这个 cx_Freeze 错误是啥意思？

Posted 2023-03-29

【中文标题】这个 cx_Freeze 错误是啥意思？

【英文标题】：What does this cx_Freeze error mean?这个 cx_Freeze 错误是什么意思？

【发布时间】：2014-08-07 09:56:39

【问题描述】：

在尝试在 Windows 7 上 cx_Freeze 依赖于 pyzmq 的 Python 3.4 应用程序时，我在运行我无法理解的可执行文件时遇到异常。为简洁起见，已编辑回溯的错误如下所示：

  Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\cx_freeze-4.3.3-py3.4-win32.egg\cx_Freeze\initscripts\Console.py", line 27, in <module>
    exec(code, m.__dict__)
  [...]
  File "Q:\Users\arvek\Repositories\accc-gui\aiozmq\aiozmq\__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    import zmq
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
    return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    module = _SpecMethods(spec)._load_unlocked()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
    return self._load_backward_compatible()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
    spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from zmq.backend import *
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
    return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    module = _SpecMethods(spec)._load_unlocked()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
    return self._load_backward_compatible()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
    spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 41, in <module>
    reraise(*exc_info)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\utils\sixcerpt.py", line 34, in reraise
    raise value
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\__init__.py", line 29, in <module>
    _ns = select_backend(first)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\select.py", line 26, in select_backend
    mod = __import__(name, fromlist=public_api)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
    return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    module = _SpecMethods(spec)._load_unlocked()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
    return self._load_backward_compatible()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
    spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
    from . import (constants, error, message, context,
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2284, in _handle_fromlist
    _call_with_frames_removed(import_, from_name)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 321, in _call_with_frames_removed
    return f(*args, **kwds)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2237, in _find_and_load
    return _find_and_load_unlocked(name, import_)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 2226, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    module = _SpecMethods(spec)._load_unlocked()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1191, in _load_unlocked
    return self._load_backward_compatible()
  File "C:\Python34\lib\importlib\_bootstrap.py", line 1161, in _load_backward_compatible
    spec.loader.load_module(spec.name)
  File "ExtensionLoader_zmq_backend_cython_error.py", line 22, in <module>
  File "ExtensionLoader_zmq_backend_cython_error.py", line 14, in __bootstrap__
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified module could not be found.

此错误的具体原因是什么，即缺少哪个模块（我认为是 DLL）？

【参考方案1】：

提示位于以下回溯条目中：

File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\backend\cython\__init__.py", line 6, in <module>
  from . import (constants, error, message, context,

它没有直接回答问题所在，但确实指出模块 zmq.backend.cython.constants 等是问题所在，即它们缺少 DLL 依赖项。在检查 DependencyWalker 后，发现 'C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\zmq\libzmq.pyd' 是有问题的 DLL 依赖项。如果该文件包含在冻结的应用程序中，它就可以工作。