PySimpleGUI 中的交互式 matplotlib 绘图

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【中文标题】PySimpleGUI 中的交互式 matplotlib 绘图【英文标题】：Interactive matplotlib plot in PySimpleGUI 【发布时间】：2021-01-31 20:01:54 【问题描述】：

我正在尝试让 RectangleSelector 表单 matplotlib.widgets 与 PySimpleGUI 一起使用。 我的测试代码基于接受的答案on this question 中显示的 RectangleSelector 演示。

我正在 PySimpleGUI 中显示该图，但它不是交互式的。在 PySimpleGUI 中是否有可能拥有交互式 matplotlib 小部件？

import PySimpleGUI as sg
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.widgets  import RectangleSelector
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

xdata = np.linspace(0,9*np.pi, num=301)
ydata = np.sin(xdata)

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
line, = ax.plot(xdata, ydata)


def draw_figure(canvas, figure):
    figure_canvas_agg = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, canvas)
    figure_canvas_agg.draw()
    figure_canvas_agg.get_tk_widget().pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=1)
    return figure_canvas_agg


def line_select_callback(eclick, erelease):
    x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata
    x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata

    rect = plt.Rectangle( (min(x1,x2),min(y1,y2)), np.abs(x1-x2), np.abs(y1-y2) )
    ax.add_patch(rect)


rs = RectangleSelector(ax, line_select_callback,
                       drawtype='box', useblit=False, button=[1],
                       minspanx=5, minspany=5, spancoords='pixels',
                       interactive=True)
                       

layout = [[sg.Canvas(key="-CANVAS-")]]

window = sg.Window('test', layout, finalize=True, element_justification='center', font='Helvetica 16')
draw_figure(window["-CANVAS-"].TKCanvas, fig)
event, values = window.read()

编辑：感谢 MikeyB 提供的指针，我现在有了以下代码，它显示了一个交互式绘图，但仍然无法绘制矩形。回调函数似乎没有被触发。新代码如下：

import PySimpleGUI as sg
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.widgets  import RectangleSelector
import matplotlib.figure as figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk

# instantiate matplotlib figure
fig = figure.Figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
DPI = fig.get_dpi()
fig.set_size_inches(505 * 2 / float(DPI), 707 / float(DPI))

# ------------------------------- This is to include a matplotlib figure in a Tkinter canvas
def draw_figure_w_toolbar(canvas, fig, canvas_toolbar):
    if canvas.children:
        for child in canvas.winfo_children():
            child.destroy()
    if canvas_toolbar.children:
        for child in canvas_toolbar.winfo_children():
            child.destroy()
    figure_canvas_agg = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=canvas)
    figure_canvas_agg.draw()
    toolbar = Toolbar(figure_canvas_agg, canvas_toolbar)
    toolbar.update()
    figure_canvas_agg.get_tk_widget().pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=1)


def line_select_callback(eclick, erelease):
    x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata
    x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata

    rect = plt.Rectangle( (min(x1,x2),min(y1,y2)), np.abs(x1-x2), np.abs(y1-y2) )
    print(rect)
    ax.add_patch(rect)


class Toolbar(NavigationToolbar2Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Toolbar, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)


# ------------------------------- PySimpleGUI CODE

layout = [
    [sg.B('start', key='start')],
    [sg.Canvas(key='controls_cv')],
    [sg.Column(
        layout=[
            [sg.Canvas(key='fig_cv',
                       # it's important that you set this size
                       size=(500 * 2, 700)
                       )]
        ],
        background_color='#DAE0E6',
        pad=(0, 0)
    )],
]

window = sg.Window('Test', layout)

while True:
    event, values = window.read()
    print(event, values)
    if event == sg.WIN_CLOSED:
        break
    elif event == 'start':
        x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi)
        y = np.sin(x)
        line, = ax.plot(x, y)
        rs = RectangleSelector(ax, line_select_callback,
                       drawtype='box', useblit=False, button=[1],
                       minspanx=5, minspany=5, spancoords='pixels',
                       interactive=True)
        draw_figure_w_toolbar(window['fig_cv'].TKCanvas, fig, window['controls_cv'].TKCanvas)

window.close()

【问题讨论】：

【参考方案1】：

你需要添加

    fig.canvas.draw()

如果您希望在回调触发后更新绘图，请发送到您的回调函数！

这是您的代码的更新版本，可以正常工作：

import PySimpleGUI as sg
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.widgets  import RectangleSelector
import matplotlib.figure as figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2Tk
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# instantiate matplotlib figure
fig = figure.Figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
DPI = fig.get_dpi()
fig.set_size_inches(505 * 2 / float(DPI), 707 / float(DPI))

# ------------------------------- This is to include a matplotlib figure in a Tkinter canvas
def draw_figure_w_toolbar(canvas, fig, canvas_toolbar):
    if canvas.children:
        for child in canvas.winfo_children():
            child.destroy()
    if canvas_toolbar.children:
        for child in canvas_toolbar.winfo_children():
            child.destroy()
    figure_canvas_agg = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, master=canvas)
    figure_canvas_agg.draw()
    toolbar = Toolbar(figure_canvas_agg, canvas_toolbar)
    toolbar.update()
    figure_canvas_agg.get_tk_widget().pack(side='right', fill='both', expand=1)


def line_select_callback(eclick, erelease):
    x1, y1 = eclick.xdata, eclick.ydata
    x2, y2 = erelease.xdata, erelease.ydata

    rect = plt.Rectangle( (min(x1,x2),min(y1,y2)), np.abs(x1-x2), np.abs(y1-y2) )
    print(rect)
    ax.add_patch(rect)
    fig.canvas.draw()

class Toolbar(NavigationToolbar2Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Toolbar, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)


# ------------------------------- PySimpleGUI CODE

layout = [
    [sg.B('start', key='start')],
    [sg.Canvas(key='controls_cv')],
    [sg.Column(
        layout=[
            [sg.Canvas(key='fig_cv',
                       # it's important that you set this size
                       size=(500 * 2, 700)
                       )]
        ],
        background_color='#DAE0E6',
        pad=(0, 0)
    )],
]

window = sg.Window('Test', layout)

while True:
    event, values = window.read()
    print(event, values)
    if event == sg.WIN_CLOSED:
        break
    elif event == 'start':
        x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi)
        y = np.sin(x)
        line, = ax.plot(x, y)
        rs = RectangleSelector(ax, line_select_callback,
                       drawtype='box', useblit=False, button=[1],
                       minspanx=5, minspany=5, spancoords='pixels',
                       interactive=True)
        draw_figure_w_toolbar(window['fig_cv'].TKCanvas, fig, window['controls_cv'].TKCanvas)

window.close()

【讨论】：

【参考方案2】：

在 PySimpleGUI 中是否有可能拥有交互式 matplotlib 小部件？

是的。

项目 GitHub 上的演示程序展示了如何制作交互式 Matplotlib 绘图。

https://github.com/PySimpleGUI/PySimpleGUI/blob/master/DemoPrograms/Demo_Matplotlib_Embedded_Toolbar.py

您需要将控件嵌入到窗口中。

【讨论】：

谢谢！我现在使用这个演示作为起点并更新了我的问题中的代码，但仍然没有任何运气可以绘制任何东西。

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