WCF 客户端,XML 命名空间前缀导致空对象
Posted
技术标签:
【中文标题】WCF 客户端,XML 命名空间前缀导致空对象【英文标题】:WCF client, XML namespace prefix results in null object 【发布时间】:2019-12-20 18:44:58 【问题描述】:我创建了 WCF 服务 (.NET 4.6.2),第三方创建了客户端。
我无法控制客户端,也无法让第三方更改任何内容,因此任何更改都将仅在服务器端进行。
我已将代码最小化并匿名化到最低限度,希望能以尽可能少的代码证明问题。如果我犯了任何错误或您需要任何进一步的细节,我会相应地更改细节。
总结
客户端能够调用服务,解析器能够从 SOAP Action 中正确识别代码中的方法,但是传入的任何对象始终为空。我能够通过断点捕获请求并查看对象在运行时为空。
我已经确定问题主要是由客户端传递的 XML 命名空间前缀引起的。
我能够拦截传入的原始消息,并且可以准确地看到客户端发送的内容。
我能够操作这些传入的消息进行实验,然后将修改后的消息版本发布到服务,以使用基于通用浏览器的客户端测试结果。
示例数据合同:-
[DataContract(Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public class SomeObject
[DataMember]
public string SomeField get; set;
服务合同示例:-
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public interface IIncoming
[OperationContract]
XmlElement MyAction(SomeObject someObject);
实现先前定义的服务合同的示例 WCF 服务:-
[ServiceBehavior(Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public class Incoming : IIncoming
public XmlElement MyAction(SomeObject someObject)
XmlDocument response = new XmlDocument();
response.LoadXml("<Response>OK</Response>");
return response.DocumentElement;
这是第 3 方发布到服务的内容:-
/*3rd party original*/
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soapenv:Body>
<ns1:MyAction xmlns:ns1="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject xmlns="">
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</ns1:MyAction>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
断点代码,可以看到上面的结果是调用了MyAction,但是MyObject为null
我修改了 SOAP 消息以删除空白 xmlns,但 someObject 仍然为空
/*blank xmlns removed*/
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soapenv:Body>
<ns1:MyAction xmlns:ns1="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject>
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</ns1:MyAction>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
我修改了 SOAP 消息以删除 ns1 前缀,但 someObject 仍然为空
/*ns1 removed*/
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soapenv:Body>
<MyAction xmlns="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject xmlns="">
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</MyAction>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
现在,如果我同时删除 ns1 前缀和空白 xmlns,那么 someObject 会按预期正确填充。这解决了一切。唯一的问题是,我无法让客户进行此更改。
/*both removed - works*/
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soapenv:Body>
<MyAction xmlns="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject>
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</MyAction>
</soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>
首先,为什么会发生这种情况?正如我在 XML 中所理解的那样,前缀实际上与确定对象无关,因此 <ns1:Something>
应该与 <ns2:Something>
或 <Something>
相同的对象
然而,WCF 解析器确定 <ns1:Something>
不是 <Something>
如何在服务器端解决这个问题,最好是从 WCF 服务中解决?我在想是否有一种方法可以在 WCF 服务中解析消息之前捕获消息并预先去除 ns1: 和空白 xmlns?
非常感谢
编辑
这是一个示例,您可以复制/粘贴以准确重现问题:-
创建 WCF 服务应用程序 (.NET Framework 4.6.2)
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
namespace GenericIncoming
[ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public interface IIncoming
[OperationContract]
XmlElement MyAction(SomeObject someObject);
[DataContract(Namespace ="")]
public class SomeObject
[DataMember]
public string SomeField get; set;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
namespace GenericIncoming
[ServiceBehavior(Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public class Incoming : IIncoming
public XmlElement MyAction(SomeObject someObject)
XmlDocument response = new XmlDocument();
if (someObject != null)
response.LoadXml("<Response>OK</Response>");
else
response.LoadXml("<Response>NULL</Response>");
return response.DocumentElement;
运行您的 WCF 服务并将此消息发布到该服务,您将收到“OK”响应
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Body>
<MyAction xmlns="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject>
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</MyAction>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
现在如果你添加 ns1 前缀,就像第 3 方发送给我一样,那么响应为“NULL”,这意味着 WCF 中的对象为空,因为解析器无法处理 XML
<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<s:Body>
<ns1:MyAction xmlns:ns1="http://mycompanyname.co.uk">
<someObject>
<SomeField>Blah</SomeField>
</someObject>
</ns1:MyAction>
</s:Body>
</s:Envelope>
这是我无法解决的第一个问题
【问题讨论】:
【参考方案1】:尝试以下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
public class Program
const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
static void Main(string[] args)
string response = File.ReadAllText(FILENAME);
StringReader sReader = new StringReader(response);
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Envelope));
Envelope envelope = (Envelope)serializer.Deserialize(sReader);
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Envelope", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
public class Envelope
[XmlElement(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
public Body body get;set;
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "Body", Namespace = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/")]
public class Body
[XmlElement(ElementName = "MyAction", Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public MyAction myAction get; set;
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "MyAction", Namespace = "http://mycompanyname.co.uk")]
public class MyAction
[XmlElement(ElementName = "someObject", Namespace = "")]
public SomeObject someObject get; set;
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "someObject", Namespace = "")]
public class SomeObject
public string SomeField get; set;
【讨论】:
我已经尝试将 Namespace = "" 装饰添加到 SomeObject 类,但这与请求中存在我已投入大量时间寻找一种简单的解决方案,但似乎并不存在。
为了解决这个问题,我最终研究了 MessageInspectors,它允许在 WCF 服务处理原始 SOAP 消息之前查看和编辑它们。
创建一个实现 IDispatchMessageInspector 的类。这是实际过滤发生的地方
public class CorrectorInspector : IDispatchMessageInspector
public object AfterReceiveRequest(ref Message request, IClientChannel channel, InstanceContext instanceContext)
request = FilterMessage(request);
return null;
public void BeforeSendReply(ref Message reply, object correlationState)
return;
private Message FilterMessage(Message originalMessage)
MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream();
XmlWriter xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(memoryStream);
originalMessage.WriteMessage(xmlWriter);
xmlWriter.Flush();
string body = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(memoryStream.ToArray());
xmlWriter.Close();
//Remove the ns1 prefix
body = body.Replace("ns1:", "");
body = body.Replace(":ns1", "");
//remove the blank namespace
body = body.Replace(" xmlns=\"\"","");
memoryStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(body));
XmlDictionaryReader xmlDictionaryReader = XmlDictionaryReader.CreateTextReader(memoryStream, new XmlDictionaryReaderQuotas());
Message newMessage = Message.CreateMessage(xmlDictionaryReader, int.MaxValue, originalMessage.Version);
newMessage.Properties.CopyProperties(originalMessage.Properties);
return newMessage;
创建一个实现 IEndpointBehavior 的类
public class CorrectorBehavior : IEndpointBehavior
public void AddBindingParameters(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, BindingParameterCollection bindingParameters)
return;
public void ApplyClientBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, ClientRuntime clientRuntime)
return;
public void ApplyDispatchBehavior(ServiceEndpoint endpoint, EndpointDispatcher endpointDispatcher)
CorrectorInspector inspector = new CorrectorInspector();
endpointDispatcher.DispatchRuntime.MessageInspectors.Add(inspector);
public void Validate(ServiceEndpoint endpoint)
return;
创建一个实现 BehaviorExtensionElement 的类
public class CorrectorBehaviourExtensionElement : BehaviorExtensionElement
public override Type BehaviorType
get
return typeof(CorrectorBehavior);
protected override object CreateBehavior()
return new CorrectorBehavior();
在 web.config 中,我们需要定义 behaviorExtension、serviceBehavior,然后我们需要针对服务绑定指定我们新创建的行为
<system.serviceModel>
<services>
<service name="GenericIncoming.Incoming">
<endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="GenericIncoming.IIncoming" behaviorConfiguration="correctorBehavior" />
</service>
</services>
<behaviors>
<serviceBehaviors>
<behavior>
<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true"/>
<serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
</behavior>
</serviceBehaviors>
<endpointBehaviors>
<behavior name="correctorBehavior">
<serviceFilter />
</behavior>
</endpointBehaviors>
</behaviors>
<extensions>
<behaviorExtensions>
<add name="serviceFilter" type="GenericIncoming.CorrectorBehaviourExtensionElement, GenericIncoming, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" />
</behaviorExtensions>
</extensions>
<protocolMapping>
<add binding="basicHttpsBinding" scheme="https" />
</protocolMapping>
<serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
</system.serviceModel>
这是一个相当重量级的解决方案,但确实可以完美运行,学习此功能肯定会对未来的项目有用。
【讨论】:
以上是关于WCF 客户端,XML 命名空间前缀导致空对象的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
使用 Microsoft.xmldom 更改 XML 元素的命名空间前缀,以便利用 GetElementsByTagName