使用 ggplot2 创建条形图并按多个值拆分条形？

Posted 2023-02-16

【中文标题】使用 ggplot2 创建条形图并按多个值拆分条形？

【英文标题】：Creating a bar chart using ggplot2 and splitting bars by multiple values?

【发布时间】：2022-01-13 07:17:18

【问题描述】：

我有一个看起来像这样的数据集

Telangiectasia_time      grade0 grade1 grade2 gradeNA
  <chr>                     <int>  <int>  <int>   <int>
1 telangiectasia_tumour_0    2039     14      2       4
2 telangiectasia_tumour_1    2007      9      1      42
3 telangiectasia_tumour_12   1807     32      3     217
4 telangiectasia_tumour_24   1666     77      5     311

我想在 x 轴上绘制毛细血管扩张，因此有 4 个条形对应于毛细血管扩张_肿瘤_0、毛细血管扩张_肿瘤_1、毛细血管扩张_肿瘤_12、毛细血管扩张_肿瘤_24。我希望条形图通过 y 轴上的数字拆分。例如。对于 telangiectasia_tumour_0，0 级块是 2039，1 级是 14 等等......

我已经尝试了以下代码：

ggplot(telangiectasia_tumour_data, aes(x=Telangiectasia_time)) + geom_bar(position = "stack") +theme_minimal() 

但是，我只得到 4 个大条，每个条的总数 (2059)。但我希望根据成绩来拆分这些条。

【参考方案1】：

样本数据：

data=data.frame("Telangiectasia_time" = c("telangiectasia_tumour_0", "telangiectasia_tumour_1", "telangiectasia_tumour_12", "telangiectasia_tumour_24"),
    "value"= c(2039, 2007, 1807, 1666, 14, 9, 32, 77, 2,1,3,5, 2, 42, 217, 311),
    "grade" = c("grade0", "grade0", "grade0", "grade0", "grade1", "grade1", "grade1", "grade1",
               "grade2", "grade2", "grade2", "grade2", "gradeNA", "gradeNA", "gradeNA" ,"gradeNA" ))

绘制数据：

ggplot(data, aes(Telangiectasia_time, y=value, x= Telangiectasia_time, fill=grade)) +
 # labs(x="", y="", )
  geom_bar(stat="identity")+
  labs(x="Telangiectasia_time", y="value", title="", fill="Grades") +         
  theme_bw()+
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5,  face="bold", size=20, color="black")) + 
  theme(axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"))+
  theme(axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"))+
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black", angle=30) )+
  theme(axis.text.y = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black") )+
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
  theme(legend.title = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
        legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 14,face="bold"),
        legend.position="right",
        plot.title = element_text())

或facet_wrap()

data$Telangiectasia_time<-as.factor(data$Telangiectasia_time)

ggplot(data, aes(Telangiectasia_time, y=value, x= "", fill=grade)) +
  geom_bar(stat="identity")+
  facet_wrap(~Telangiectasia_time)+
  labs(x="", y="value", title="", fill="Grades") +         
  theme_bw()+
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5,  face="bold", size=20, color="black")) + 
  theme(axis.title.x = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"))+
  theme(axis.title.y = element_text(family="Times", face="bold", size=16, color="black"))+
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black", angle=30) )+
  theme(axis.text.y = element_text( hjust = 1,  face="bold", size=14, color="black") )+
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
  theme(legend.title = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 16,face="bold"),
        legend.text = element_text(family="Times", color = "black", size = 14,face="bold"),
        legend.position="right",
        plot.title = element_text())+
theme(strip.text.x = element_text(size = 16, colour = "black",family="Times"))

【参考方案2】：

您需要将成绩收集到名称：值对中，然后按名称分组，如下所示：

data %>%
  pivot_longer(cols = starts_with('grade')) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = Telangiectasia_time, y = value, fill = name)) +
    geom_bar(stat = 'identity') +
    theme_minimal()

【参考方案3】：

问题是您没有以可识别的方式对 ggplot 数据进行分组 当我想做这种事情时，我在 ggplot 中使用填充或分组，它可以识别不同的类别（在这种情况下是成绩）。为了让它工作，我也重新组织了你的数据

您可能必须将值转换为类数字才能正常工作

 Telangiectasia_time <- c("telangiectasia_tumour_0", "telangiectasia_tumour_1", "telangiectasia_tumour_12", "telangiectasia_tumour_24")

value <- c(2039, 2007, 1807, 1666, 14, 9, 32, 77, 2,1,3,5, 2, 42, 217, 311)
grade <- c("grade0", "grade0", "grade0", "grade0", "grade1", "grade1", "grade1", "grade1",
           "grade2", "grade2", "grade2", "grade2", "gradeNA", "gradeNA", "gradeNA" ,"gradeNA" )

data <- cbind(Telangiectasia_time, value, grade) %>% as.data.frame()

barplot <- data %>% ggplot(aes(Telangiectasia_time, value, fill = grade)) +
  geom_bar(stat="identity", position="stack")