在 Windows 上安装 CPPYY 时出现 cmd 错误

Posted 2023-02-21

【中文标题】在 Windows 上安装 CPPYY 时出现 cmd 错误

【英文标题】：Error in cmd whlie installing CPPYY on windows

【发布时间】：2020-10-08 19:53:41

【问题描述】：

我一直在尝试在我的计算机上安装Cppyy，但我是新手，所以我对此不太了解我在我的计算机上安装了 python 和 pip

C:\WINDOWS\system32>python --version
Python 3.8.6

C:\WINDOWS\system32> pip --version
pip 20.2.3

当我尝试运行时

点安装cppyy

cmd 给我错误

    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-z4gw8trb\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'CPyCppyy==1.11.4; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-backend==1.14.0; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling==6.21.3; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling<=6.18.2.3; python_implementation == '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' setuptools wheel
       cwd: None
  Complete output (42 lines):
  Ignoring cppyy-cling: markers 'platform_python_implementation == "PyPy"' don't match your environment
  Collecting CPyCppyy==1.11.4
    Using cached CPyCppyy-1.11.4.tar.gz (178 kB)
    Installing build dependencies: started
    Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'error'
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-hj42_3n3\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'cppyy-cling>=6.21.3' 'cppyy-backend>=1.14' setuptools wheel
         cwd: None
    Complete output (31 lines):
    Collecting cppyy-cling>=6.21.3
      Using cached cppyy_cling-6.21.3-py2.py3-none-win_amd64.whl (18.2 MB)
    Collecting cppyy-backend>=1.14
      Using cached cppyy-backend-1.14.0.tar.gz (32 kB)
      Installing build dependencies: started
      Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
      Getting requirements to build wheel: started
      Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
        Preparing wheel metadata: started
        Preparing wheel metadata: finished with status 'done'
    Collecting setuptools
      Using cached setuptools-50.3.0-py3-none-any.whl (785 kB)
    Collecting wheel
      Using cached wheel-0.35.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (33 kB)
    Building wheels for collected packages: cppyy-backend
      Building wheel for cppyy-backend (PEP 517): started
      Building wheel for cppyy-backend (PEP 517): finished with status 'error'
      ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
       command: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pep517\_in_process.py' build_wheel 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpojxb8d41'
           cwd: C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-znkz3pmg\cppyy-backend
      Complete output (6 lines):
      running bdist_wheel
      running build
      running build_ext
      checking for build\temp.win-amd64-3.8\Release
      creating build\temp.win-amd64-3.8\Release
      error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      ----------------------------------------
      ERROR: Failed building wheel for cppyy-backend
    Failed to build cppyy-backend
    ERROR: Could not build wheels for cppyy-backend which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
    ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-hj42_3n3\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'cppyy-cling>=6.21.3' 'cppyy-backend>=1.14' setuptools wheel Check the logs for full command output.
  ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Users\sarfaraz\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-z4gw8trb\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple -- 'CPyCppyy==1.11.4; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-backend==1.14.0; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling==6.21.3; python_implementation != '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' 'cppyy-cling<=6.18.2.3; python_implementation == '"'"'PyPy'"'"'' setuptools wheel Check the logs for full command output.

我在网站上找到了一些说明，但我很难按照这些说明进行操作，因为我是新手

提前致谢

【问题讨论】：

setuptools ***安装了吗？

error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/ 应该是您的向导。如果没有安装 MSVC 编译器，cppyy 无论如何都没用。

是的 setuptools ***已安装

【参考方案1】：

尝试升级setuptools轮

pip install -U setuptools wheel

结束然后尝试

pip install cppyy --no-index

如果没有帮助，python 3.8 可能会出现这个问题 PyPi 支持

【讨论】：

对于 pip install -U setuptools wheel 要求已经是最新的：对于 pip install cppyy --no-index 错误：找不到满足要求 cppyy 的版本（来自版本：无）错误：没有为 cppyy 找到匹配的分布

【参考方案2】：

如错误消息中所示和 hoefling 已经提到的，您需要一个系统编译器，至少用于系统头文件，但也用于 C++ 库头文件。 Cling 需要这些头文件中的代码来解析您可能提供给它的使用 C++ 标准库或 Windows 系统功能的任何新 C++ 代码。

原则上，可以使用包含所有系统和 C++ 头文件的 cppyy-cling 预编译头文件作为 IR 位代码，但 MSVC 喜欢在版本之间更改头文件包含保护，因此仅 如果有没有系统编译器就可以工作。 （它在 Linux 上要好一些，但在某些情况下它也更改了包含保护名称。）一旦 Cling 在 Windows 上支持预编译模块（PCM；与头文件相对），就会重新审视这一点。然后，如果没有可用的系统编译器，可以有条件地预打包和安装这些 PCM。然而，上游的模块支持仍然很新鲜，甚至还没有发布，所以这只会在中期出现。

无论如何，MSVC 现在是免费的。 :)

【讨论】：

感谢您的回答。所以我想知道你想我在我的 Windows 上安装哪个版本的 MSVC，因为从这里“visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools”下载后，这些选项有很多选项和很多版本。我确实安装了最新版本的 MSVC，但它仍然给我错误。我是新手，所以不太了解。

最新版本没问题，只要它包含 C++ 工具。接下来，您需要确保这些工具在您的环境中可用，方法是直接运行安装脚本，或者启动完成此操作的命令提示符。请参阅您引用的页面上的“演练”链接：docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/…