启用 Java 8 时 Android Studio Ui 测试出错

Posted 2023-02-19

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【中文标题】启用 Java 8 时 Android Studio Ui 测试出错【英文标题】：Android Studio Ui test gives an error when enabling Java 8 【发布时间】：2019-05-31 19:01:11 【问题描述】：

我尝试了 android Studio 3.2.1 和 Android Studio 3.4 如果我在 gradle 文件中启用 Java 8 并运行 espresso 测试，我会收到以下错误：

java.lang.RuntimeExceptionCause: java.lang.RuntimeException

经过多次试验，我发现从 gradle 文件中删除 Java8 支持可以解决问题。

但是 java 8 对我的项目很重要。你有更好的解决方案吗？

这是我的代码：

import static androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static androidx.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

import androidx.test.espresso.Espresso;
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4;
import androidx.test.filters.LargeTest;
import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import com.dubizzle.workshopsample.R;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;


@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
@LargeTest
public class MainActivityUiTest 

  @Rule
  public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> mActivityRule
      = new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);

  @Test
  public void testShareButtonClickedUi() 
    Espresso.onView(withId(R.id.txtStatus))
        .check(matches(withText("Hello World!")));

    Espresso.onView(withId(R.id.btnShare)).perform(click());

    Espresso.onView(withId(R.id.txtStatus))
        .check(matches(withText("onShareButtonClicked")));

完全错误：

org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskExecutionException：任务执行失败 ':app:transformClassesWithDexBuilderForDebugAndroidTest'。在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:103) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:73) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.execute(OutputDirectoryCreatingTaskExecuter.java:51) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:59) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:59) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:101) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.FinalizeInputFilePropertiesTaskExecuter.execute(FinalizeInputFilePropertiesTaskExecuter.java:44) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.execute（CleanupStaleOutputsExecuter.java:91）在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:62) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:59) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker$1.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:256) 在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:317）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:309）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:185）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:97）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.run(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:31) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:249) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:238) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:104) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute（DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:663）在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:596) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:98) 在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.process（DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:59）在 org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.execute（DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:130）在 org.gradle.execution.SelectedTaskExecutionAction.execute(SelectedTaskExecutionAction.java:37) 在 org.gradle.execution.DefaultBuildExecuter.execute（DefaultBuildExecuter.java:37）在 org.gradle.execution.DefaultBuildExecuter.access$000(DefaultBuildExecuter.java:23) 在 org.gradle.execution.DefaultBuildExecuter$1.proceed(DefaultBuildExecuter.java:43) 在 org.gradle.execution.DryRunBuildExecutionAction.execute(DryRunBuildExecutionAction.java:46) 在 org.gradle.execution.DefaultBuildExecuter.execute（DefaultBuildExecuter.java:37）在 org.gradle.execution.DefaultBuildExecuter.execute（DefaultBuildExecuter.java:30）在 org.gradle.initialization.DefaultGradleLauncher$ExecuteTasks.run(DefaultGradleLauncher.java:336) 在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:317）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:309）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:185）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:97）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.run(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:31) 在 org.gradle.initialization.DefaultGradleLauncher.runTasks(DefaultGradleLauncher.java:210) 在 org.gradle.initialization.DefaultGradleLauncher.doBuildStages(DefaultGradleLauncher.java:140) 在 org.gradle.initialization.DefaultGradleLauncher.executeTasks(DefaultGradleLauncher.java:115) 在 org.gradle.internal.invocation.GradleBuildController$1.call(GradleBuildController.java:78) 在 org.gradle.internal.invocation.GradleBuildController$1.call(GradleBuildController.java:75) 在 org.gradle.internal.work.DefaultWorkerLeaseService.withLocks(DefaultWorkerLeaseService.java:152) 在 org.gradle.internal.work.StopShieldingWorkerLeaseService.withLocks(StopShieldingWorkerLeaseService.java:38) 在 org.gradle.internal.invocation.GradleBuildController.doBuild(GradleBuildController.java:100) 在 org.gradle.internal.invocation.GradleBuildController.run(GradleBuildController.java:75) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.runner.ClientProvidedBuildActionRunner.run(ClientProvidedBuildActionRunner.java:62) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.ChainingBuildActionRunner.run(ChainingBuildActionRunner.java:35) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.ChainingBuildActionRunner.run(ChainingBuildActionRunner.java:35) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ValidatingBuildActionRunner.run(ValidatingBuildActionRunner.java:32) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.RunAsBuildOperationBuildActionRunner$3.run(RunAsBuildOperationBuildActionRunner.java:45) 在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:317）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:309）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:185）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:97）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.run(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:31) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.RunAsBuildOperationBuildActionRunner.run(RunAsBuildOperationBuildActionRunner.java:42) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.SubscribableBuildActionRunner.run(SubscribableBuildActionRunner.java:51) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.InProcessBuildActionExecuter.execute(InProcessBuildActionExecuter.java:47) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.InProcessBuildActionExecuter.execute(InProcessBuildActionExecuter.java:31) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.BuildTreeScopeBuildActionExecuter.execute(BuildTreeScopeBuildActionExecuter.java:39) 在 org.gradle.launcher.exec.BuildTreeScopeBuildActionExecuter.execute(BuildTreeScopeBuildActionExecuter.java:25) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ContinuousBuildActionExecuter.execute（ContinuousBuildActionExecuter.java:80）在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ContinuousBuildActionExecuter.execute（ContinuousBuildActionExecuter.java:53）在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ServicesSetupBuildActionExecuter.execute(ServicesSetupBuildActionExecuter.java:61) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ServicesSetupBuildActionExecuter.execute(ServicesSetupBuildActionExecuter.java:34) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.GradleThreadBuildActionExecuter.execute(GradleThreadBuildActionExecuter.java:36) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.GradleThreadBuildActionExecuter.execute(GradleThreadBuildActionExecuter.java:25) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ParallelismConfigurationBuildActionExecuter.execute(ParallelismConfigurationBuildActionExecuter.java:43) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.ParallelismConfigurationBuildActionExecuter.execute(ParallelismConfigurationBuildActionExecuter.java:29) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.StartParamsValidatingActionExecuter.execute(StartParamsValidatingActionExecuter.java:64) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.StartParamsValidatingActionExecuter.execute(StartParamsValidatingActionExecuter.java:29) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.SessionFailureReportingActionExecuter.execute(SessionFailureReportingActionExecuter.java:59) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.SessionFailureReportingActionExecuter.execute(SessionFailureReportingActionExecuter.java:44) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.SetupLoggingActionExecuter.execute(SetupLoggingActionExecuter.java:46) 在 org.gradle.tooling.internal.provider.SetupLoggingActionExecuter.execute(SetupLoggingActionExecuter.java:30) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.ExecuteBuild.doBuild(ExecuteBuild.java:67) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.BuildCommandOnly.execute(BuildCommandOnly.java:36) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.WatchForDisconnection.execute(WatchForDisconnection.java:37) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.ResetDeprecationLogger.execute(ResetDeprecationLogger.java:26) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.RequestStopIfSingleUsedDaemon.execute(RequestStopIfSingleUsedDaemon.java:34) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.ForwardClientInput$2.call(ForwardClientInput.java:74) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.ForwardClientInput$2.call(ForwardClientInput.java:72) 在 org.gradle.util.Swapper.swap(Swapper.java:38) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.ForwardClientInput.execute(ForwardClientInput.java:72) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.LogAndCheckHealth.execute(LogAndCheckHealth.java:55) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.LogToClient.doBuild(LogToClient.java:62) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.BuildCommandOnly.execute(BuildCommandOnly.java:36) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.EstablishBuildEnvironment.doBuild(EstablishBuildEnvironment.java:82) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.BuildCommandOnly.execute(BuildCommandOnly.java:36) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.api.DaemonCommandExecution.proceed(DaemonCommandExecution.java:122) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.exec.StartBuildOrRespondWithBusy$1.run(StartBuildOrRespondWithBusy.java:50) 在 org.gradle.launcher.daemon.server.DaemonStateCoordinator$1.run(DaemonStateCoordinator.java:295) 在 org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63) 在 org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46) 在 java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) 在 java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) 在 org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55) 在 java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) 引起： java.lang.RuntimeException：java.lang.RuntimeException 在 sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0（本机方法）在 sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62) 在 sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45) 在 java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.getThrowableException(ForkJoinTask.java:593) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.reportException（ForkJoinTask.java:677）在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.join(ForkJoinTask.java:720) 在 com.android.ide.common.internal.WaitableExecutor.waitForTasksWithQuickFail（WaitableExecutor.java:146）在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.getInitalGraphData(DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.java:162) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.lambda$makeDesugaringGraph$2(DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.java:134) 在 com.android.builder.desugaring.DesugaringGraphs.forVariant(DesugaringGraphs.java:50) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.makeDesugaringGraph(DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.java:132) 在 com.google.common.base.Suppliers$NonSerializableMemoizingSupplier.get(Suppliers.java:160) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.getAdditionalPaths（DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.java:111）在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DexArchiveBuilderTransform.transform(DexArchiveBuilderTransform.java:325) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:239) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask$2.call(TransformTask.java:235) 在 com.android.builder.profile.ThreadRecorder.record(ThreadRecorder.java:102) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.pipeline.TransformTask.transform(TransformTask.java:230) 在 sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 在 sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) 在 sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) 在 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) 在 org.gradle.internal.reflect.JavaMethod.invoke(JavaMethod.java:73) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.IncrementalTaskAction.doExecute(IncrementalTaskAction.java:50) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:39) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.project.taskfactory.StandardTaskAction.execute(StandardTaskAction.java:26) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter$1.run(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:124) 在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:317）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:309）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:185）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run（DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:97）在 org.gradle.internal.operations.DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.run(DelegatingBuildOperationExecutor.java:31) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeAction(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:113) 在 org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:95) ... 110 更多原因：java.lang.RuntimeException at org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor.visitModule(ClassVisitor.java:148) 在 org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.readModule(ClassReader.java:731) 在 org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:632) 在 org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:500) 在 com.android.builder.desugaring.DesugaringClassAnalyzer.analyze(DesugaringClassAnalyzer.java:144) 在 com.android.builder.desugaring.DesugaringClassAnalyzer.analyzeJar（DesugaringClassAnalyzer.java:92）在 com.android.builder.desugaring.DesugaringClassAnalyzer.analyze(DesugaringClassAnalyzer.java:63) 在 com.android.build.gradle.internal.transforms.DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.lambda$getInitalGraphData$4(DesugarIncrementalTransformHelper.java:150) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$AdaptedCallable.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1424) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692) 在 java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:157)

【问题讨论】：

您正在使用哪些 java 8 功能？您如何在构建脚本中启用 Java 8？你不应该需要 retrolambda OR min SDK 24，除非你正在使用一些在较低 SDK 版本上不可用的 API。 【参考方案1】：

据此：Use Java 8 language features 你只能有一个