django.db.utils.OperationalError：无法连接到服务器：没有这样的文件或目录

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】django.db.utils.OperationalError：无法连接到服务器：没有这样的文件或目录

【英文标题】：django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory

【发布时间】：2015-12-24 15:30:50

【问题描述】：

我在settings.py中的数据库设置如下

DATABASES = 
    'default': 
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'dbname',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
        'HOST': '',
        'PORT':'8081',
    

但是当运行 python manage.py migrate 我收到错误 django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 119, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 176, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 164, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, async=async)
psycopg2.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
    Is the server running locally and accepting
    connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.8081"?


The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 93, in handle
    executor = MigrationExecutor(connection, self.migration_progress_callback)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 19, in __init__
    self.loader = MigrationLoader(self.connection)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 47, in __init__
    self.build_graph()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/loader.py", line 182, in build_graph
    self.applied_migrations = recorder.applied_migrations()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 59, in applied_migrations
    self.ensure_schema()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/recorder.py", line 49, in ensure_schema
    if self.Migration._meta.db_table in self.connection.introspection.table_names(self.connection.cursor()):
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 162, in cursor
    cursor = self.make_debug_cursor(self._cursor())
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 135, in _cursor
    self.ensure_connection()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 658, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 130, in ensure_connection
    self.connect()
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 119, in connect
    self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql_psycopg2/base.py", line 176, in get_new_connection
    connection = Database.connect(**conn_params)
  File "/home/vivekpradhan/joker/basket/local/lib/python3.4/site-packages/psycopg2/__init__.py", line 164, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, async=async)
django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
    Is the server running locally and accepting
    connections on Unix domain socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.8081"?

任何帮助都会有所帮助，在此先感谢 我正在开发一个 ubantu 操作系统。

【问题讨论】：

您确定postresql 正在您的服务器上运行吗？

不确定。我是 django 新手，第一次将我的 db 设置从 sqllite 更改为 postgresql。

您可能应该在您的设备上安装并运行 postgresql 服务器。

我已经安装好了

【参考方案1】：

这些步骤对我有用 如果有，请停用 virtualenv。

pyenv 停用

安装所需的库。

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev python-dev

安装 PostgreSQL。

sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib

启动 psql shell。

sudo -u postgres psql

通过输入以下命令设置 postgres 用户密码，系统将在 psql shell 中提示您输入密码。完成后按 Control + D 退出。

\密码postgres

创建一个名为 django_user 的新数据库用户。

`

sudo -u postgres createuser django_user

再次进入 psql shell。

sudo -u postgres psql

创建数据库并将其命名为 django_db。

创建数据库 django_db;

设置 django_user 的密码。

ALTER USER django_user WITH PASSWORD '';

正确授予权限。

将数据库 django_db 上的所有权限授予 django_user；

退出 psql shell 并激活 virtualenv。

pyenv 激活

安装 psycopg2 包。

pip 安装 psycopg2

如下编辑 Django 项目 settings.py。

数据库 = '默认'： '引擎': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2', 'NAME': 'django_db', '用户': 'django_user', '密码'： ''， '主机'：'本地主机'， '端口'：'5432'，

初始化数据库。

python manage.py 迁移

启动 Django 项目，看看是否一切正常。

python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

完成 =)

【参考方案2】：

看起来 PostgreSQL 根本没有运行。尝试运行

sudo service postgresql start

【讨论】：

你是怎么安装的？

"pip install psycopg2" in my virtualenv

您需要安装实际的 Postgresql 服务器。 Psycopg2 只是一个 Python 适配器，可帮助您连接到它。请尝试help.ubuntu.com/community/PostgreSQL 获取安装指南。