Django项目重组：无法导入应用程序

Posted 2023-02-24

【中文标题】Django项目重组：无法导入应用程序

【英文标题】：Django project restructure: Can't import app

【发布时间】：2017-09-23 02:13:49

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试重组我的项目，以匹配最新的两勺 Django 书籍（适用于 Django 1.11）中的建议。

完成重组后，我的应用无法导入。

secureDash_project
    ├── README.rst
    ├── config
    │   ├── __init__.py
    │   ├── __pycache__
    │   ├── db.sqlite3
    │   ├── settings
    │   │   ├── __init__.py
    │   │   ├── __pycache__
    │   │   └── settings.py
    │   ├── urls.py
    │   └── wsgi.py
    ├── db.sqlite3
    ├── manage.py
    ├── requirements.txt
    └── secureDash
        ├── __init__.py
        ├── __pycache__
        ├── dash
        │   ├── __init__.py
        │   ├── __pycache__
        │   ├── admin.py
        │   ├── apps.py
        │   ├── forms.py
        │   ├── migrations
        │   │   └── __init__.py
        │   ├── models.py
        │   ├── tests.py
        │   ├── urls.py
        │   └── views.py
        └── templates
            └── dash

settings.py 摘录：

...
import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(
    os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
ENV_PATH = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'secureDash.dash.apps.DashConfig',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # 'django_static_jquery',
    # 'bootstrap3',
] ...

运行时

python3 manage.py runserver --settings=config.settings.settings

我明白了：

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x1076b0d08>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 113, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 249, in raise_last_exception
    six.reraise(*_exception)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 226, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 27, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 85, in populate
    app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 142, in create
    app_module = import_module(app_name)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python3/3.5.2_3/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 956, in _find_and_load_unlocked
ImportError: No module named 'dash'

secureDash.dash.apps.DashConfig：

from django.apps import AppConfig


class DashConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'dash'

【问题讨论】：

你试过用secureDash.dash替换secureDash.dash.apps.DashConfig吗？

不。不过那行得通。你能帮我理解为什么会这样吗？

django 查找您的 apps 根目录。所以在这种情况下，它是secureDash/dash/ 文件夹。之后它会寻找views.py 和urls.py 来配置它。

@kiran.koduru，这是正确的答案并且描述得很好。请您将其添加为答案吗？

@EminMastizada 完成！

【参考方案1】：

在INSTALLED_APPS 中将secureDash.dash.apps.DashConfig 替换为secureDash.dash 应该可以解决此问题。

【讨论】：

***.com/a/46178088/5180047对此有更好的回答