Gitlab CI gradle依赖缓存

Posted 2023-02-19

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【中文标题】Gitlab CI gradle依赖缓存【英文标题】：Gitlab CI gradle dependency cache 【发布时间】：2016-03-13 17:47:00 【问题描述】：

我在 Gitlab CI 上构建 android 并且每次下载依赖项都很烦人。我试过缓存：

$HOME/.gradle/
$HOME/.gradle/caches/
$GRADLE_HOME/caches/
$HOME/.m2/
.gradle/
build/
app/build/

我的 .gitlab-ci.yml 的第 26594 次迭代是 here。我已经在我的构建环境中安装了 gradle，因为没有缓存 gradlew 每次都会下载它，这需要更多时间。我用于构建的图像是here。我的 CI 服务器启动脚本可以在here 找到。我假设，如果缓存有效，我不会在每个构建中看到我的依赖项列表。

构建日志：

gitlab-ci-multi-runner 0.7.2 (998cf5d) 使用带有图像 android 的 Docker 执行器... 拉取 docker 镜像 gitlab/gitlab-runner:build ... 拉取 docker 镜像 android:latest ... 警告：无法提取最新版本的图像 android:latest：错误：找不到图像库/android:latest 警告：将使用本地找到的图像。

Running on runner-76acd9d3-project-74192-concurrent-0 via ff9200d4be41...
Fetching changes...
Removing .gradle/
Removing artifacts.upload.log
Removing rxfirebaseandroid/build/
HEAD is now at 7f151df djgfj
Checking out 7f151df2 as ci-gitlab...
HEAD is now at 7f151df... djgfj
Restoring cache...

$ gradle testDebug
Download https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/gradle/1.3.0/gradle-1.3.0.pom
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:rxfirebaseandroid:preBuild UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:preDebugBuild UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:checkDebugManifest
:rxfirebaseandroid:prepareDebugDependencies
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugAidl UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugRenderscript UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugBuildConfig UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:mergeDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugResValues UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugManifest UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugSources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugJavaRes UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugJavaWithJavac UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:preDebugUnitTestBuild UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:prepareDebugUnitTestDependencies
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugUnitTestJavaRes UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugUnitTestJavaWithJavac UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugUnitTestSources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:mockableAndroidJar UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:assembleDebugUnitTest UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:testDebugUnitTest UP-TO-DATE

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 51.086 secs
$ gradle assembleDebug
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileLint
:rxfirebaseandroid:copyDebugLint UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:preBuild UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:preDebugBuild UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:checkDebugManifest
:rxfirebaseandroid:prepareDebugDependencies
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugAidl UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugRenderscript UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugBuildConfig UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:mergeDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugResValues UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugManifest UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:generateDebugSources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:processDebugJavaRes UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugJavaWithJavac UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:extractDebugAnnotations UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:mergeDebugProguardFiles UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugJar UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugNdk UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugJniLibs UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugLocalJar UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:packageDebugRenderscript UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:bundleDebug UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:compileDebugSources UP-TO-DATE
:rxfirebaseandroid:assembleDebug UP-TO-DATE

BUILD SUCCESSFUL

Total time: 10.146 secs

Archiving cache...
INFO[0000] Creating archive cache.tgz ...               
INFO[0002] Done!                                        
Archiving artifacts...
INFO[0000] Creating archive artifacts.tgz ...           
INFO[0000] Done!                                        
Uploading artifacts...
20.0K   artifacts.tgz

Build succeeded.

【问题讨论】：

我不明白这个问题。你已经为你的 Android 测试设置了 Gitlab CI，它运行良好。虽然，你想在测试期间运行安装在你的 Gitlab 服务器上的 Gradle 和 Android SDK，而不是下载，只使用现有的，对吗？当您尝试缓存依赖项时，您能否从失败的构建中添加日志？添加了上次构建的日志我将构建配置为使用这些。工件工作正常。您的问题是：您不想每次都下载依赖项，而是想从本地缓存中使用它们？我很困惑这个问题遇到了如此多的困惑。每次提交都一遍又一遍地下载相同的 2GB 有点疯狂，那么如何缓存呢？我来回破解-v /srv/gitlab-runner/cache/:/cache/:rw 和cp -ru 之类的东西，但我觉得错过了一些东西。我不能告诉我的 gitlab-ci-multi-runner 以某种方式使用缓存吗？ 【参考方案1】：

https://***.com/a/35478988/2026105

原来另一个帖子有这个问题的答案！有一种解决方法是运行 before_script 将 GRADLE_HOME 设置为您的项目目录，然后您可以使用缓存指令进行设置。

before_script:
    - export GRADLE_USER_HOME=`pwd`/.gradle

cache:
  paths:
     - .gradle/wrapper
     - .gradle/caches

build:
  stage: build
  script:
     - ./gradlew assemble

test:
  stage: test
  script:
     - ./gradlew check

【讨论】：

太好了，这行得通。你只需要- chmod +x ./gradlew in before_script。做export GRADLE_USER_HOME=/cache/.gradle 这样的事情不是更好的解决方案吗？因为它总是自动缓存。 @Hubbitus - 可能 - 如果可行，可以将其添加到答案中作为替代/更简单的方法。据我所知，如果您使用Shared Runners，这将不起作用，因为每个阶段都可能在不同的阶段运行。 @madlymad - 我认为你是对的。您需要为此使用工件，以便将文件压缩并提供给其他阶段。【参考方案2】：

根据Kamil Trzciński

我们在构建容器之外运行缓存。所以你可以缓存绝对路径，但由于只有 /builds 和 /cache 被传输给你无法缓存容器本地文件。

这意味着您需要将 gradle 文件放入例如/cache 文件夹

before_script:
  - export GRADLE_USER_HOME=cache/.gradle

...

cache:
  key: "$CI_COMMIT_REF_NAME" #optional: per branch caching, can be omitted
  paths:
    - $GRADLE_USER_HOME/caches/
    - $GRADLE_USER_HOME/wrapper/
    - $GRADLE_USER_HOME/build-cache/

/cache 文件夹将自动保留，但为了清晰起见，我保留了缓存配置。

【讨论】：

GRADLE_USER_HOME 和您指定的 paths 似乎不匹配？ @jitter 和 PerLundberg 我不确定你们到底是什么意思。如果您有改进建议，我欢迎您对您认为不正确的地方、原因以及如何修复它进行编辑或明确解释我很好奇，你为什么需要在你的 .gitlab-ci.yaml 中添加缓存定义，因为无论如何都会挂载 /cache 目录？另外，GitLab 提供的缓存仅适用于构建目录中的文件。

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