使用 South 在 Heroku 上设置 Django 时遇到问题 - 不断出现 ProgrammingError：关系不存在

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】使用 South 在 Heroku 上设置 Django 时遇到问题 - 不断出现 ProgrammingError：关系不存在

【英文标题】：Trouble getting Django set up on Heroku using South - keep getting ProgrammingError: relation does not exist

【发布时间】：2014-04-09 18:29:16

【问题描述】：

这就是我一直在做的：

本地 - 我有一个全新的 postgres 数据库，以及来自两个不同应用程序的两个 models.py 文件：

python manage.py syncdb
python manage.py schemamigration api --initial
python manage.py schemamigration extapi --initial
python manage.py migrate api 0001 --fake
python manage.py migrate extapi 0001 --fake

这很好用，我可以很好地向数据库添加内容。

然后，当推送到 Heroku 时，我已经创建了一个空应用程序：

git add .
git commit -m "Ready to go to Heroku"
git push heroku master
heroku run python manage.py syncdb

输出如下：

Running `python manage.py syncdb` attached to terminal... up, run.9548
Syncing...
Creating tables ...
Creating table django_admin_log
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table south_migrationhistory

# create superuser prompt...
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

Synced:
 > django.contrib.admin
 > django.contrib.auth
 > django.contrib.contenttypes
 > django.contrib.sessions
 > django.contrib.messages
 > django.contrib.staticfiles
 > south
 > rest_framework

Not synced (use migrations):
 - api
 - extapi

然后我尝试使用heroku run python manage.py migrate 迁移这些应用程序并收到此错误：

Running `python manage.py migrate` attached to terminal... up, run.3724
Running migrations for api:
 - Migrating forwards to 0001_initial.
 > api:0001_initial
FATAL ERROR - The following SQL query failed: ALTER TABLE "api_song" ADD CONSTRAINT "summary_id_refs_id_36bb6e06" FOREIGN KEY ("summary_id") REFERENCES "extapi_summary" ("id") DEFERRABLE INITIALLY DEFERRED;
The error was: relation "extapi_summary" does not exist

Error in migration: api:0001_initial
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/management/commands/migrate.py", line 111, in handle
    ignore_ghosts = ignore_ghosts,
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/__init__.py", line 220, in migrate_app
    success = migrator.migrate_many(target, workplan, database)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/migrators.py", line 254, in migrate_many
    result = migrator.__class__.migrate_many(migrator, target, migrations, database)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/migrators.py", line 329, in migrate_many
    result = self.migrate(migration, database)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/migrators.py", line 133, in migrate
    result = self.run(migration, database)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/migrators.py", line 114, in run
    return self.run_migration(migration, database)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/migration/migrators.py", line 85, in run_migration
    south.db.db.execute_deferred_sql()
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/db/generic.py", line 318, in execute_deferred_sql
    self.execute(sql)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/south/db/generic.py", line 282, in execute
    cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 53, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 99, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
  File "/app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/util.py", line 53, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "extapi_summary" does not exist

对我来说，看起来这些表甚至都没有被创建，但我不知道为什么没有。当我运行heroku run python manage.py sqlall 时，它说一切都已完成，但随后我查看了数据库本身（heroku 在 s3 上创建的那个），app_one 和 app_two 什么都没有。同样，这一切都在本地完美运行，只是当它在 heroku 上运行时，事情就崩溃了。

【问题讨论】：

如果你运行./manage.py migrate extapi然后./manage.py migrate会发生什么？

我在运行heroku run ./manage.py migrate extapi 后得到django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: relation "api_userprofile" does not exist。目前在 extapi.models 的顶部有一个 from api.models import UserProfile 导入。将尝试改变进口......

【参考方案1】：

有一个循环导入应该通过推迟创建 api_userprofile 来处理，但由于 South 处理事务的方式，它会中断。

所以！完成这项工作的最简单方法是让 syncdb 生成所有表并伪造迁移：

python manage.py syncdb --all

这让我们明白了：

Synced:
 > django.contrib.admin
 > django.contrib.auth
 > django.contrib.contenttypes
 > django.contrib.sessions
 > django.contrib.messages
 > django.contrib.staticfiles
 > api
 > extapi
 > moodranker
 > recommender
 > south
 > rest_framework

Not synced (use migrations):
 - 

然后伪造迁移：

python manage.py migrate --fake

【讨论】：

我也必须这样做；但奇怪的是我不得不多次运行syncdb，直到一切都解决了。然后我跑了假货。有点吓人:)

【参考方案2】：

删除您的迁移文件夹，然后执行

python manage.py makemigrations appname

python manage.py migrate --run-syncdb

python manage.py migrate --fake appname