脚本突然停止爬行,没有错误或异常
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【中文标题】脚本突然停止爬行,没有错误或异常【英文标题】:Script Suddenly Stops Crawling Without Error or Exception 【发布时间】:2019-03-12 12:37:00 【问题描述】:我不知道为什么,但我的脚本在到达page 9 时总是停止爬行。没有错误、异常或警告,所以我有点不知所措。
有人可以帮帮我吗?
附: Here is the full script in case anybody wants to test it for themselves!
def initiate_crawl():
def refresh_page(url):
ff = create_webdriver_instance()
ff.get(url)
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="FilterItemView_sortOrder_dropdown"]/div/span[2]/span/span/span/span').click()
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[contains(text(), "Discount - High to Low")]').click()
items = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//div[contains(@id, "100_dealView_")]'))
)
print(len(items))
for count, item in enumerate(items):
slashed_price = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/span[contains(@class, "a-text-strike")]')
active_deals = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/*[contains(text(), "Add to Cart")]')
if len(slashed_price) > 0 and len(active_deals) > 0:
product_title = item.find_element(By.ID, 'dealTitle').text
if product_title not in already_scraped_product_titles:
already_scraped_product_titles.append(product_title)
url = ff.current_url
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
break
if count+1 is len(items):
try:
next_button = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→')
)
ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→').click()
url = ff.current_url
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
except Exception as error:
print(error)
ff.quit()
refresh_page('https://www.amazon.ca/gp/goldbox/ref=gbps_ftr_s-3_4bc8_dct_10-?gb_f_c2xvdC0z=sortOrder:BY_SCORE,discountRanges:10-25%252C25-50%252C50-70%252C70-&pf_rd_p=f5836aee-0969-4c39-9720-4f0cacf64bc8&pf_rd_s=slot-3&pf_rd_t=701&pf_rd_i=gb_main&pf_rd_m=A3DWYIK6Y9EEQB&pf_rd_r=CQ7KBNXT36G95190QJB1&ie=UTF8')
initiate_crawl()
打印items
的长度也会引发一些奇怪的行为。它不是总是返回 32,这将对应于每页上的项目数,而是在第一页打印 32
,在第二页打印 64
,在第三页打印 96
,依此类推。我通过使用//div[contains(@id, "100_dealView_")]/div[contains(@class, "dealContainer")]
而不是//div[contains(@id, "100_dealView_")]
作为items
变量的XPath 解决了这个问题。我希望这就是它在第 9 页遇到问题的原因。我现在正在运行测试。 更新:现在正在抓取第 10 页及以后,因此问题已解决。
【问题讨论】:
你监控爬取过程了吗?第9页还有“更多”之类的按钮吗? @jihan1008 一切都受到监控。我检查了 xpath,一切,似乎没有任何问题 你能检查不同的浏览器版本吗 我无法让你的脚本运行,但似乎在某些时候你得到了长度为 0 的项目,因此枚举循环没有发生。尝试在循环之前打印项目的长度,看看在代码结束之前会发生什么。 @AndrewMcDowell 好主意!我在 pt,我相信它一定在剧本的其他地方。我目前设置了一堆time.sleep(n)
s 并用它进行测试。之后我会打印长度!感谢您的输入
【参考方案1】:
根据你的10th revision这个问题的错误信息...
HTTPConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=58992): Max retries exceeded with url: /session/e8beed9b-4faa-4e91-a659-56761cb604d7/element (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x0000022D31378A58>: Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it'))
...暗示 get()
方法未能引发 HTTPConnectionPool 错误并显示消息 Max retries exceeded。
有几点:
根据max-retries-exceeded exceptions are confusing 的讨论,traceback 有点误导。 Requests 包装了异常以方便用户使用。原始异常是显示的消息的一部分。
请求从不重试(它将retries=0
设置为urllib3 的HTTPConnectionPool
),因此如果没有MaxRetryError 和HTTPConnectionPool 关键字,错误会更加规范。所以理想的 Traceback 应该是:
NewConnectionError(<class 'socket.error'>: [Errno 10061] No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it)
你会在MaxRetryError: HTTPConnectionPool: Max retries exceeded (Caused by ProtocolError('Connection aborted.', error(111, 'Connection refused')))找到详细的解释
解决方案
根据 Selenium 3.14.1 的发行说明:
* Fix ability to set timeout for urllib3 (#6286)
合并是:repair urllib3 can't set timeout!
结论
升级到 Selenium 3.14.1 后,您将能够设置超时并查看规范 Tracebacks 并能够采取必要的措施。
参考文献
一些相关的参考资料:
Adding max_retries as an argument Removed the bundled charade and urllib3. Third party libraries committed verbatim这个用例
我已从codepen.io - A PEN BY Anthony 获取了您的完整脚本。我不得不对您现有的代码进行一些调整,如下所示:
如你所用:
ua_string = random.choice(ua_strings)
您必须强制将random
导入为:
import random
您已创建变量next_button,但尚未使用它。我总结了以下四行:
next_button = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→')
)
ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→').click()
作为:
WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→'))
ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→').click()
您修改后的代码块将是:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import time
import random
""" Set Global Variables
"""
ua_strings = ['Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (Khtml, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36']
already_scraped_product_titles = []
""" Create Instances of WebDriver
"""
def create_webdriver_instance():
ua_string = random.choice(ua_strings)
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference('general.useragent.override', ua_string)
options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
return webdriver.Firefox(profile)
""" Construct List of UA Strings
"""
def fetch_ua_strings():
ff = create_webdriver_instance()
ff.get('https://techblog.willshouse.com/2012/01/03/most-common-user-agents/')
ua_strings_ff_eles = ff.find_elements_by_xpath('//td[@class="useragent"]')
for ua_string in ua_strings_ff_eles:
if 'mobile' not in ua_string.text and 'Trident' not in ua_string.text:
ua_strings.append(ua_string.text)
ff.quit()
""" Log in to Amazon to Use SiteStripe in order to Generate Affiliate Links
"""
def log_in(ff):
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[@id="nav-link-yourAccount"] | //a[@id="nav-link-accountList"]').click()
ff.find_element(By.ID, 'ap_email').send_keys('anthony_falez@hotmail.com')
ff.find_element(By.ID, 'continue').click()
ff.find_element(By.ID, 'ap_password').send_keys('lo0kyLoOkYig0t4h')
ff.find_element(By.NAME, 'rememberMe').click()
ff.find_element(By.ID, 'signInSubmit').click()
""" Build Lists of Product Page URLs
"""
def initiate_crawl():
def refresh_page(url):
ff = create_webdriver_instance()
ff.get(url)
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="FilterItemView_sortOrder_dropdown"]/div/span[2]/span/span/span/span').click()
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[contains(text(), "Discount - High to Low")]').click()
items = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//div[contains(@id, "100_dealView_")]'))
)
for count, item in enumerate(items):
slashed_price = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/span[contains(@class, "a-text-strike")]')
active_deals = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/*[contains(text(), "Add to Cart")]')
# For Groups of Items on Sale
# active_deals = //*[contains(text(), "Add to Cart") or contains(text(), "View Deal")]
if len(slashed_price) > 0 and len(active_deals) > 0:
product_title = item.find_element(By.ID, 'dealTitle').text
if product_title not in already_scraped_product_titles:
already_scraped_product_titles.append(product_title)
url = ff.current_url
# Scrape Details of Each Deal
#extract(ff, item.find_element(By.ID, 'dealImage').get_attribute('href'))
print(product_title[:10])
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
break
if count+1 is len(items):
try:
print('')
print('new page')
WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→'))
ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→').click()
time.sleep(10)
url = ff.current_url
print(url)
print('')
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
except Exception as error:
"""
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="pagination-both-004143081429407891"]/ul/li[9]/a').click()
url = ff.current_url
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
"""
print('cannot find ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "Next?")')
print('Because of... '.format(error))
ff.quit()
refresh_page('https://www.amazon.ca/gp/goldbox/ref=gbps_ftr_s-3_4bc8_dct_10-?gb_f_c2xvdC0z=sortOrder:BY_SCORE,discountRanges:10-25%252C25-50%252C50-70%252C70-&pf_rd_p=f5836aee-0969-4c39-9720-4f0cacf64bc8&pf_rd_s=slot-3&pf_rd_t=701&pf_rd_i=gb_main&pf_rd_m=A3DWYIK6Y9EEQB&pf_rd_r=CQ7KBNXT36G95190QJB1&ie=UTF8')
#def extract_info(ff, url):
fetch_ua_strings()
initiate_crawl()
控制台输出:使用 Selenium v3.14.0 和 Firefox Quantum v62.0.3,我可以在控制台上提取以下输出:
J.Rosée Si
B.Catcher
Bluetooth4
FRAM G4164
Major Crim
20% off Oh
True Blood
Prime-Line
Marathon 3
True Blood
B.Catcher
4 Film Fav
True Blood
Texture Pa
Westinghou
True Blood
ThermoPro
...
...
...
注意:我可以优化您的代码并执行相同的网页抓取操作来初始化Firefox浏览器客户端 仅一次并遍历各种产品及其详细信息。但为了保持您的逻辑和创新,我建议进行最小限度的更改以帮助您完成。
【讨论】:
我的问题中的HTTPConnectionPool
错误是异常值。该脚本运行良好,直到它在第 9 页突然停止,没有错误或异常。我设置但没有使用next_button
的唯一原因是因为我试图解决这个问题,认为这可能与它有关,并且从未重置它。这里的问题/问题是为什么它在完成第 9 页后停止抓取/抓取?
哦,也许这就是我从不重置它的原因。 WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→')).click()
返回一个不可点击的 bool object
。你的代码有错误
@Anthony 根据您的观察,我在解决方案中做了一些小的修改。我可以优化您的代码并执行相同的web 抓取,只打开一次Firefox 浏览器客户端 并遍历各种产品。但是为了保持你的逻辑和创新,我建议你做一些最小的改变来让你通过。请您尝试更新的解决方案并告诉我状态好吗?
实际上我几天前就自己解决了这个问题。为了清楚起见,我已经更新了我的问题并再次更新了它。是的,我不使用单个实例遍历网站,而是创建多个实例是有特定原因的。虽然现在我想起来了,使用ff.back()
功能甚至可能不需要创建新实例,但它仍然肯定要简单得多。当我有空闲时间时,我会读你的答案!感谢您尝试解决我的问题
【参考方案2】:
我稍微调整了代码,它似乎可以工作。变化:
import random
语句,因为它已被使用,没有它就无法运行。
在product_title
循环内,这些行被删除:
ff.quit()
、refresh_page(url)
和 break
ff.quit()
语句会导致致命(连接)错误,从而导致脚本中断。
还将is
更改为==
为if count + 1 == len(item):
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import time
import random
""" Set Global Variables
"""
ua_strings = ['Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3440.106 Safari/537.36']
already_scraped_product_titles = []
""" Create Instances of WebDriver
"""
def create_webdriver_instance():
ua_string = random.choice(ua_strings)
profile = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
profile.set_preference('general.useragent.override', ua_string)
options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
return webdriver.Firefox(profile)
""" Construct List of UA Strings
"""
def fetch_ua_strings():
ff = create_webdriver_instance()
ff.get('https://techblog.willshouse.com/2012/01/03/most-common-user-agents/')
ua_strings_ff_eles = ff.find_elements_by_xpath('//td[@class="useragent"]')
for ua_string in ua_strings_ff_eles:
if 'mobile' not in ua_string.text and 'Trident' not in ua_string.text:
ua_strings.append(ua_string.text)
ff.quit()
""" Build Lists of Product Page URLs
"""
def initiate_crawl():
def refresh_page(url):
ff = create_webdriver_instance()
ff.get(url)
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="FilterItemView_sortOrder_dropdown"]/div/span[2]/span/span/span/span').click()
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//a[contains(text(), "Discount - High to Low")]').click()
items = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.visibility_of_all_elements_located((By.XPATH, '//div[contains(@id, "100_dealView_")]'))
)
print(items)
for count, item in enumerate(items):
slashed_price = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/span[contains(@class, "a-text-strike")]')
active_deals = item.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/*[contains(text(), "Add to Cart")]')
# For Groups of Items on Sale
# active_deals = //*[contains(text(), "Add to Cart") or contains(text(), "View Deal")]
if len(slashed_price) > 0 and len(active_deals) > 0:
product_title = item.find_element(By.ID, 'dealTitle').text
if product_title not in already_scraped_product_titles:
already_scraped_product_titles.append(product_title)
url = ff.current_url
# Scrape Details of Each Deal
#extract(ff, item.find_element(By.ID, 'dealImage').get_attribute('href'))
print(product_title[:10])
# This ff.quit()-line breaks connection which breaks things.:
#ff.quit()
# And why
#refresh_page(url)
#break
# 'is' tests for object equality; == tests for value equality:
if count+1 == len(items):
try:
print('')
print('new page')
next_button = WebDriverWait(ff, 15).until(
EC.text_to_be_present_in_element((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→'), 'Next→')
)
ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, 'Next→').click()
time.sleep(3)
url = ff.current_url
print(url)
print('')
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
except Exception as error:
"""
ff.find_element(By.XPATH, '//*[@id="pagination-both-004143081429407891"]/ul/li[9]/a').click()
url = ff.current_url
ff.quit()
refresh_page(url)
"""
print('cannot find ff.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, "Next→")')
print('Because of... '.format(error))
ff.quit()
refresh_page('https://www.amazon.ca/gp/goldbox/ref=gbps_ftr_s-3_4bc8_dct_10-?gb_f_c2xvdC0z=sortOrder:BY_SCORE,discountRanges:10-25%252C25-50%252C50-70%252C70-&pf_rd_p=f5836aee-0969-4c39-9720-4f0cacf64bc8&pf_rd_s=slot-3&pf_rd_t=701&pf_rd_i=gb_main&pf_rd_m=A3DWYIK6Y9EEQB&pf_rd_r=CQ7KBNXT36G95190QJB1&ie=UTF8')
#def extract_info(ff, url):
fetch_ua_strings()
initiate_crawl()
【讨论】:
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