按元素名称组合/合并列表
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【中文标题】按元素名称组合/合并列表【英文标题】:Combine/merge lists by elements names 【发布时间】:2013-09-03 12:59:51 【问题描述】:我有两个列表,其元素的名称部分重叠,我需要将它们逐个元素合并/组合成一个列表:
> lst1 <- list(integers=c(1:7), letters=letters[1:5],
words=c("two", "strings"))
> lst2 <- list(letters=letters[1:10], booleans=c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE),
words=c("another", "two"), floats=c(1.2, 2.4, 3.8, 5.6))
> lst1
$integers
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
$letters
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e"
$words
[1] "two" "strings"
> lst2
$letters
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
$booleans
[1] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
$words
[1] "another" "two"
$floats
[1] 1.2 2.4 3.8 5.6
我尝试使用mapply,它基本上按索引组合两个列表(即:“[[”),而我需要按名称组合它们(即:“$”)。此外,由于列表具有不同的长度,因此应用了回收规则(结果相当不可预测)。
> mapply(c, lst1, lst2)
$integers
[1] "1" "2" "3" "4" "5" "6" "7" "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
$letters
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "TRUE" "TRUE" "FALSE" "TRUE"
$words
[1] "two" "strings" "another" "two"
$<NA>
[1] 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 1.2 2.4 3.8 5.6
Warning message:
In mapply(c, lst1, lst2) :
longer argument not a multiple of length of shorter
如你所想,我正在寻找的是:
$integers
[1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
$letters
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
$words
[1] "two" "strings" "another" "two"
$booleans
[1] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
$floats
[1] 1.2 2.4 3.8 5.6
有什么方法可以实现吗? 谢谢!
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:我将添加我自己的基于tapply
函数的解决方案。
lst1 <- list(integers=c(1:7), letters=letters[1:5],
words=c("two", "strings"))
lst2 <- list(letters=letters[1:10], booleans=c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE),
words=c("another", "two"), floats=c(1.2, 2.4, 3.8, 5.6))
binded <- c(lst1, lst2) # and for list of lists Reduce("c", list(lst1, lst2))
tapply(binded, names(binded), function(x) unlist(x, FALSE, FALSE)) # double false for better performance
【讨论】:
【参考方案2】:flodel's answertidyverse
用户的更新:
list1 <- list(integers=c(1:7), letters=letters[1:5],
words=c("two", "strings"))
list2 <- list(letters=letters[1:10], booleans=c(TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE),
words=c("another", "two"), floats=c(1.2, 2.4, 3.8, 5.6))
input_list <- list(list1, list2, list1, list2)
我们希望为输出列表中的每个元素精确地复制原始所需的输出两次。使用map2
和reduce
,我们可以比涉及do.call
、mapply
和lapply
的基本R
解决方案更清晰地实现这一点。首先,我们使用c()
声明一个通过命名元素组合两个列表的函数,然后我们通过reduce
在输入列表上调用我们的函数:
library(purrr)
cat_lists <- function(list1, list2)
keys <- unique(c(names(list1), names(list2)))
map2(list1[keys], list2[keys], c) %>%
set_names(keys)
combined_output <- reduce(input_list, cat_lists)
这给了我们想要的东西:
> combined_output
#> $integers
#> [1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
#>
#> $letters
#> [1] "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j" "a" "b"
#> [18] "c" "d" "e" "a" "b" "c" "d" "e" "f" "g" "h" "i" "j"
#>
#> $words
#> [1] "two" "strings" "another" "two" "two" "strings" "another"
#> [8] "two"
#>
#> $booleans
#> [1] TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE FALSE TRUE
#>
#> $floats
#> [1] 1.2 2.4 3.8 5.6 1.2 2.4 3.8 5.6
【讨论】:
【参考方案3】:我也用grep
,不知道是更好,最差,还是等价的!p>
l_tmp <- c(lst1, lst2, lst1)
keys = unique(names(l_tmp))
l = sapply(keys, function(name) unlist(l_tmp[grep(name, names(l_tmp))]))
【讨论】:
【参考方案4】:你可以这样做:
keys <- unique(c(names(lst1), names(lst2)))
setNames(mapply(c, lst1[keys], lst2[keys]), keys)
对任意数量的列表进行泛化需要do.call
和lapply
的混合:
l <- list(lst1, lst2, lst1)
keys <- unique(unlist(lapply(l, names)))
setNames(do.call(mapply, c(FUN=c, lapply(l, `[`, keys))), keys)
【讨论】:
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