从多个嵌套数组中获取所有组合
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【中文标题】从多个嵌套数组中获取所有组合【英文标题】:Get all combinations from multiple nested arrays 【发布时间】:2012-03-05 10:09:53 【问题描述】:我正在尝试在 php 中提出一种算法来获取嵌套数组的所有组合:
Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[0] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => rough
)
[1] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => smooth
)
[2] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => coarse
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[0] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => shiney
)
[1] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => mat
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[0] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => Large
)
[1] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => Medium
)
[2] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => Small
)
[3] => Option Object
(
[strValue] => very large
)
)
)
所以我会得到类似的东西:
-粗糙,闪亮,大
-粗糙,闪亮,小
-粗糙,闪亮,中等
-粗糙,闪亮,非常大
-光滑,闪亮,大
-光滑,闪亮,小
-光滑,闪亮,中等
-光滑,闪亮,非常大
等(在本例中应为 24)
我已经尝试了各种 foreach 示例和一些基本的递归函数,但我似乎没有得到什么快。如果有人能给出如何解决这个问题的基本大纲,我将非常感激,谢谢!
【问题讨论】:
您的代码(理想情况下会添加到问题中)究竟是如何失败的?因为乍一看,一组 3 个嵌套的 for 循环应该是解决您的问题所需要的全部。 我不会说数组是嵌套的,必然。它们都包含在父数组中,但它们彼此之间没有嵌套。但是要使用它们创建一个cartesian product,你确实需要嵌套循环。 Finding cartesian product with PHP associative arrays的可能重复 好吧,它不一定只需要 3 个 foreach。上面可以有任意数量的额外元素 刚刚有机会试用你提到的笛卡尔函数,非常感谢! 【参考方案1】:我刚刚写了这个,它适用于任何长度的数组..
<?php
function cartesian_product($a)
$result = array(array());
foreach ($a as $list)
$_tmp = array();
foreach ($result as $result_item)
foreach ($list as $list_item)
$_tmp[] = array_merge($result_item, array($list_item));
$result = $_tmp;
return $result;
// Let's test this..
header('Content-type: text/plain');
$a = array(
array('rough','smooth','coarse'),
array('shiney','mat'),
array('small','medium','large','x-large'),
);
$result = cartesian_product($a);
foreach ($result as $row)
print implode(", ", $row) ."\n";
编辑:稍微改进了代码..
【讨论】:
哦,仅供参考,在 Python 中你会这样做:***.com/questions/533905/… :)【参考方案2】:是时候嵌套一些 foreach 循环了!
<?php
$array1 = array('rough', 'smooth', 'coarse');
$array2 = array('shiny', 'matte');
$array3 = array('very large', 'large', 'medium', 'small');
foreach($array1 as $i)
foreach($array2 as $j)
foreach($array3 as $k)
$output[] = "$i, $j, $k";
var_dump($output);
/* ouput
array
0 => string 'rough, shiny, very large' (length=24)
1 => string 'rough, shiny, large' (length=19)
2 => string 'rough, shiny, medium' (length=20)
3 => string 'rough, shiny, small' (length=19)
4 => string 'rough, matte, very large' (length=24)
5 => string 'rough, matte, large' (length=19)
6 => string 'rough, matte, medium' (length=20)
7 => string 'rough, matte, small' (length=19)
8 => string 'smooth, shiny, very large' (length=25)
9 => string 'smooth, shiny, large' (length=20)
10 => string 'smooth, shiny, medium' (length=21)
11 => string 'smooth, shiny, small' (length=20)
12 => string 'smooth, matte, very large' (length=25)
13 => string 'smooth, matte, large' (length=20)
14 => string 'smooth, matte, medium' (length=21)
15 => string 'smooth, matte, small' (length=20)
16 => string 'coarse, shiny, very large' (length=25)
17 => string 'coarse, shiny, large' (length=20)
18 => string 'coarse, shiny, medium' (length=21)
19 => string 'coarse, shiny, small' (length=20)
20 => string 'coarse, matte, very large' (length=25)
21 => string 'coarse, matte, large' (length=20)
22 => string 'coarse, matte, medium' (length=21)
23 => string 'coarse, matte, small' (length=20)
*/
?>
【讨论】:
感谢您提供使回复易于验证的输出【参考方案3】:这是psuedo-PHP中的蛮力(最差效率)算法:
$array1 = $array[0];
$array2 = $array[1];
$array3 = $array[2];
$results = array();
for( $i = 0; $i < count( $array1); $i++)
for( $j = 0; $j < count( $array2); $j++)
for( $k = 0; $k < count( $array3); $k++)
$results[] = $array1[$i] . ',' . $array2[$j] . ',' . $array3[$k];
【讨论】:
正如我刚才在上面评论的,它不一定只需要 3 个 foreach。上面可以有任意数量的额外元素,这是动态的,所以我不能只将它限制为 3 嵌套 for/foreach 哦,我的错。您的标题具有误导性,因为它专门说 3 个数组。以上是关于从多个嵌套数组中获取所有组合的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章