UIStackView 中的 UILabel 中的 CAGradientLayer

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】UIStackView 中的 UILabel 中的 CAGradientLayer

【英文标题】：CAGradientLayer in UILabel in UIStackView

【发布时间】：2021-05-06 12:10:41

【问题描述】：

这是 tableHeaderView 的自定义 UIView 子类。

我目前正在尝试将渐变添加到垂直 UIStackView 中的 UILabel。即使在 RTL 语言中，它在没有渐变的情况下也能很好地工作（移动到右侧），但是一旦我添加渐变，gradientView 的 maskView 的标签就会完全脱离它的位置。这里是更好理解的代码：

- (instancetype)initWithTitle:(NSString *)title subtitle:(NSString *)subtitle colors:(NSArray<UIColor *> *)colors 
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.superview.frame.size.width, 200)]) 
        // Labels
        UILabel *titleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
        titleLabel.text = title;
        titleLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:42.f];
        titleLabel.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakByWordWrapping;
        [titleLabel sizeToFit];

        UILabel *subtitleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
        subtitleLabel.text = subtitle;
        subtitleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:24.f];
        subtitleLabel.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakByWordWrapping;
        [subtitleLabel sizeToFit];

        // Create gradient
        CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
        gradient.frame = titleLabel.bounds;
        NSMutableArray *cgcolors = [NSMutableArray new];
        for (int i = 0; i < colors.count; i++) 
            cgcolors[i] = (id)colors[i].CGColor;
        
        gradient.colors = cgcolors;
        gradient.locations = @[@0, @1];
        
        UIView *gradientView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:titleLabel.bounds];
        [gradientView.layer addSublayer:gradient];
        [gradientView addSubview:titleLabel];
        gradientView.maskView = titleLabel;

        // Stack
        UIStackView *stackView = [[UIStackView alloc] initWithArrangedSubviews:@[gradientView, subtitleLabel]];
        stackView.alignment = UIStackViewAlignmentLeading;
        stackView.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxisVertical;
        stackView.distribution = UIStackViewDistributionEqualCentering;
        stackView.spacing = 0;
        stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
        [self addSubview:stackView];

        [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[
            [stackView.leadingAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.leadingAnchor constant:25],
            [stackView.centerYAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.centerYAnchor],
            [stackView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.height + subtitleLabel.frame.size.height]
        ]];
    

    return self;

使用 LTR 语言，看起来不错，但是使用 RTL 语言，包含 titleLabel 的 gradientView 的 frame 无缘无故变成了 [width of subtitleLabel], 0, 0, 0。原因是渐变视图，因为没有它可以正常工作，但我找不到原因。

我尝试了titleLabel.layer.mask，将渐变块放在最后，但没有任何效果。

编辑： 工作代码：

- (instancetype)initWithTitle:(NSString *)title subtitle:(NSString *)subtitle colors:(NSArray<__kindof UIColor *> *)colors 
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.superview.frame.size.width, 200)]) 
        // Labels
        UILabel *titleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
        titleLabel.text = title;
        titleLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:42.f];
        titleLabel.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakByWordWrapping;
        [titleLabel sizeToFit];

        UILabel *subtitleLabel = [[UILabel alloc] init];
        subtitleLabel.text = subtitle;
        subtitleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:24.f];
        subtitleLabel.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakByWordWrapping;
        [subtitleLabel sizeToFit];

        // Create gradient
        CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];
        gradient.frame = titleLabel.bounds;
        NSMutableArray *cgcolors = [NSMutableArray new];
        for (int i = 0; i < colors.count; i++) 
            cgcolors[i] = (id)colors[i].CGColor;
        
        gradient.colors = cgcolors;
        gradient.locations = @[@0, @1];

        UIView *gradientView = [[UIView alloc] init];
        [gradientView.layer addSublayer:gradient];
        gradientView.maskView = titleLabel;

        // Stack
        UIStackView *stackView = [[UIStackView alloc] initWithArrangedSubviews:@[gradientView, subtitleLabel]];
        stackView.alignment = UIStackViewAlignmentLeading;
        stackView.axis = UILayoutConstraintAxisVertical;
        stackView.distribution = UIStackViewDistributionEqualCentering;
        stackView.spacing = 0;
        stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = NO;
        [self addSubview:stackView];

        [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[
            [stackView.leadingAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.leadingAnchor constant:25],
            [stackView.centerYAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.centerYAnchor],
            [stackView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.height + subtitleLabel.frame.size.height],

            [gradientView.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.width],
            [gradientView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.height]
        ]];
    

    return self;

【参考方案1】：

问题是您的gradientView 没有固有的内容大小。

尝试将您的约束更改为：

    [NSLayoutConstraint activateConstraints:@[
        [stackView.leadingAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.leadingAnchor constant:25],
        [stackView.centerYAnchor constraintEqualToAnchor:self.centerYAnchor],

        // shouldn't need to set a height anchor on the stackView
        //[stackView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.height + subtitleLabel.frame.size.height],
        
        [gradientView.widthAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.width],
        [gradientView.heightAnchor constraintEqualToConstant:titleLabel.frame.size.height],

    ]];

【讨论】：

非常感谢它成功了！我实际上设置了高度以避免堆栈视图在整个子视图高度上展开，所以现在堆栈是紧凑的。我发布了更新的整个代码，以防它可以帮助其他人:)