网站编译在 MSBuild 中失败，但在 Visual Studio 中有效

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】网站编译在 MSBuild 中失败，但在 Visual Studio 中有效

【英文标题】：Website compilation fails in MSBuild but works in Visual Studio

【发布时间】：2011-09-12 07:28:26

【问题描述】：

当我尝试使用它来构建我的 VS2010 解决方案（包括网站项目）时，我遇到了 MSBuild 任务的奇怪行为。如果我在 Visual Studio 2010 中打开该解决方案并尝试编译它，它就可以工作。但是，如果我尝试从我的 MSBuild 脚本编译它，它会失败并出现错误。

我已经追查到，网站目录中有一个用户控件，它不使用后面的代码。

重现步骤：

1.) 假设您有简单的解决方案。只需一个网站和两个用户控件：

web\Controls\HelpButton.ascx：

<%@ Control Language="C#" ClassName="HelpButton" %>

<script runat="server">
    private string _helpUrl;
    public string HelpUrl
    
        get  return _helpUrl; 
        set  _helpUrl = value; 
    

</script>

web\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx：

<%@ Control Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="TestUserControl.ascx.cs" Inherits="AnotherFolder_TestUserControl" %>
<%@ Register Src="~/Controls/HelpButton.ascx" TagPrefix="myCtrl" TagName="HelpButton" %>

 <myCtrl:HelpButton runat="server" ID="HelpButton" />

web\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx.cs：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;

public partial class AnotherFolder_TestUserControl : System.Web.UI.UserControl

    protected override void OnLoad(EventArgs e)
    
        this.HelpButton.HelpUrl = "trada";

        base.OnLoad(e);
    

VS2010可以毫无问题地建立这个网站。

2.) 使用以下 MSBuild：

<Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003"
DefaultTargets="Build">

<PropertyGroup>
<SolutionProperties>Configuration=Release</SolutionProperties>
</PropertyGroup>

<Target Name="Build" DependsOnTargets="">

 <MSBuild Projects="BuildTest.sln" Targets="Build" Properties="$(SolutionProperties)" RebaseOutputs="true">
  </MSBuild>
    </Target>
</Project>

3.) 运行 MSBuild 脚本：msbuild build.msbuild

显示以下错误：

Microsoft (R) Build Engine Version 4.0.30319.1
[Microsoft .NET Framework, Version 4.0.30319.235]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.

Build started 9/9/2011 2:21:50 PM.
Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\build.msbuild" on node 1 (default targets).
Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\build.msbuild" (1) is building "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (2) on node 1 (Build target(s)).
ValidateSolutionConfiguration:
  Building solution configuration "Release|Any CPU".
Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (2) is building "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (3) on node 1 (default targets).
Build:
  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\aspnet_compiler.exe -v /WebSite -p WebSite\ -u -f PrecompiledWeb\WebSite\ 
d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx.cs(12): error CS1061: 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' does not contain a definition for 'HelpUrl' and no extension method 'HelpUrl' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) [d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj]
Done Building Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.
Done Building Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (Build target(s)) -- FAILED.
Done Building Project "d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\build.msbuild" (default targets) -- FAILED.

Build FAILED.

"d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\build.msbuild" (default target) (1) ->
"d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (Build target) (2) ->
"d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (default target) (3) ->
(Build target) -> 
  d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx.cs(12): error CS1061: 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' does not contain a definition for 'HelpUrl' and no extension method 'HelpUrl' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) [d:\Src\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj]

    0 Warning(s)
    1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:02.66

在我看来，如果它以错误的顺序编译用户控件，则将“HelpButton”放置在“TestUserControl”上，并且“TestUserControl”将值分配给“HelpButton”对象的属性。 这是已知问题吗？有什么建议可以解决这个问题吗？

对我不起作用的一种解决方法是从 MSBuild 脚本执行 devenv.exe 并让 devenv.exe 构建解决方案。它编译成功，但问题是我不能以这种方式发送额外的 MSBuild 属性。

谢谢

编辑：直接针对解决方案文件执行时 msbuild 命令的输出：

c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue>msbuild.exe BuildTest.sln /target:Build /p:Configuration="Debug",Platform="Any CPU" 


Microsoft (R) Build Engine Version 4.0.30319.1
[Microsoft .NET Framework, Version 4.0.30319.235]
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2007. All rights reserved.

Build started 9/12/2011 12:05:38 PM.
Project "c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" on node 1 (Build target(s)).
ValidateSolutionConfiguration:
  Building solution configuration "Debug|Any CPU".
Project "c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (1) is building "c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (2) on node 1 (default targets).
Build:
  C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\aspnet_compiler.exe -v /WebSite -p WebSite\ -u -f -d PrecompiledWeb\WebSite\ 
c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx.cs(12): error CS1061: 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' does not contain a definition for 'HelpUrl' and no extension method 'HelpUrl' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) [c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj]
Done Building Project "c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (default targets) -- FAILED.
Done Building Project "c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (Build target(s)) -- FAILED.

Build FAILED.

"c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\BuildTest.sln" (Build target) (1) ->
"c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj" (default target) (2) ->
(Build target) -> 
  c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite\AnotherFolder\TestUserControl.ascx.cs(12): error CS1061: 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' does not contain a definition for 'HelpUrl' and no extension method 'HelpUrl' accepting a first argument of type 'System.Web.UI.UserControl' could be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?) [c:\Tmp\MSBuildIssue\WebSite.metaproj]

    0 Warning(s)
    1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:01.77

【问题讨论】：

如果您尝试直接在命令行上执行 MsBuild，输出是什么：msbuild.exe BuildTest.sln /target:Build /p:Configuration="Debug",Platform="AnyCPU"？

我已将命令输出添加到原始帖子中。这是同样的错误。

【参考方案1】：

最后我最终使用了 AspNetCompiler 任务而不是 MSBuild。令人惊讶的是，AspNetCompiler 在 MSBuild 任务失败的情况下工作。

<Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
    <Target Name="PrecompileWeb">
        <AspNetCompiler
            VirtualPath="/MyWebSite"
            PhysicalPath="c:\inetpub\wwwroot\MyWebSite\"
            TargetPath="c:\precompiledweb\MyWebSite\"
            Force="true"
            Debug="true"
        />
    </Target>

我必须用我们的实际生产解决方案解决的唯一问题是，我们的解决方案包含许多其他项目（程序集、可执行文件），而不仅仅是网站。出于这个原因，我不得不将解决方案的构建分为两个步骤 - 首先只编译程序集（使用 MSBuild 任务），然后调用 AspNetCompiler 来编译网站。

感谢您的帮助

【参考方案2】：

<%@ Register Src="~/Controls/HelpButton.ascx" ... 这一行呢？您的按钮似乎位于不同的目录中。

【讨论】：

抱歉，我原来的帖子中有错字 - HelpButton 控件实际上位于 web\Controls\HelpButton.ascx 中。很抱歉造成混淆，我已经编辑了我的问题来解决这个问题。

嗯，好的，抱歉，我不能再帮你了。在最坏的情况下，您必须更改控件以使用代码隐藏文件并将属性放在那里。