从命令行执行 mysql 只列出参数/变量的概述
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【中文标题】从命令行执行 mysql 只列出参数/变量的概述【英文标题】：Executing mysql from command line just listing overview of arguments/variables 【发布时间】：2013-06-10 02:52:06 【问题描述】：在 OS X 上的 XAMPP 中，我在 ~/.profile 中设置了我的环境路径，以便我可以在命令行中使用 mysql。这似乎工作正常，因为键入 mysql 会启动 mysql CLI。但是，当我尝试从文件执行数据库导入时，我只会列出所有 mysql 选项。我以前没有遇到过这个问题 - 有人知道可能是什么问题吗？
例如
mysql -h localhost -u my_db_usr -p password my_db < db.sql
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.1.44, for apple-darwin8.11.1 (i386) using EditLine wrapper
Copyright 2000-2008 MySQL AB, 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL license
Usage: mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
-?, --help Display this help and exit.
-I, --help Synonym for -?
--auto-rehash Enable automatic rehashing. One doesn't need to use
'rehash' to get table and field completion, but startup
and reconnecting may take a longer time. Disable with
--disable-auto-rehash.
-A, --no-auto-rehash
No automatic rehashing. One has to use 'rehash' to get
table and field completion. This gives a quicker start of
mysql and disables rehashing on reconnect.
-B, --batch Don't use history file. Disable interactive behavior.
(Enables --silent)
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory where character sets are.
--column-type-info Display column type information.
-c, --comments Preserve comments. Send comments to the server. The
default is --skip-comments (discard comments), enable
with --comments
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
-#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit.
-T, --debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
-D, --database=name Database to use.
--default-character-set=name
Set the default character set.
--delimiter=name Delimiter to be used.
-e, --execute=name Execute command and quit. (Disables --force and history
file)
-E, --vertical Print the output of a query (rows) vertically.
-f, --force Continue even if we get an sql error.
-G, --named-commands
Enable named commands. Named commands mean this program's
internal commands; see mysql> help . When enabled, the
named commands can be used from any line of the query,
otherwise only from the first line, before an enter.
Disable with --disable-named-commands. This option is
disabled by default.
-g, --no-named-commands
Named commands are disabled. Use \* form only, or use
named commands only in the beginning of a line ending
with a semicolon (;) Since version 10.9 the client now
starts with this option ENABLED by default! Disable with
'-G'. Long format commands still work from the first
line. WARNING: option deprecated; use
--disable-named-commands instead.
-i, --ignore-spaces Ignore space after function names.
--local-infile Enable/disable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE.
-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.
-h, --host=name Connect to host.
-H, --html Produce HTML output.
-X, --xml Produce XML output
--line-numbers Write line numbers for errors.
-L, --skip-line-numbers
Don't write line number for errors.
-n, --unbuffered Flush buffer after each query.
--column-names Write column names in results.
-N, --skip-column-names
Don't write column names in results.
-O, --set-variable=name
Change the value of a variable. Please note that this
option is deprecated; you can set variables directly with
--variable-name=value.
--sigint-ignore Ignore SIGINT (CTRL-C)
-o, --one-database Only update the default database. This is useful for
skipping updates to other database in the update log.
--pager[=name] Pager to use to display results. If you don't supply an
option the default pager is taken from your ENV variable
PAGER. Valid pagers are less, more, cat [> filename],
etc. See interactive help (\h) also. This option does not
work in batch mode. Disable with --disable-pager. This
option is disabled by default.
--no-pager Disable pager and print to stdout. See interactive help
(\h) also. WARNING: option deprecated; use
--disable-pager instead.
-p, --password[=name]
Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
not given it's asked from the tty.
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/services, built-in default (3306).
--prompt=name Set the mysql prompt to this value.
--protocol=name The protocol of connection (tcp,socket,pipe,memory).
-q, --quick Don't cache result, print it row by row. This may slow
down the server if the output is suspended. Doesn't use
history file.
-r, --raw Write fields without conversion. Used with --batch.
--reconnect Reconnect if the connection is lost. Disable with
--disable-reconnect. This option is enabled by default.
-s, --silent Be more silent. Print results with a tab as separator,
each row on new line.
-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection.
-t, --table Output in table format.
--tee=name Append everything into outfile. See interactive help (\h)
also. Does not work in batch mode. Disable with
--disable-tee. This option is disabled by default.
--no-tee Disable outfile. See interactive help (\h) also. WARNING:
option deprecated; use --disable-tee instead
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
-U, --safe-updates Only allow UPDATE and DELETE that uses keys.
-U, --i-am-a-dummy Synonym for option --safe-updates, -U.
-v, --verbose Write more. (-v -v -v gives the table output format).
-V, --version Output version information and exit.
-w, --wait Wait and retry if connection is down.
--connect_timeout=# Number of seconds before connection timeout.
--max_allowed_packet=#
Max packet length to send to, or receive from server
--net_buffer_length=#
Buffer for TCP/IP and socket communication
--select_limit=# Automatic limit for SELECT when using --safe-updates
--max_join_size=# Automatic limit for rows in a join when using
--safe-updates
--secure-auth Refuse client connecting to server if it uses old
(pre-4.1.1) protocol
--server-arg=name Send embedded server this as a parameter.
--show-warnings Show warnings after every statement.
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysql client
The following options may be given as the first argument:
--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit
--no-defaults Don't read default options from any options file
--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #
--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read
Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options FALSE|TRUE Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- -----------------------------
auto-rehash FALSE
character-sets-dir (No default value)
column-type-info FALSE
comments FALSE
compress FALSE
debug-check FALSE
debug-info FALSE
database (No default value)
default-character-set latin1
delimiter ;
vertical FALSE
force FALSE
named-commands FALSE
ignore-spaces FALSE
local-infile FALSE
no-beep FALSE
host localhost
html FALSE
xml FALSE
line-numbers TRUE
unbuffered FALSE
column-names TRUE
sigint-ignore FALSE
port 3306
prompt mysql>
quick FALSE
raw FALSE
reconnect FALSE
socket /Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/var/mysql/mysql.sock
table FALSE
user magento_db
safe-updates FALSE
i-am-a-dummy FALSE
connect_timeout 0
max_allowed_packet 16777216
net_buffer_length 16384
select_limit 1000
max_join_size 1000000
secure-auth FALSE
show-warnings FALSE
【问题讨论】：
尝试从命令中省略密码值，以便它提示您输入，即。mysql -h localhost -u username -p dbname < dbfile.sql
【参考方案1】：
如mysql Options 中所述（强调添加）：
--password[=<strong><em>password</em></strong>],-p[<strong><em>password</em></strong>]连接到服务器时使用的密码。 如果您使用短选项形式 (
-p)，您不能在选项和密码之间有空格。如果您省略 @ 987654329@ 值在命令行上的--password或-p选项之后，mysql 提示输入一个。在命令行上指定密码应该被认为是不安全的。见Section 6.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”。您可以使用选项文件来避免在命令行上提供密码。
【讨论】：
另外，谢谢 - 正如上面对 prodigitalson 的评论，我最初在 -p 和密码之间没有空格。但按照你的建议工作【参考方案2】：尝试在命令中省略密码值，以便它提示您输入，即。
mysql -h localhost -u username -p dbname < dbfile.sql
如果您直接提供密码，我总是看到它没有空格，如 -pthepassword 或长选择形式 --password=thepassword
【讨论】：
谢谢 - 现在工作。问题是，我最初在 -p 和密码之间没有空格，我尝试使用和不使用空格并得到相同的结果。奇怪 - 但是，现在排序:)以上是关于从命令行执行 mysql 只列出参数/变量的概述的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章