嵌入式 Python3 在导入本地模块时引发异常

Posted 2023-02-22

【中文标题】嵌入式 Python3 在导入本地模块时引发异常

【英文标题】：Embedded Python3 raise an exception when importing a local module

【发布时间】：2016-04-24 22:21:37

【问题描述】：

我正在尝试将 Pyhton3 程序嵌入到 C++ 程序中。在遵循几个教程和博客文章后，我得到以下代码，但失败：

Py_SetProgramName(_program_name);
Py_Initialize();

PyObject* main = PyImport_AddModule("__main__");
PyObject* globalDictionary = PyModule_GetDict(main);
PyObject* localDictionary = PyDict_New();
//create the dictionaries as shown above
PyObject* pythonpath = PySys_GetObject("path");
if (PyList_Append(pythonpath, PyBytes_FromString("/path/to/my/modules")) ==  -1)

  std::cerr << "Failed to append to python path" << std::endl;
  PyErr_Print();

const char* pythonScript = ""
"import sys\n"
"print('Hello')\n"
"import options\n"
"print('World')\n"
"";
PyObject* returnValue = PyRun_String(pythonScript, Py_file_input, globalDictionary, localDictionary);
if (!returnValue)

  std::cerr << "python raised an exception" << std::endl;
  PyErr_Print();
  return 1;

结果如下：

Hello
python raised an exception
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 5, in <module>
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2237, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2222, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2164, in _find_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1940, in find_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1914, in _get_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 2049, in find_spec
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 53, in _path_join
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 53, in <listcomp>
TypeError: 'str' does not support the buffer interface

因此，导入 sys 有效，但导入我自己的模块失败，而将路径添加到我的模块似乎有效。

有什么想法吗？

【参考方案1】：

将PyBytes_FromString 替换为PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault 使导入工作正常进行。不过我不明白为什么。