如何在单个 SELECT 语句中拥有多个公用表表达式？

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】如何在单个 SELECT 语句中拥有多个公用表表达式？

【英文标题】：How can I have multiple common table expressions in a single SELECT statement?

【发布时间】：2010-10-09 17:10:56

【问题描述】：

我正在简化一个复杂的选择语句，所以我想我会使用公用表表达式。

声明单个 cte 可以正常工作。

WITH cte1 AS (
    SELECT * from cdr.Location
    )

select * from cte1 

是否可以在同一个 SELECT 中声明和使用多个 cte？

即这条sql报错

WITH cte1 as (
    SELECT * from cdr.Location
)

WITH cte2 as (
    SELECT * from cdr.Location
)

select * from cte1    
union     
select * from cte2

错误是

Msg 156, Level 15, State 1, Line 7
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'WITH'.
Msg 319, Level 15, State 1, Line 7
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'with'. If this statement is a common table expression, an xmlnamespaces clause or a change tracking context clause, the previous statement must be terminated with a semicolon.

注意。我试过把分号放进去，得到这个错误

Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 5
Incorrect syntax near ';'.
Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 9
Incorrect syntax near ';'.

可能不相关，但这是在 SQL 2008 上。

【参考方案1】：

我认为应该是这样的：

WITH 
    cte1 as (SELECT * from cdr.Location),
    cte2 as (SELECT * from cdr.Location)
select * from cte1 union select * from cte2

基本上，WITH 在这里只是一个子句，和其他包含列表的子句一样，"," 是适当的分隔符。

【讨论】：

太棒了。我一直在用 CTE 的结果填充临时表并稍后组合，但是在打包到存储过程中时遇到了分号问题。不错的方法！

别忘了cte2 可以像这样引用cte1： ... cte2 as (SELECT * FROM cte1 WHERE ...)

英雄！这让我难倒了好几个小时

声明递归和非递归表达式怎么样？

【参考方案2】：

上面的答案是对的：

WITH 
    cte1 as (SELECT * from cdr.Location),
    cte2 as (SELECT * from cdr.Location)
select * from cte1 union select * from cte2

此外，您还可以从 cte2 中的 cte1 查询：

WITH 
    cte1 as (SELECT * from cdr.Location),
    cte2 as (SELECT * from cte1 where val1 = val2)

select * from cte1 union select * from cte2

val1,val2 只是表达式的假设..

希望这个博客也能有所帮助： http://iamfixed.blogspot.de/2017/11/common-table-expression-in-sql-with.html

【讨论】：

声明递归和非递归表达式怎么样？