Spyder 未以 TypeError 开头：__init__() 缺少 1 个必需的位置参数

Posted 2023-03-29

【中文标题】Spyder 未以 TypeError 开头：__init__() 缺少 1 个必需的位置参数

【英文标题】：Spyder not starting with TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument

【发布时间】：2021-07-03 04:42:12

【问题描述】：

我的问题似乎与this one 有关，但我的问题更糟，因为 Spyder 5 根本没有启动。也许是因为它在 Mac Os 上运行？

运行/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/spyder &时，闪屏短暂出现，然后又消失，我收到错误消息：

MacIgor:~ igor$ No QCoreApplication instance found. Application patches not applied. You have to call load_stylesheet function after instantiation of QApplication to take effect. 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/bin/spyder", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/app/start.py", line 213, in main
    mainwindow.main(options, args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/app/mainwindow.py", line 2293, in main
    mainwindow = create_window(app, splash, options, args)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/app/mainwindow.py", line 2155, in create_window
    main.pre_visible_setup()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/app/mainwindow.py", line 1186, in pre_visible_setup
    plugin_instance.before_mainwindow_visible()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/plugin.py", line 133, in before_mainwindow_visible
    self.setup_layout(default=False)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/plugin.py", line 237, in setup_layout
    self.set_window_settings(*settings)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/plugin.py", line 435, in set_window_settings
    self.setup_layout(default=True)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/plugin.py", line 210, in setup_layout
    self.setup_default_layouts('default', settings)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/plugin.py", line 276, in setup_default_layouts
    layout.set_main_window_layout(self.main, self.get_dockable_plugins())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/layout/api.py", line 381, in set_main_window_layout
    plugin.toggle_view(area["visible"])
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/ipythonconsole/plugin.py", line 508, in toggle_view
    self.create_new_client(give_focus=False)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/ipythonconsole/plugin.py", line 1007, in create_new_client
    self.connect_client_to_kernel(client, is_cython=is_cython,
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/ipythonconsole/plugin.py", line 1041, in connect_client_to_kernel
    km, kc = self.create_kernel_manager_and_kernel_client(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/spyder/plugins/ipythonconsole/plugin.py", line 1506, in create_kernel_manager_and_kernel_client
    kernel_client.hb_channel.time_to_dead = 25.0
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/jupyter_client/client.py", line 364, in hb_channel
    self._hb_channel = self.hb_channel_class(self.context, self.session, url)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/qtconsole/util.py", line 64, in __new__
    QClass.__init__(inst)
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'context'

我之前在 Mac OS High Sierra 上使用过 Spyder 4.* 和 Python 3.* 没有问题。在将 Python 升级到 3.9.4（以前是 3.7.7）和 Spyder 升级到 5 后，今天开始出现问题。

是否有解决方法，还有什么我应该检查/更新的吗？

【参考方案1】：

(这里是 Spyder 维护者) 这是最新版jupyter_client 产生的问题。在发布新版本之前，请使用以下命令安装最后一个工作版本：

pip install jupyter_client==6.1.12

【讨论】：

我刚刚恢复到 4.2.5，它又可以工作了。不过谢谢。