ComboListMatcher : ComboBox, IMessageFilter

    private Control ComboParentForm; // Or use type "Form" 
    private ListBox listBoxChild;
    private int IgnoreTextChange;
    private bool MsgFilterActive = false;

    public ComboListMatcher()
    
        // Set up all the events we need to handle
        TextChanged += ComboListMatcher_TextChanged;
        SelectionChangeCommitted += ComboListMatcher_SelectionChangeCommitted;
        LostFocus += ComboListMatcher_LostFocus;
        MouseDown += ComboListMatcher_MouseDown;
        HandleDestroyed += ComboListMatcher_HandleDestroyed;
    

    void ComboListMatcher_HandleDestroyed(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
        if (MsgFilterActive)
            Application.RemoveMessageFilter(this);
    

    ~ComboListMatcher()
    
    

    private void ComboListMatcher_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
    
        HideTheList();
    

    void ComboListMatcher_LostFocus(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
        if (listBoxChild != null && !listBoxChild.Focused)
            HideTheList();
    

    void ComboListMatcher_SelectionChangeCommitted(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
        IgnoreTextChange++;
    

    void InitListControl()
    
        if (listBoxChild == null)
        
            // Find parent - or keep going up until you find the parent form
            ComboParentForm = this.Parent;

            if (ComboParentForm != null)
            
                // Setup a messaage filter so we can listen to the keyboard
                if (!MsgFilterActive)
                
                    Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
                    MsgFilterActive = true;
                

                listBoxChild = listBoxChild = new ListBox();
                listBoxChild.Visible = false;
                listBoxChild.Click += listBox1_Click;
                ComboParentForm.Controls.Add(listBoxChild);
                ComboParentForm.Controls.SetChildIndex(listBoxChild, 0); // Put it at the front
            
        
    


    void ComboListMatcher_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
        if (IgnoreTextChange > 0)
        
            IgnoreTextChange = 0;
            return;
        

        InitListControl();

        if (listBoxChild == null)
            return;

        string SearchText = this.Text;

        listBoxChild.Items.Clear();

        // Don't show the list when nothing has been typed
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(SearchText))
        
            foreach (string Item in this.Items)
            
                if (Item != null && Item.Contains(SearchText, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase))
                    listBoxChild.Items.Add(Item);
            
        

        if (listBoxChild.Items.Count > 0)
        
            Point PutItHere = new Point(this.Left, this.Bottom);
            Control TheControlToMove = this;

            PutItHere = this.Parent.PointToScreen(PutItHere);

            TheControlToMove = listBoxChild;
            PutItHere = ComboParentForm.PointToClient(PutItHere);

            TheControlToMove.Show();
            TheControlToMove.Left = PutItHere.X;
            TheControlToMove.Top = PutItHere.Y;
            TheControlToMove.Width = this.Width;

            int TotalItemHeight = listBoxChild.ItemHeight * (listBoxChild.Items.Count + 1);
            TheControlToMove.Height = Math.Min(ComboParentForm.ClientSize.Height - TheControlToMove.Top, TotalItemHeight);
        
        else
            HideTheList();
    

    /// <summary>
    /// Copy the selection from the list-box into the combo box
    /// </summary>
    private void CopySelection()
    
        if (listBoxChild.SelectedItem != null)
        
            this.SelectedItem = listBoxChild.SelectedItem;
            HideTheList();
            this.SelectAll();
        
    

    private void listBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
        var ThisList = sender as ListBox;

        if (ThisList != null)
        
            // Copy selection to the combo box
            CopySelection();
        
    

    private void HideTheList()
    
        if (listBoxChild != null)
            listBoxChild.Hide();
    

    public bool PreFilterMessage(ref Message m)
    
        if (m.Msg == 0x201) // Mouse click: WM_LBUTTONDOWN
        
            var Pos = new Point((int)(m.LParam.ToInt32() & 0xFFFF), (int)(m.LParam.ToInt32() >> 16));

            var Ctrl = Control.FromHandle(m.HWnd);
            if (Ctrl != null)
            
                // Convert the point into our parent control's coordinates ...
                Pos = ComboParentForm.PointToClient(Ctrl.PointToScreen(Pos));

                // ... because we need to hide the list if user clicks on something other than the list-box
                if (ComboParentForm != null)
                
                    if (listBoxChild != null &&
                        (Pos.X < listBoxChild.Left || Pos.X > listBoxChild.Right || Pos.Y < listBoxChild.Top || Pos.Y > listBoxChild.Bottom))
                    
                        this.HideTheList();
                    
                
            
        
        else if (m.Msg == 0x100) // WM_KEYDOWN
        
            if (listBoxChild != null && listBoxChild.Visible)
            
                switch (m.WParam.ToInt32())
                
                    case 0x1B: // Escape key
                        this.HideTheList();
                        return true;

                    case 0x26: // up key
                    case 0x28: // right key
                        // Change selection
                        int NewIx = listBoxChild.SelectedIndex + ((m.WParam.ToInt32() == 0x26) ? -1 : 1);

                        // Keep the index valid!
                        if (NewIx >= 0 && NewIx < listBoxChild.Items.Count)
                            listBoxChild.SelectedIndex = NewIx;
                        return true;

                    case 0x0D: // return (use the currently selected item)
                        CopySelection();
                        return true;
                
            
        

        return false;
    

【讨论】:

这并不“简单地”从 ComboBox 继承。它有几个问题:ComboParentForm = this.Parent(); 应该是 this.Parent;ContainsNoCase 看起来像自定义扩展方法,IntEx.Limit 看起来像自定义帮助类。 感谢您指出这些 - 已相应更新。这更清楚吗? - 希望它有帮助/有帮助。 谢谢!这是我见过的最好的实现。我在代码中发现了一些问题,并且我对其进行了一些简化。 yadi.sk/i/SCrni3ZlqzoKr a) 你需要两个 using 语句。 using System.Windows.Forms;using System.Drawing; 一个用于例如ComboBox 和一个用于点 b) 这条线 if (Item != null &amp;&amp; Item.Contains(SearchText, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)) 不起作用,没有包含这样的两个参数的方法。有一个包含一个参数,一个字符串。您可以使用if (Item != null &amp;&amp; Item.ToLower().Contains(SearchText.ToLower())),它可能会按照您的意愿行事。 我有一个相当无知的问题。如何添加到列表中?【参考方案4】:

现有的自动完成功能仅支持按前缀搜索。似乎没有任何体面的方法来覆盖该行为。

有些人通过覆盖OnTextChanged 事件实现了自己的自动完成功能。这可能是你最好的选择。

例如,您可以在TextBox 下方添加ListBox,并将其默认可见性设置为false。然后您可以使用TextBoxOnTextChanged 事件和ListBoxSelectedIndexChanged 事件来显示和选择项目。

作为一个基本示例,这似乎工作得很好:

public Form1()

    InitializeComponent();


    acsc = new AutoCompleteStringCollection();
    textBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource = acsc;
    textBox1.AutoCompleteMode = AutoCompleteMode.None;
    textBox1.AutoCompleteSource = AutoCompleteSource.CustomSource;


private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

    acsc.Add("[001] some kind of item");
    acsc.Add("[002] some other item");
    acsc.Add("[003] an orange");
    acsc.Add("[004] i like pickles");


void textBox1_TextChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    listBox1.Items.Clear();
    if (textBox1.Text.Length == 0)
    
    hideResults();
    return;
    

    foreach (String s in textBox1.AutoCompleteCustomSource)
    
    if (s.Contains(textBox1.Text))
    
        Console.WriteLine("Found text in: " + s);
        listBox1.Items.Add(s);
        listBox1.Visible = true;
    
    


void listBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    textBox1.Text = listBox1.Items[listBox1.SelectedIndex].ToString();
    hideResults();


void listBox1_LostFocus(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

    hideResults();


void hideResults()

    listBox1.Visible = false;

您可以轻松完成更多工作:将文本附加到文本框、捕获其他键盘命令等等。

【讨论】:

请记住,这意味着下拉菜单不能悬在窗体底部边缘下方。 丑。我正在查看这个问题的原因是我用组合替换了用户控件中的文本框/列表框解决方案,因为我遇到了无法悬垂表单底部的问题...【参考方案5】:

如果您正在运行该查询(0 被输入的字符串替换),您可能需要:

SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '%0%'

LIKE 仍然需要 % 字符...是的,您应该使用参数而不是信任用户的输入 :)

此外,您似乎返回了Name 列,但查询的是Details 列。因此,如果有人输入“John Smith”,如果那不在 Details 列中,您将无法得到您想要的。

【讨论】:

我注意到您正在选择名称,但您正在查询详细信息 - 这不是问题吗? 啊,不,在发布问题时让我知道了名称更改。我只是更改了名称以使其更易于理解。以为我是一致的,但我会解决它。【参考方案6】:

如果您决定使用基于用户输入的查询,请确保使用 SqlParameters 以避免 SQL 注入攻击

SqlCommand sqlCommand = new SqlCommand();
sqlCommand.CommandText = "SELECT Name from view_customers where Details LIKE '%" + @SearchParam + "%'";
sqlCommand.Parameters.AddWithValue("@SearchParam", searchParam);

【讨论】:

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