将单独类中的多个组件添加到另一个类中的 JFrame

Posted 2023-02-23

【中文标题】将单独类中的多个组件添加到另一个类中的 JFrame

【英文标题】：Adding Multiple Components In Seperate Classes to JFrame In Another Class

【发布时间】：2015-02-27 21:12:47

【问题描述】：

我遇到了问题。问题在于向 JFrame 添加多个组件，所有组件都在单独的类中。我必须将 DrawBoard 和 QuestionBox 这两个组件添加到 Board 类的 JPanel“面板”中。 DrawBoard 和 QuestionBox 将执行不同的功能。

DrawBoard 组件应为 600x600 像素，而 QuestionBox 组件应为 600x120 像素。 DrawBoard 位于底部，而 QuestionBox 位于顶部。我不确定要使用什么布局。

运行时我得到这个结果。

游戏类

package snake;

//This class is used to run the game.
public class Game 

    /**
     * @author HyperBlue
     */

    public static Board board;

    public static void main(String[] args) 
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub

    //Creates an object board from the Board() construct
    board = new Board();

    

板级

public class Board implements ActionListener 

    public DrawBoard drawBoard;
    public QuestionBox questionBox;

    public Timer ticker = new Timer(20, this);

    public Board() 

        Dimension dim = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Snake");
        frame.pack();
        Insets insets = frame.getInsets();
        JPanel container = new JPanel();

        questionBox = new QuestionBox();
        drawBoard = new DrawBoard();

        container.setLayout(new BorderLayout());

        container.add(questionBox, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(drawBoard, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(600+insets.left + insets.right, 720 +insets.bottom + insets.top));

        frame.add(container);

        //Sets the frame in middle of screen
        frame.setLocation((dim.width / 2) - (frame.getWidth() / 2), (dim.height / 2) - (frame.getHeight() / 2));

        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        frame.setVisible(true);
    

画板类

package snake;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

//Warnings will not be thrown (are suppressed).
@SuppressWarnings("serial")

public class DrawBoard extends JPanel

    public static Color yellow = new Color(13816442);

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) 
        super.paintComponent(g);
        g.setColor(yellow);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
    

问题框类

package snake;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class QuestionBox extends JPanel

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) 
        super.paintComponent(g);
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 120);
    

【问题讨论】：

仅供参考：您可以使用setBackground 更改组件的背景颜色，而不必覆盖paintComponent

【参考方案1】：

每个组件都应该负责管理它自己的大小，您应该首先覆盖面板的getPreferredSize 并返回您想要使用的大小。

您也不应该依赖幻数，而应该使用实际的物理值，例如，而不是

g.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 120);

你应该使用...

g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;

public class Test1 

    public static void main(String[] args) 
        new Test1();
    

    public Test1() 
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() 
            @Override
            public void run() 
                try 
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                 catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) 
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            
        );
    

    public static class TestPane extends JPanel 

        public TestPane() 
            setLayout(new BorderLayout());
            add(new DrawBoard());
            add(new QuestionBox(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        

    

    public static class DrawBoard extends JPanel 

        public static Color yellow = new Color(13816442);

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() 
            return new Dimension(600, 600);
        

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) 
            super.paintComponent(g);
            g.setColor(yellow);
            g.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 600);
        
    

    public static class QuestionBox extends JPanel 

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() 
            return new Dimension(600, 120);
        

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) 
            super.paintComponent(g);
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.fillRect(0, 0, 600, 120);
        

    

您还应该知道Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize(); 不是确定可见屏幕区域的最可靠方法，因为它没有考虑各种操作系统元素，例如任务栏或停靠栏，它们会占用屏幕空间。