离子“ERR_CLEARTEXT_NOT_PERMITTED”

Posted 2023-05-06

【中文标题】离子“ERR_CLEARTEXT_NOT_PERMITTED”

【英文标题】：Ionic "ERR_CLEARTEXT_NOT_PERMITTED"

【发布时间】：2020-07-24 06:59:21

【问题描述】：

我在将 Ionic 应用程序部署到 android 时遇到问题，特别是我的 Arcgis 嵌入式地图。我收到错误“net::ERR_CLEARTEXT_NOT_PERMITTED”

经过研究，我发现这可能是因为地址是 HTTP::// 而不是 HTTPS::// 但即使在遵循其他人更改 AndroidManifest 的解决方案之后

android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"

我仍然遇到同样的错误。因为这是一个嵌入式链接，我无法将其更改为 https::// 我什至试图删除

android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"

但仍然收到相同的错误。该地图在从浏览器运行时运行良好，但一旦部署到 android 就会中断。生病链接下面的文件

html 文件

<ion-header>
  <ion-toolbar>
    <ion-buttons slot="start">
      <ion-back-button></ion-back-button>
    </ion-buttons>

  </ion-toolbar>
</ion-header>

<ion-content>

  <div class="embed-container">
  <iframe   frameborder="0" scrolling="no" margin margin title="ShipWrecks"
  src="//stubbsie.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Embed/index.html?webmap=054a9d0eb0984141be2863a8c3abb705&extent=-9.5902,51.2352,-5.5335,52.6355&home=true&zoom=true&previewImage=true&scale=true&search=true&searchextent=true&details=true&legend=true&active_panel=legend&basemap_gallery=true&disable_scroll=true&theme=dark"></iframe>
  </div>
</ion-content>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<manifest android:hardwareAccelerated="true" 
android:targetSandboxVersion="1" 
android:versionCode="1" 
android:versionName="0.0.1" 
package="io.ionic.starter" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <supports-screens 
    android:anyDensity="true" 
    android:largeScreens="true" 
    android:normalScreens="true" 
    android:resizeable="true" 
    android:smallScreens="true" 
    android:xlargeScreens="true" />

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <application 
    android:hardwareAccelerated="true" 
    android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" 
    android:label="@string/app_name" 
    android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" 
    android:supportsRtl="true" 
    android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">


        <activity android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|locale|smallestScreenSize|screenLayout|uiMode" android:label="@string/activity_name" android:launchMode="singleTop" android:name="MainActivity" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.DeviceDefault.NoActionBar" android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">

            <intent-filter android:label="@string/launcher_name">
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.location.gps" />
</manifest>

Config.xml 在这里我尝试在应用程序中添加 android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" 行，但没有成功。

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<widget id="io.ionic.starter" version="0.0.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/ns/widgets" xmlns:cdv="http://cordova.apache.org/ns/1.0">
    <name>MyApp</name>
    <description>An awesome Ionic/Cordova app.</description>
    <author email="[e-mail]" href="http://ionicframework.com/">Ionic Framework Team</author>
    <content src="index.html" />
    <access origin="*" />
    <allow-intent href="http://*/*" />
    <allow-intent href="https://*/*" />
    <allow-intent href="tel:*" />
    <allow-intent href="sms:*" />
    <allow-intent href="mailto:*" />
    <allow-intent href="geo:*" />
    <preference name="ScrollEnabled" value="false" />
    <preference name="android-minSdkVersion" value="19" />
    <preference name="BackupWebStorage" value="none" />
    <preference name="SplashMaintainAspectRatio" value="true" />
    <preference name="FadeSplashScreenDuration" value="300" />
    <preference name="SplashShowOnlyFirstTime" value="false" />
    <preference name="SplashScreen" value="screen" />
    <preference name="SplashScreenDelay" value="3000" />
    <platform name="android">
        <edit-config file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" mode="merge" target="/manifest/application" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
            <application android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" />
        </edit-config>
        <edit-config file="*-Info.plist" mode="merge" target="NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription">
            <string>We use your location for full functionality of certain app features.</string>
        </edit-config>
        <resource-file src="resources/android/xml/network_security_config.xml" target="app/src/main/res/xml/network_security_config.xml" />
        <allow-intent href="market:*" />
        <icon density="ldpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-ldpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="mdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-mdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="hdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-hdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xhdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xxhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xxhdpi-icon.png" />
        <icon density="xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/icon/drawable-xxxhdpi-icon.png" />
        <splash density="land-ldpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-ldpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-mdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-mdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-hdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-hdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="land-xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-land-xxxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-ldpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-ldpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-mdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-mdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-hdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-hdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxhdpi-screen.png" />
        <splash density="port-xxxhdpi" src="resources/android/splash/drawable-port-xxxhdpi-screen.png" />
    </platform>
    <platform name="ios">
        <allow-intent href="itms:*" />
        <allow-intent href="itms-apps:*" />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-small.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-20.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-29.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-40.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-50.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-60.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-72.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-76.png"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/[e-mail]"  />
        <icon  src="resources/ios/icon/icon-1024.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default~iphone.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default@2x~iphone.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait~ipad.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape~ipad.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-2436h.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape-736h.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait@2x~ipad.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape@2x~ipad.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Portrait@~ipadpro.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-Landscape@~ipadpro.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-568h@2x~iphone.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-667h.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-736h.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default-2436h.png"  />
        <splash  src="resources/ios/splash/Default@2x~universal~anyany.png"  />
    </platform>
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-whitelist" spec="1.3.3" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-statusbar" spec="2.4.2" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-device" spec="2.0.2" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-splashscreen" spec="5.0.2" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-ionic-webview" spec="^4.0.0" />
    <plugin name="cordova-plugin-ionic-keyboard" spec="^2.0.5" />
</widget>

我不确定从这里去哪里如何让它工作。由于这是我的应用程序的重要组成部分，我真的需要它来运行。

【问题讨论】：

您是否在edit-config 中添加了<application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" /> 到config.xml？

【参考方案1】：

我通过更改我的 Config.xml 并使用此代码更新它解决了我的问题。

<access origin="*" />
    <edit-config file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" mode="merge" target="/manifest/application">
        <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" />
    </edit-config>
    <allow-navigation href="*" />

并从 Config 和我的 AndroidManifest.xml 中删除

android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"

【参考方案2】：

将<application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" /> 添加到config.xml 内edit-config。

<platform name="android">
    <edit-config file="app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml" mode="merge" target="/manifest/application" xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
          <application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" />
          <application android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config" />
    </edit-config>
    ...
</platform>

【参考方案3】：

将纯数据传递到不安全的 URL 时可能会导致此问题。在将<application android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" /> 添加到config.xml 之前，请检查您是否可以将请求作为https，而不是http。

【参考方案4】：

这是因为不允许使用明文。

但解决方法很简单。

在文件夹 resorces/android/xml 中有一个文件 network_security_config.xml

请添加本地域或不安全域或 IP。

例如：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">192.168.0.7</domain>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">192.168.0.12</domain>
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">10.10.1.112</domain>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

那么，请再跑一次……就是这样。