MySQL每隔两列获取前3行

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】MySQL每隔两列获取前3行

【英文标题】：MySQL get every first 3 rows for every two other columns

【发布时间】：2021-01-18 00:45:55

【问题描述】：

我想要在mysql 中实现的目标如下：

我有一个table，其中包含以下数据：

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS my_table;

CREATE TABLE my_table
(a CHAR(1) NOT NULL
,b CHAR(1) NOT NULL
,factor INT NOT NULL
,PRIMARY KEY(a,b,factor)
);

INSERT INTO my_table VALUES
('A','X',90), -- should be included
('A','X',80), -- should be included
('A','X',70), -- should be included
('A','X',60), -- should NOT be included
('A','Y',70), -- should be included
('A','Y',60), -- should be included
('A','Y',50), -- should be included
('A','Y',40); -- should NOT be included

我希望我的查询返回每个 column_a 和 column_b 组合的前三行。这样最高的 3 行因子将保留。

+---+---+--------+
| a | b | factor |
+---+---+--------+
| A | X |     90 |
| A | X |     80 |
| A | X |     70 |
| A | Y |     70 |
| A | Y |     60 |
| A | Y |     50 |
+---+---+--------+

我已经找到了this 解决方案，但是这个解决方案只适用于一列而不是两列。

有什么想法吗？

【问题讨论】：

行是如何排序的？如何确定该行是第 1 行、第 2 行、....？记住 - 占有命令是不安全的。

您好，第一次订购 = column_a ASC, column_b ASC, factor DESC

【参考方案1】：

对于 MySQL 8.0 之前的版本...

SELECT x.*
  FROM my_table x 
  JOIN my_table y 
    ON y.a = x.a 
   AND y.b = x.b 
   AND y.factor >= x.factor 
 GROUP 
    BY x.a
     , x.b
     , x.factor 
HAVING COUNT(*) <= 3 
 ORDER 
    BY a
     , b
     , factor DESC;

...下次请看：Why should I provide an MCRE for what seems to me to be a very simple SQL query?

【参考方案2】：

WITH cte AS ( SELECT *, 
                     ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( PARTITION BY column_a, column_b 
                                         ORDER BY  factor DESC ) rn
              FROM table )
SELECT column_a, column_b, factor
FROM cte 
WHERE rn <= 3;