Pyscard 未能列出读者

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】Pyscard 未能列出读者

【英文标题】：Pyscard failed to list readers

【发布时间】：2014-09-06 11:29:22

【问题描述】：

我有一个 ACR38 阅读器，我使用 Python2.7。我搜索了使用python与读者交流的方法，最后找到了下面的代码here

import sys
sys.path.append('D:\PythonX\Lib\site-packages')
from smartcard.scard import *
import smartcard.util

SELECT = [0x00, 0xA4, 0x04, 0x00, 0x0A, 0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x62,
    0x03, 0x01, 0x0C, 0x06, 0x01]
COMMAND = [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]

try:
    hresult, hcontext = SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_USER)
    if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
        raise Exception('Failed to establish context : ' +
            SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
    print 'Context established!'

    try:
        hresult, readers = SCardListReaders(hcontext, [])
        if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
            raise Exception('Failed to list readers: ' +
                SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
        print 'PCSC Readers:', readers

        if len(readers) < 1:
            raise Exception('No smart card readers')

        reader = readers[0]
        print "Using reader:", reader

        try:
            hresult, hcard, dwActiveProtocol = SCardConnect(hcontext, reader,
                SCARD_SHARE_SHARED, SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1)
            if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
                raise Exception('Unable to connect: ' +
                    SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
            print 'Connected with active protocol', dwActiveProtocol

            try:
                hresult, response = SCardTransmit(hcard, dwActiveProtocol,
                    SELECT)
                if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
                    raise Exception('Failed to transmit: ' +
                        SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
                print 'Select: ' + smartcard.util.toHexString(response,
                    smartcard.util.HEX)
                hresult, response = SCardTransmit(hcard, dwActiveProtocol,
                    COMMAND)
                if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
                    raise Exception('Failed to transmit: ' +
                        SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
                print 'Command: ' + smartcard.util.toHexString(response,
                    smartcard.util.HEX)
            finally:
                hresult = SCardDisconnect(hcard, SCARD_UNPOWER_CARD)
                if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
                    raise Exception('Failed to disconnect: ' +
                        SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
                print 'Disconnected'

        except Exception, message:
            print "Exception:", message

    finally:
        hresult = SCardReleaseContext(hcontext)
        if hresult != SCARD_S_SUCCESS:
            raise Exception('Failed to release context: ' +
                    SCardGetErrorMessage(hresult))
        print 'Released context.'

except Exception, message:
    print "Exception:", message

import sys
if 'win32' == sys.platform:
    print 'press Enter to continue'
    sys.stdin.read(1)

但是当我运行代码时，我收到以下错误：

>>> ================================ RESTART ================================
>>> 
Context established!
Released context.
Exception: Failed to list readers: Cannot find a smart card reader. 
press Enter to continue

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/ghasemi.IT/Desktop/123", line 76, in <module>
    sys.stdin.read(1)
AttributeError: read
>>> ================================ RESTART ================================

问：为什么我的阅读器在libusb-win32 设备下的设备管理器中没有列出阅读器？我应该删除 Libusb 吗？

【参考方案1】：

你的代码看不到读者的原因是你在这里混合了两种方法：

您的代码尝试使用 pyscard，它是 PC/SC 接口的 Python 包装器。 您让 libusb 管理 ACR38 USB 设备。

libusb 是一个用于直接访问 USB 设备的库，因此如果您让 libusb 的 USB 驱动程序管理阅读器，您还需要使用 libusb 接口库从您的程序中访问阅读器。

如果您想使用 pyscard (PC/SC)，您还需要让 PC/SC 管理阅读器。在这种情况下，您需要为该阅读器安装 CCID 驱动程序而不是 libusb 驱动程序。 ACS 提供了一个PC/SC driver package，其中包含该阅读器所需的驱动程序。

【讨论】：

好教程：james-ridgway.co.uk/blog/installing-acr122u-drivers-on-linux