如何在 laravel 中备份/导出连接的数据库 database.sql 文件？

Posted 2023-02-24

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【中文标题】如何在 laravel 中备份/导出连接的数据库 database.sql 文件？【英文标题】：How to backup/export the connected Database database.sql file in laravel? 【发布时间】：2020-02-01 01:26:13 【问题描述】：

我已查看此问题的所有可用主题，但没有得到任何准确的答案... 有人有明确的想法将当前数据库备份到 .sql 文件中并下载吗？

【问题讨论】：

使用您的数据库编辑器（mysqlWorkBench、phpMyAdmin 等）并进行导出。转到 phpMyAdmin，单击导出，然后转到。您将在.sql 文件中获取您的数据库。如果您有兴趣，还有一个很棒的package by spatie。可以很容易地自动化和转储文件夹。数据库将从数据库管理面板中导出，例如从phpmyadmin 选择数据库然后导出数据库，您将获得所需的格式选择选项，然后导出。 【参考方案1】：

// 代码

public function our_backup_database()

        //ENTER THE RELEVANT INFO BELOW
        $mysqlHostName      = env('DB_HOST');
        $mysqlUserName      = env('DB_USERNAME');
        $mysqlPassword      = env('DB_PASSWORD');
        $DbName             = env('DB_DATABASE');
        $backup_name        = "mybackup.sql";
        $tables             = array("users","messages","posts"); //here your tables...

        $connect = new \PDO("mysql:host=$mysqlHostName;dbname=$DbName;charset=utf8", "$mysqlUserName", "$mysqlPassword",array(\PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => "SET NAMES 'utf8'"));
        $get_all_table_query = "SHOW TABLES";
        $statement = $connect->prepare($get_all_table_query);
        $statement->execute();
        $result = $statement->fetchAll();


        $output = '';
        foreach($tables as $table)
        
         $show_table_query = "SHOW CREATE TABLE " . $table . "";
         $statement = $connect->prepare($show_table_query);
         $statement->execute();
         $show_table_result = $statement->fetchAll();

         foreach($show_table_result as $show_table_row)
         
          $output .= "\n\n" . $show_table_row["Create Table"] . ";\n\n";
         
         $select_query = "SELECT * FROM " . $table . "";
         $statement = $connect->prepare($select_query);
         $statement->execute();
         $total_row = $statement->rowCount();

         for($count=0; $count<$total_row; $count++)
         
          $single_result = $statement->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
          $table_column_array = array_keys($single_result);
          $table_value_array = array_values($single_result);
          $output .= "\nINSERT INTO $table (";
          $output .= "" . implode(", ", $table_column_array) . ") VALUES (";
          $output .= "'" . implode("','", $table_value_array) . "');\n";
         
        
        $file_name = 'database_backup_on_' . date('y-m-d') . '.sql';
        $file_handle = fopen($file_name, 'w+');
        fwrite($file_handle, $output);
        fclose($file_handle);
        header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
        header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
        header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=' . basename($file_name));
        header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
        header('Expires: 0');
        header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate');
           header('Pragma: public');
           header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file_name));
           ob_clean();
           flush();
           readfile($file_name);
           unlink($file_name);

// 路由

Route::get('/our_backup_database', 'YourControllerController@our_backup_database')->name('our_backup_database');

//查看

        <form action=" route('our_backup_database') " method="get">
            <button style="submit" class="btn btn-primary"> download</button>
        </form>

【讨论】：

感谢您的好主意，我已经修改了您上面的代码以使用 Laravel 现有的数据库连接，如果未安装，则无需重新输入凭据或使用 PDO 扩展（在我的情况下它不是t) 先生，这可以正常离线工作。但在网上它不起作用【参考方案2】：

我已经调整了@Abdelhakim Ezzahouri 的代码，使用 Laravel 与 DB 的现有连接，而不是再次连接、输入凭据和安装 PDO（如果尚未安装）。

Route::get('db_dump', function () 
    /*
    Needed in SQL File:

    SET GLOBAL sql_mode = '';
    SET SESSION sql_mode = '';
    */
    $get_all_table_query = "SHOW TABLES";
    $result = DB::select(DB::raw($get_all_table_query));

    $tables = [
        'admins',
        'migrations',
    ];

    $structure = '';
    $data = '';
    foreach ($tables as $table) 
        $show_table_query = "SHOW CREATE TABLE " . $table . "";

        $show_table_result = DB::select(DB::raw($show_table_query));

        foreach ($show_table_result as $show_table_row) 
            $show_table_row = (array)$show_table_row;
            $structure .= "\n\n" . $show_table_row["Create Table"] . ";\n\n";
        
        $select_query = "SELECT * FROM " . $table;
        $records = DB::select(DB::raw($select_query));

        foreach ($records as $record) 
            $record = (array)$record;
            $table_column_array = array_keys($record);
            foreach ($table_column_array as $key => $name) 
                $table_column_array[$key] = '`' . $table_column_array[$key] . '`';
            

            $table_value_array = array_values($record);
            $data .= "\nINSERT INTO $table (";

            $data .= "" . implode(", ", $table_column_array) . ") VALUES \n";

            foreach($table_value_array as $key => $record_column)
                $table_value_array[$key] = addslashes($record_column);

            $data .= "('" . implode("','", $table_value_array) . "');\n";
        
    
    $file_name = __DIR__ . '/../database/database_backup_on_' . date('y_m_d') . '.sql';
    $file_handle = fopen($file_name, 'w + ');

    $output = $structure . $data;
    fwrite($file_handle, $output);
    fclose($file_handle);
    echo "DB backup ready";
);

【讨论】：

添加 wordwrap() 以像这样包装数据：$data .= "('" . wordwrap(implode("','", $table_value_array),400,"\n",TRUE) . "');\n";。如果数据过长超过了一行的限制，当您尝试将其导入数据库时，它将被截断并导致错误【参考方案3】：

Route::get('/backupdb', function () 
    $DbName             = env('DB_DATABASE');
    $get_all_table_query = "SHOW TABLES ";
    $result = DB::select(DB::raw($get_all_table_query));

    $prep = "Tables_in_$DbName";
    foreach ($result as $res)
        $tables[] =  $res->$prep;
    



    $connect = DB::connection()->getPdo();

    $get_all_table_query = "SHOW TABLES";
    $statement = $connect->prepare($get_all_table_query);
    $statement->execute();
    $result = $statement->fetchAll();


    $output = '';
    foreach($tables as $table)
    
        $show_table_query = "SHOW CREATE TABLE " . $table . "";
        $statement = $connect->prepare($show_table_query);
        $statement->execute();
        $show_table_result = $statement->fetchAll();

        foreach($show_table_result as $show_table_row)
        
            $output .= "\n\n" . $show_table_row["Create Table"] . ";\n\n";
        
        $select_query = "SELECT * FROM " . $table . "";
        $statement = $connect->prepare($select_query);
        $statement->execute();
        $total_row = $statement->rowCount();

        for($count=0; $count<$total_row; $count++)
        
            $single_result = $statement->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
            $table_column_array = array_keys($single_result);
            $table_value_array = array_values($single_result);
            $output .= "\nINSERT INTO $table (";
            $output .= "" . implode(", ", $table_column_array) . ") VALUES (";
            $output .= "'" . implode("','", $table_value_array) . "');\n";
        
    
    $file_name = 'database_backup_on_' . date('y-m-d') . '.sql';
    $file_handle = fopen($file_name, 'w+');
    fwrite($file_handle, $output);
    fclose($file_handle);
    header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
    header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
    header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=' . basename($file_name));
    header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
    header('Expires: 0');
    header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate');
    header('Pragma: public');
    header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file_name));
    ob_clean();
    flush();
    readfile($file_name);
    unlink($file_name);

);

【讨论】：

请修正代码格式并解释为什么您的答案与上述其他人不同且更好，并且投票率更高我喜欢这个答案的地方在于它实际上导出了所有表，而不仅仅是@Amins 答案中的两个常量表。【参考方案4】：

最佳解决方案之一

首先在本地服务器上安装 spatie https://spatie.be/docs/laravel-backup/v6/installation-and-setup

现在检查备份是否工作php artisan backup:run

如果备份成功，那么你也可以在 cpanel 上为这个 go ro app/Console/Kernal.php 注册这个命令

 protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
 
     $schedule->command('backup:run')->everyMinute();

现在打开您的 cpanel 并打开 cron 作业并在那里注册此命令

/usr/local/bin/php /home/replaceyourdirectoryname/public_html/artisan backup:run > /dev/null 2>&1

现在您可以成功地在实时服务器上进行备份

现在可以在 clcik 上下载

<a href=" route('download') " class="btn btn-sm btn-primary"><i class="fa fa-download"></i>Download Backup</a>

注册路由Route::get('/download/','DownloadController@download')->name('download');

最后是控制器

<?php
 namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan;
 class DownloadController extends Controller


 public function download()

     Artisan::call('backup:run');
     $path = storage_path('app/laravel-backup/*');
     $latest_ctime = 0;
     $latest_filename = '';
     $files = glob($path);
     foreach($files as $file)
     
             if (is_file($file) && filectime($file) > $latest_ctime)
             
                     $latest_ctime = filectime($file);
                     $latest_filename = $file;
             
     
     return response()->download($latest_filename);

【讨论】：

【参考方案5】：

感谢@Abdelhakim Ezzahraoui 提供的解决方案。我刚刚更改了一些代码。所以在这里你可以备份所有表。但是如果你想要具体的，那么你可以设置那个表名。

function backupDatabase()
   
       //ENTER THE RELEVANT INFO BELOW
       $mysqlHostName      = env('DB_HOST');
       $mysqlUserName      = env('DB_USERNAME');
       $mysqlPassword      = env('DB_PASSWORD');
       $DbName             = env('DB_DATABASE');
       $file_name = 'database_backup_on_' . date('y-m-d') . '.sql';


       $queryTables = \DB::select(\DB::raw('SHOW TABLES'));
        foreach ( $queryTables as $table )
        
            foreach ( $table as $tName)
            
                $tables[]= $tName ;
            
        
      // $tables  = array("users","products","categories"); //here your tables...

       $connect = new \PDO("mysql:host=$mysqlHostName;dbname=$DbName;charset=utf8", "$mysqlUserName", "$mysqlPassword",array(\PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND => "SET NAMES 'utf8'"));
       $get_all_table_query = "SHOW TABLES";
       $statement = $connect->prepare($get_all_table_query);
       $statement->execute();
       $result = $statement->fetchAll();
       $output = '';
       foreach($tables as $table)
       
           $show_table_query = "SHOW CREATE TABLE " . $table . "";
           $statement = $connect->prepare($show_table_query);
           $statement->execute();
           $show_table_result = $statement->fetchAll();

           foreach($show_table_result as $show_table_row)
           
               $output .= "\n\n" . $show_table_row["Create Table"] . ";\n\n";
           
           $select_query = "SELECT * FROM " . $table . "";
           $statement = $connect->prepare($select_query);
           $statement->execute();
           $total_row = $statement->rowCount();

           for($count=0; $count<$total_row; $count++)
           
               $single_result = $statement->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
               $table_column_array = array_keys($single_result);
               $table_value_array = array_values($single_result);
               $output .= "\nINSERT INTO $table (";
               $output .= "" . implode(", ", $table_column_array) . ") VALUES (";
               $output .= "'" . implode("','", $table_value_array) . "');\n";
           
       

       $file_handle = fopen($file_name, 'w+');
       fwrite($file_handle, $output);
       fclose($file_handle);
       header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
       header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
       header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=' . basename($file_name));
       header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
       header('Expires: 0');
       header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate');
       header('Pragma: public');
       header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file_name));
       ob_clean();
       flush();
       readfile($file_name);
       unlink($file_name);

【讨论】：

【参考方案6】：

如果您想即时下载备份，请在备份内容后使用此代码。

$headers = [
        'Content-Disposition' => sprintf('attachment; filename="%s"', 'backup.sql'),
    ];

    return response()->make($output, 200, $headers);

【讨论】：

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