使用 JSON 序列化 Gtk TreeStore / ListStore
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【中文标题】使用 JSON 序列化 Gtk TreeStore / ListStore【英文标题】：Serialize Gtk TreeStore / ListStore using JSON 【发布时间】：2015-07-04 19:47:45 【问题描述】：我做了一个新的例子，它更好地展示了我正在尝试做的事情。新示例给出以下输出。有没有办法让数据进入相应的存储键（ 括号）？
"copy": [
[
[
5.0,
8.0,
9.0
]
],
[
[
4.0,
0.0,
1.0
]
]
],
"name": "dataset1",
"sets": [
"store": ,
"type": "vector"
,
"store": ,
"type": "vector"
]
新示例
from gi.repository import Gtk
import json
import random
class Vector(object):
def __init__(self, data):
self.store = Gtk.ListStore(float, float, float)
self.store.append([data[0], data[1], data[2]])
self.type = "vector"
def return_data(self):
store_data = []
def iterate_over_data(model, path, itr):
row = model[path]
store_data.append([row[0], row[1], row[2]])
self.store.foreach(iterate_over_data)
return store_data
class DataSet(object):
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.sets = []
def add_vector(self):
data = [random.randint(0,9) for x in range(3)]
self.sets.append(Vector(data))
def to_json(self):
self.copy = []
for s in self.sets:
self.copy.append(s.return_data())
return json.dumps(self, default=lambda o: o.__dict__,
sort_keys=True, indent=4)
obj1 = DataSet("dataset1")
for x in range(2):
obj1.add_vector()
print(obj1.to_json())
老例子
我目前正在研究如何序列化嵌套在 Gtk TreeStore 中的 Gtk ListStore。我有一个小例子可以工作，但不确定这种方法是否适用于附加更多数据的程序（例如，图层对象可以保存颜色或创建日期）。有没有其他方法可以解决这个问题？
我目前的方法是自己收集列表和字典形式的数据，然后创建 JSON 转储。我觉得如果我需要为每个图层对象附加 25 个值，这将很难维护。
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
import json
import random
class LayerTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
self.store = store
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class MainWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="TreeView Serialize")
self.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
self.set_border_width(10)
self.set_default_size(400, 300)
vbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
self.add(vbox)
self.clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
hbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6)
button = Gtk.Button("Cut")
button.connect("clicked", self.on_cut_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_COPY)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_copy_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_PASTE)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_paste_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(hbox)
self.layer_store = Gtk.TreeStore(str, object, object)
self.layer_view = LayerTreeView(self.layer_store)
self.layer_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
self.data_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
self.layer_sw.add(self.layer_view)
treebox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
treebox.pack_start(self.layer_sw, True, True, 0)
treebox.pack_start(self.data_sw, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(treebox)
self.select = self.layer_view.get_selection()
self.select.connect("changed", self.on_selection_changed)
self.add_test_data()
def add_test_data(self):
for x in range(3):
data_store = Gtk.ListStore(str)
data_view = DataTreeView(data_store)
for y in range(5):
data_store.append([str(y+x)])
self.layer_store.append(None, ["Data ".format(x), data_store, data_view])
def on_selection_changed(self, selection):
"""
When layer is switched load respective data
"""
model, treeiter = selection.get_selected()
if treeiter != None:
data_view = model[treeiter][2]
child = self.data_sw.get_child()
if child != None:
self.data_sw.remove(self.data_sw.get_child())
self.data_sw.add(data_view)
self.show_all()
def on_cut_clicked(self, button):
pass
def on_copy_clicked(self, button):
copy_list = ["safe-to-paste"]
data_dict =
for row in self.layer_store:
name = row[0]
data_obj = row[1]
value_list = []
for datarow in data_obj:
value = datarow[0]
value_list.append(value)
data_dict[name] = value_list
copy_list.append(data_dict)
data = json.dumps(copy_list)
self.clipboard.set_text(data, -1)
def on_paste_clicked(self, button):
paste_str = self.clipboard.wait_for_text()
try:
parse = json.loads(paste_str)
json_str = True
except:
json_str = False
if json_str is False:
return
keyword = parse[0]
if keyword != "safe-to-paste":
return
data_dict = parse[1]
for x in data_dict:
data_list = data_dict[x]
data_store = Gtk.ListStore(str)
data_view = DataTreeView(data_store)
for y in data_list:
data_store.append([str(y)])
self.layer_store.append(None, [x, data_store, data_view])
win = MainWindow()
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
【问题讨论】：
您是否将剪贴板和 json 用于其他用途？否则，可能有更简单的方法。 我也想用这个来加载/保存和拖放。但我刚开始研究这个，不知道有更好的解决方案。 【参考方案1】：我有一个改进的代码版本，带有 dict 理解和 @staticmethod，它使信号回调更具可读性和更短。尽管如此，这并不能真正解决您的问题，因为它仍然手动生成 json。如果 ListStore 变得更复杂，最好让DataListStore 类使用相应的方法生成自己的 json。
from gi.repository import Gtk, Gdk
import json
class LayerTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self, store):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self, store)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Name", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataTreeView(Gtk.TreeView):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.TreeView.__init__(self)
renderer = Gtk.CellRendererText()
column = Gtk.TreeViewColumn("Data", renderer, text=0)
self.append_column(column)
class DataListStore(Gtk.ListStore):
@staticmethod
def from_json(*args, values=[]):
store = DataListStore(*args)
for value in values:
store.append((value,))
return store
class MainWindow(Gtk.Window):
def __init__(self):
Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="TreeView Serialize")
self.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
self.set_border_width(10)
self.set_default_size(400, 300)
vbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
self.add(vbox)
self.clipboard = Gtk.Clipboard.get(Gdk.SELECTION_CLIPBOARD)
hbox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6)
button = Gtk.Button("Cut")
button.connect("clicked", self.on_cut_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_COPY)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_copy_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
button = Gtk.Button(stock=Gtk.STOCK_PASTE)
button.connect("clicked", self.on_paste_clicked)
hbox.pack_start(button, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(hbox)
self.layer_store = Gtk.TreeStore(str, object)
self.layer_view = LayerTreeView(self.layer_store)
self.data_view = DataTreeView()
layer_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
layer_sw.add(self.layer_view)
data_sw = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
data_sw.add(self.data_view)
treebox = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=6, expand=True)
treebox.pack_start(layer_sw, True, True, 0)
treebox.pack_start(data_sw, True, True, 0)
vbox.add(treebox)
select = self.layer_view.get_selection()
select.connect("changed", self.on_selection_changed)
self.add_test_data()
def add_test_data(self):
for x in range(3):
data_list = [str(y+x) for y in range(5)]
self.layer_store.append(None, ["Data ".format(x), data_list])
def on_selection_changed(self, selection):
"""
When layer is switched load respective data
"""
model, treeiter = selection.get_selected()
if treeiter != None:
self.data_view.set_model(
DataListStore.from_json(str, values=model[treeiter][1])
)
def on_cut_clicked(self, button):
pass
def on_copy_clicked(self, button):
copy_list = [
'safe-to-paste',
row[0]: row[1] for row in self.layer_store,
]
data = json.dumps(copy_list)
self.clipboard.set_text(data, -1)
def on_paste_clicked(self, button):
paste_str = self.clipboard.wait_for_text()
try:
parse = json.loads(paste_str)
except:
return
if parse[0] != "safe-to-paste":
return
data_dict = parse[1]
for x in data_dict:
self.layer_store.append(None, [x, data_dict[x]])
win = MainWindow()
win.show_all()
Gtk.main()
【讨论】：
真的很不错的改进。您认为将数据存储在字典中并从该字典重新填充列表存储会更好吗？我在想，使用原生 Python 数据类型可能比教序列化如何处理 Gtk Liststore 更容易？ 如果你想将数据保存到文件中，json 会让事情变得更容易，但现在它不是很有用。以上是关于使用 JSON 序列化 Gtk TreeStore / ListStore的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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