Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 上的 BeanManager 无法创建资源实例
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【中文标题】Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 上的 BeanManager 无法创建资源实例【英文标题】：BeanManager on Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 cannot create resource instance 【发布时间】：2013-11-20 02:12:15 【问题描述】：运行于： Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 OmniFaces 1.6.3 JSF 莫哈拉 2.1.26 CDI Weld 2.1.0.Final
通过访问 JNDI“java:comp/BeanManager”，在 Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 上有一个 RuntimeException。 CDI BenManager 绑定到“java:comp/env/BeanManager”在您的 BeanManager 类中未达到的 vut。
/**
* Perform automatic initialization whereby the bean manager is looked up from the JNDI. If the bean manager is
* found, then invoke @link #init(Object) with the found bean manager.
*/
private void init()
if (!initialized.getAndSet(true))
try
Class.forName("javax.enterprise.inject.spi.BeanManager"); // Is CDI present?
Class.forName("javax.naming.InitialContext"); // Is JNDI present? (not on Google App Engine)
catch (Exception e)
return; // CDI or JNDI not supported on this environment.
try
Object beanManager = JNDI.lookup("java:comp/BeanManager"); // CDI spec.
if (beanManager == null)
beanManager = JNDI.lookup("java:comp/env/BeanManager"); // Tomcat.
if (beanManager == null)
return; // CDI not registered on this environment.
this.beanManager = beanManager;
Class<?> beanManagerClass = beanManager.getClass();
Class<?> contextualClass = Class.forName("javax.enterprise.context.spi.Contextual");
Class<?> beanClass = Class.forName("javax.enterprise.inject.spi.Bean");
Class<?> creationalContextClass = Class.forName("javax.enterprise.context.spi.CreationalContext");
getBeans = beanManagerClass.getMethod("getBeans", Type.class, Annotation[].class);
resolve = beanManagerClass.getMethod("resolve", Set.class);
createCreationalContext = beanManagerClass.getMethod("createCreationalContext", contextualClass);
getReference = beanManagerClass.getMethod("getReference", beanClass, Type.class, creationalContextClass);
catch (Exception e)
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, LOG_INITIALIZATION_ERROR, e);
throw new RuntimeException(e);
堆栈跟踪：添加
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: .
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 607 ms
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.47
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:01 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDescriptor
INFO: Deploying configuration descriptor E:\Tomcats\apache-tomcat-7.0.47\conf\Catalina\localhost\
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:09 PM com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener contextInitialized
INFO: Mojarra 2.1.26 ( 20130905-1451 https://svn.java.net/svn/mojarra~svn/tags/2.1.26@12478) für Kontext '/a' wird initialisiert.
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:09 PM com.sun.faces.spi.InjectionProviderFactory createInstance
INFO: JSF1048: PostConstruct/PreDestroy-Annotationen vorhanden. Verwaltete Bean-Methoden, die mit diesen Annotationen markiert sind, lassen die entsprechenden Annotationen verarbeiten.
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:10 PM org.primefaces.webapp.PostConstructApplicationEventListener processEvent
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:10 PM org.omnifaces.VersionLoggerEventListener processEvent
INFO: Using OmniFaces version 1.6.3
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:10 PM com.sun.faces.config.ConfigureListener$WebConfigResourceMonitor$Monitor <init>
INFO: Monitoring jndi:/localhost/../WEB-INF/faces-config.xml for modifications
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:10 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory E:\Tomcats\apache-tomcat-7.0.47\webapps\host-manager
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:11 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory E:\Tomcats\apache-tomcat-7.0.47\webapps\manager
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:11 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory E:\Tomcats\apache-tomcat-7.0.47\webapps\ROOT
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:11 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:11 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:11 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 9572 ms
Nov 08, 2013 12:10:32 PM org.omnifaces.config.BeanManager init
SEVERE: BeanManager enum singleton failed to initialize.
java.lang.IllegalStateException: javax.naming.NamingException: Cannot create resource instance
at org.omnifaces.util.JNDI.lookup(JNDI.java:87)
at org.omnifaces.config.BeanManager.init(BeanManager.java:79)
at org.omnifaces.config.BeanManager.getReference(BeanManager.java:115)
at org.omnifaces.application.OmniApplication.createValidator(OmniApplication.java:105)
at org.jboss.weld.environment.servlet.jsf.ForwardingApplication.createValidator(ForwardingApplication.java:152)
at com.sun.faces.component.validator.ComponentValidators.addValidatorsToComponent(ComponentValidators.java:280)
at com.sun.faces.component.validator.ComponentValidators.addDefaultValidatorsToComponent(ComponentValidators.java:147)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.processValidators(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:541)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.privateOnComponentPopulated(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:522)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:194)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.CompositeFaceletHandler.apply(CompositeFaceletHandler.java:95)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.core.FacetHandler.apply(FacetHandler.java:104)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.CompositionHandler.apply(CompositionHandler.java:166)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.NamespaceHandler.apply(NamespaceHandler.java:93)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.EncodingHandler.apply(EncodingHandler.java:87)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:320)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:379)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:358)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFaceletContext.includeFacelet(DefaultFaceletContext.java:199)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.IncludeHandler.apply(IncludeHandler.java:120)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.DefineHandler.applyDefinition(DefineHandler.java:106)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.CompositionHandler.apply(CompositionHandler.java:178)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFaceletContext$TemplateManager.apply(DefaultFaceletContext.java:395)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFaceletContext.includeDefinition(DefaultFaceletContext.java:366)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.InsertHandler.apply(InsertHandler.java:111)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.CompositeFaceletHandler.apply(CompositeFaceletHandler.java:95)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.CompositeFaceletHandler.apply(CompositeFaceletHandler.java:95)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.core.ViewHandler.apply(ViewHandler.java:188)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.CompositeFaceletHandler.apply(CompositeFaceletHandler.java:95)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.applyNextHandler(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:137)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.jsf.ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.apply(ComponentTagHandlerDelegateImpl.java:187)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.DelegatingMetaTagHandler.apply(DelegatingMetaTagHandler.java:120)
at javax.faces.view.facelets.CompositeFaceletHandler.apply(CompositeFaceletHandler.java:95)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.NamespaceHandler.apply(NamespaceHandler.java:93)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.EncodingHandler.apply(EncodingHandler.java:87)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:320)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:379)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.include(DefaultFacelet.java:358)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFaceletContext.includeFacelet(DefaultFaceletContext.java:199)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.tag.ui.CompositionHandler.apply(CompositionHandler.java:155)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.NamespaceHandler.apply(NamespaceHandler.java:93)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.compiler.EncodingHandler.apply(EncodingHandler.java:87)
at com.sun.faces.facelets.impl.DefaultFacelet.apply(DefaultFacelet.java:164)
at com.sun.faces.application.view.FaceletViewHandlingStrategy.buildView(FaceletViewHandlingStrategy.java:914)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.RenderResponsePhase.execute(RenderResponsePhase.java:99)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.Phase.doPhase(Phase.java:101)
at com.sun.faces.lifecycle.LifecycleImpl.render(LifecycleImpl.java:139)
at javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet.service(FacesServlet.java:594)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.omnifaces.filter.FacesExceptionFilter.doFilter(FacesExceptionFilter.java:56)
at org.omnifaces.filter.HttpFilter.doFilter(HttpFilter.java:75)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.omnifaces.filter.GzipResponseFilter.doFilter(GzipResponseFilter.java:149)
at org.omnifaces.filter.HttpFilter.doFilter(HttpFilter.java:75)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:408)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1041)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:603)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)
Caused by: javax.naming.NamingException: Cannot create resource instance
at org.apache.naming.factory.ResourceEnvFactory.getObjectInstance(ResourceEnvFactory.java:117)
at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getObjectInstance(NamingManager.java:321)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:843)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:154)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:831)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:154)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:831)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:168)
at org.apache.naming.SelectorContext.lookup(SelectorContext.java:158)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:411)
at org.omnifaces.util.JNDI.lookup(JNDI.java:83)
... 92 more
Faces-配置：
<factory>
<exception-handler-factory>org.omnifaces.exceptionhandler.FullAjaxExceptionHandlerFactory</exception-handler-factory>
</factory>
web.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0"
metadata-complete="true">
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.STATE_SAVING_METHOD</param-name>
<param-value>server</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.FACELETS_LIBRARIES</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/taglib.xml;/WEB-INF/functions.taglib.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>facesExceptionFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.omnifaces.filter.FacesExceptionFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>facesExceptionFilter</filter-name>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.jboss.weld.environment.servlet.Listener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.xhtml</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<error-page>
<exception-type>javax.faces.application.ViewExpiredException</exception-type>
<location>/WEB-INF/errorpages/expired.xhtml</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<exception-type>com.sun.faces.context.FacesFileNotFoundException</exception-type>
<location>/WEB-INF/errorpages/expired.xhtml</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>500</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/errorpages/500.xhtml</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/WEB-INF/errorpages/404.xhtml</location>
</error-page>
<filter>
<filter-name>gzipResponseFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.omnifaces.filter.GzipResponseFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>gzipResponseFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<resource-env-ref>
<resource-env-ref-name>BeanManager</resource-env-ref-name>
<resource-env-ref-type>javax.enterprise.inject.spi.BeanManager</resource-env-ref-type>
</resource-env-ref>
<session-config><tracking-mode>COOKIE</tracking-mode></session-config>
</web-app>
在 META-INF 下添加 context.xml：
<Context>
<Resource name="BeanManager"
auth="Container"
type="javax.enterprise.inject.spi.BeanManager"
factory="org.jboss.weld.resources.ManagerObjectFactory"/>
<Manager pathname="" />
</Context>
【问题讨论】：
我无法用给定的版本重现您的问题。您究竟是如何在 Tomcat 上安装 Weld 的？能否请您发布整个堆栈跟踪？根据堆栈跟踪，
Caused by: javax.naming.NamingException: Cannot create resource instance
at org.apache.naming.factory.ResourceEnvFactory.getObjectInstance(ResourceEnvFactory.java:117)
at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getObjectInstance(NamingManager.java:321)
at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:843)
...
您忘记在 JNDI 中注册 BeanManager 资源。 <resource-env-ref> 不知道如何创建它。您需要在您的 webapp 的 web 内容中创建一个 /META-INF/context.xml 并使用以下内容，以便在 JNDI 中注册 BeanManager 工厂，以便 JNDI 知道如何创建它。
<Context>
<Resource name="BeanManager"
auth="Container"
type="javax.enterprise.inject.spi.BeanManager"
factory="org.jboss.weld.resources.ManagerObjectFactory" />
</Context>
另见：
How to install CDI in Tomcat? Weld documentation【讨论】：
这可能不是异常的原因。我已经有一个定义 BeanManager Resouce 的 context.xml。 对不起，例外情况另有说明。很可能您的构建已损坏，或者文件位于错误的位置（必须位于 Web 内容的/META-INF，而不是 Java 源代码中！），或者文件名称错误（路径和名称区分大小写）。重要的是，当我从我的沙盒 web 应用程序中删除 /META-INF/context.xml 时，我可以准确重现您的问题。
我在服务器位置 conf/catalina/localhost 的 context.xml 中添加了资源条目，并且找到了 resource-env-ref。再也没有例外了。感谢您的有益建议。
后期说明：我观察到，当您通过 Context 元素配置 Web 应用程序以使其文档库位于标准 webapps 文件夹之外时，Tomcat 似乎不想拾取 META-INF/context webapp 的.xml 了。我需要将该信息直接添加到我重写的 Context 元素（在 server.xml 中）。所以更准确地说，我需要将 BeanManager 资源放在 server.xml 内的 Context 元素中，而不是放在 webapp 的 META-INF/context.xml 中，以使其在非常特定的设置中工作。以上是关于Apache Tomcat 7.0.47 上的 BeanManager 无法创建资源实例的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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