如何从另一个类/屏幕 kivy 访问值
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【中文标题】如何从另一个类/屏幕 kivy 访问值【英文标题】：How to access the value from another class/screen kivy 【发布时间】：2018-03-14 14:20:42 【问题描述】：我想将弹出窗口中的标签设置为我已经在另一个屏幕/类中声明的值。我该怎么做？
class ScreenTwo(Screen):
self.result = StringProperty(None)
def Winning(self):
wp = WinningPopup()
wp.open()
class WinningPopup(Popup):
pass
这是显示两个类的主文件的一部分，一个是屏幕，一个是弹出窗口。
<WinningPopup>:
id: winning_popup
Label:
id: winning_label
text: root.parent.ScreenTwo.checkwin.result
这是来自 kv 文件的弹出窗口试图指示在 screentwo 中为标签文本保存的值，我尝试了 root.self.ScreenTwo，尝试了 root.checkwin.result，尝试了这些的所有组合，但是它只是给出一个找不到结果的错误。如何将标签中的文本链接到 screentwo 中存储的值？
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：这不是正确的 Python 语法，也不是正确的 Python 命名约定。首先self.result = StringProperty(None) 没有意义。只需result = StringProperty(None)。函数名也必须是小写的。
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen, ScreenManager
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.lang import Builder
layout = """
<WinningPopup>:
id: winning_popup
Label:
id: winning_label
text: root.result
"""
class ScreenTwo(Screen):
result = StringProperty('')
def __init__(self):
super(ScreenTwo, self).__init__()
self.add_widget(WinningPopup(self.result))
class WinningPopup(Popup):
result = StringProperty('')
def __init__(self, result):
super(WinningPopup, self).__init__()
self.result = result
class MyApp(App):
def build(self):
Builder.load_string(layout)
s_m = ScreenManager()
s_m.add_widget(ScreenTwo())
return s_m
if __name__ == '__main__':
MyApp().run()
【讨论】：
【参考方案2】：用你的方法做作业更容易，Winning。详情请参考下面的sn-p和示例。
片段
class ScreenTwo(Screen):
result = StringProperty("Testing-1-2-3")
def Winning(self):
wp = WinningPopup()
wp.ids.winning_label.text = self.result
wp.open()
示例
main.py
>from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
class WinningPopup(Popup):
pass
class MyScreenManager(ScreenManager):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(MyScreenManager, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.current = "screen2" # display ScreenTwo
class ScreenTwo(Screen):
result = StringProperty("Testing-1-2-3")
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(ScreenTwo, self).__init__(**kwargs)
self.Winning() # display popup
def Winning(self):
wp = WinningPopup()
wp.ids.winning_label.text = self.result
wp.open()
class TestApp(App):
def build(self):
return MyScreenManager()
if __name__ == "__main__":
TestApp().run()
test.kv
#:kivy 1.10.0
<WinningPopup>:
id: winning_popup
Label:
id: winning_label
<MyScreenManager>:
ScreenTwo:
name: "screen2"
<ScreenTwo>:
输出
示例 2 - 井字游戏
nandx.py
>from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.popup import Popup
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager, Screen
from kivy.properties import ObjectProperty
from kivy.properties import StringProperty
from kivy.config import Config
import random
import sys
Config.set("graphics", "width", "420")
Config.set("graphics", "height", "600")
Config.set("graphics", "borderless", "0")
Config.set("graphics", "resizable", "0")
Config.set("kivy", "window_icon", "nyc.ico")
class Manager(ScreenManager):
screen_one = ObjectProperty(None)
screen_two = ObjectProperty(None)
class ScreenOne(Screen):
pass
class ScreenTwo(Screen):
playericon = ""
compicon = ""
array_of_buttons = [11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33]
array_of_lines = [[11, 12, 13], [11, 21, 31], [12, 22, 32], [13, 23, 33], [21, 22, 23], [31, 32, 33], [11, 22, 33],
[13, 22, 31]]
array_of_moves_player = []
array_of_moves_comp = []
result = StringProperty("")
def choosexoro(self, pressedchoice):
self.ids.choose_o.disabled = True
self.ids.choose_x.disabled = True
if pressedchoice == "x":
self.playericon = "x.png"
self.compicon = "circle.png"
x = 0
while x < 9:
butt = self.array_of_buttons[x]
butt = str(butt)
self.ids[butt].disabled = False
x += 1
else:
self.playericon = "circle.png"
self.compicon = "x.png"
x = 0
while x < 9:
butt = self.array_of_buttons[x]
butt = str(butt)
self.ids[butt].disabled = False
x += 1
return self.playericon, self.compicon
def movemade(self, pressed, pressed_for_array):
self.array_of_buttons.remove(pressed_for_array)
self.array_of_moves_player.append(pressed_for_array)
pressed.disabled = True
pressed.background_disabled_normal = (self.playericon)
if self.array_of_buttons == []:
self.checkwin()
else:
self.checkwin()
self.computersturn()
def computersturn(self):
lengthof = int(len(self.array_of_buttons))
compgo = random.randint(0, (lengthof - 1))
compchoice = (self.array_of_buttons.__getitem__(compgo))
self.array_of_moves_comp.append(compchoice)
compchoice_str = str(compchoice)
del self.array_of_buttons[compgo]
self.ids[compchoice_str].disabled = True
self.ids[compchoice_str].background_disabled_normal = (self.compicon)
self.checkwin()
def checkwin(self):
result = StringProperty("")
resultlist = 0
x = 0
while x < 8:
if set(self.array_of_lines[x]) <= set(self.array_of_moves_player):
resultlist = 1
# self.Winning()
break
else:
x += 1
x = 0
while x < 8:
if set(self.array_of_lines[x]) <= set(self.array_of_moves_comp):
resultlist = 2
# self.Winning()
break
else:
x += 1
if resultlist == 0 and self.array_of_buttons == []:
resultlist = 3
# self.Winning()
if resultlist == 1:
result = "You Win!"
self.Winning(result)
elif resultlist == 2:
result = "The Computer Wins!"
self.Winning(result)
elif resultlist == 3:
result = "It´s a Draw!"
self.Winning(result)
return self.result
def Winning(self, result):
wp = WinningPopup(size_hint=(None, None), size=(400, 400))
wp.ids.winning_label.text = result
wp.open()
def resetgame(self):
self.array_of_moves_player = []
self.array_of_moves_comp = []
self.array_of_buttons = [11, 12, 13, 21, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33]
x = 0
while x <= 8:
butt = self.array_of_buttons[x]
butt = str(butt)
self.ids[butt].background_disabled_normal = ("blank.png")
butt = int(butt)
x += 1
self.ids.choose_x.disabled = False
self.ids.choose_o.disabled = False
self.ids.top_player.text = "Player 1"
self.ids.bottom_player.text = "Player 2"
class WinningPopup(Popup):
def quitgame(self):
sys.exit(0)
class nandxApp(App, ScreenTwo):
def build(self):
self.title = "Noughts and Crosses"
return Manager()
if __name__ == "__main__":
nandxApp().run()
nandx.kv
#:kivy 1.0
#:import hex kivy.utils.rgba
<Manager>:
ScreenOne:
id: screen_one
ScreenTwo:
id: screen_two
<ScreenOne>:
id: screen_one
name: "screen1"
GridLayout:
size_hint: (.5, .5)
pos_hint: "center_x":0.5,"center_y":0.6
rows: 3
padding: 20
Label:
size_hint: (.2, .2)
text: "Please enter\nyour name:"
font_size: 30
halign: 'center'
valign: 'middle'
TextInput:
size_hint: (.2, .06)
cursor_blink: True
font_size: 20
multiline: 0
id: player_name
Button:
size_hint: (.2, .08)
text: "Continue"
on_release:
root.manager.current = "screen2"
root.manager.ids.screen_two.ids.final_playername.text=player_name.text
<ScreenTwo>:
id: screen_two
name: "screen2"
GridLayout:
cols: 3
size: root.size
spacing: 10
padding: 10
Button:
id: 11
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 11)
Button:
id: 12
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 12)
Button:
id: 13
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 13)
Button:
id: 21
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 21)
Button:
id: 22
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 22)
Button:
id: 23
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 23)
Button:
id: 31
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 31)
Button:
id: 32
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 32)
Button:
id: 33
disabled: True
background_normal: ("blank.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("blank.png")
on_release:
root.movemade(self, 33)
Button:
id: choose_x
background_normal: ("x.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("x.png")
on_release:
root.choosexoro("x")
root.ids.top_player.text=("<--"+(root.ids.final_playername.text))
root.ids.bottom_player.text=("Computer -->")
GridLayout:
rows: 2
Label:
id: top_player
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (.67,.3,.95,1)
text: "Player 1"
Label:
id: bottom_player
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (.67,.3,.95,1)
text: "Player 2"
Button:
id: choose_o
background_normal: ("circle.png")
background_disabled_normal: ("circle.png")
on_release:
root.choosexoro("o")
root.ids.bottom_player.text=("<--"+(root.ids.final_playername.text))
root.ids.top_player.text=("Computer -->")
GridLayout:
rows: 3
Label:
id: final_playername
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (0,1,0,1)
text: ""
Label:
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (1,0,0,1)
text: "Score:"
Label:
id: userscore
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (1,0,0,1)
text: "0"
Label:
text: ""
GridLayout:
rows: 3
Label:
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (0,1,0,1)
text: "Computer"
Label:
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (1,0,0,1)
text: "Score:"
Label:
id: computerscore
font_size: 20
bold: True
color: (1,0,0,1)
text: "0"
<WinningPopup>:
id: winning_popup
name: "WinningPopup"
title: "Winner!"
GridLayout:
size: root.size
spacing: 30
padding: 30
cols: 1
Label:
id: winning_label
font_size: 30
bold: True
color: (.5,.5,.5,1)
text: "Unknown" #root.result
Button:
text: "Play Again"
on_release:
root.resetgame()
root.dismiss()
Button:
text: "Quit"
on_release: root.quitgame()
输出 - 示例 2
【讨论】：
感谢您的帮助，但是这种方法将弹出窗口置于屏幕2的背景中，并且在传递结果时仍然给我一个错误。我发现在弹出窗口中，如果我这样做，x = ScreenTwo（）然后结果 = x.result，理论上它应该通过它，但是整个事情崩溃了，也没有任何好的错误，整个程序崩溃：进程完成退出代码-1073741819（0xC0000005）。我的完整代码是：pastebin.com/mFqa5TkP，kv 文件是：pastebin.com/1xBx4ksY 我已经更新了你的 Python 脚本和 Kivy 文件。我还将弹出窗口大小设置为更小。详情请参考“示例2”。 太棒了，谢谢。这对弹出窗口很有用，我可以看到我对 wins() 的引用太多了，这把事情搞砸了。我可以看到您如何将结果传递给弹出窗口，这很棒。我的重置按钮现在不起作用，我需要从 screentwo 类中引用重置方法。但我会努力的。谢谢你的帮助以上是关于如何从另一个类/屏幕 kivy 访问值的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章