使用 JavaScript/jQuery 下载文件

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【中文标题】使用 JavaScript/jQuery 下载文件【英文标题】:Download File Using JavaScript/jQuery 【发布时间】:2021-12-18 19:31:24 【问题描述】:

我有一个非常相似的需求,指定here。

$('a#someID').click();时我需要让用户的浏览器手动开始下载

但我不能使用window.href 方法,因为它会将当前页面内容替换为您尝试下载的文件。

相反,我想在新窗口/标签中打开下载。这怎么可能?

【问题讨论】:

我在相关问题中尝试了很多答案,this is the definitive answer. 设置 window.location.href 对我有用。窗口内容也不会改变。我假设您使用了错误的 contentType? 【参考方案1】:

使用不可见的<iframe>

<iframe id="my_iframe" style="display:none;"></iframe>
<script>
function Download(url) 
    document.getElementById('my_iframe').src = url;
;
</script>

要强制浏览器下载它本来可以呈现的文件(例如 html 或文本文件),您需要服务器将文件的 MIME Type 设置为无意义的值,例如 application/x-please-download-me 或替代application/octet-stream,用于任意二进制数据。

如果您只想在新选项卡中打开它,唯一的方法是让用户单击其target 属性设置为_blank 的链接。

在 jQuery 中:

$('a#someID').attr(target: '_blank', 
                    href  : 'http://localhost/directory/file.pdf');

只要点击该链接,它就会在新的标签/窗口中下载文件。

【讨论】:

网页无法自动打开新标签页。要强制浏览器下载,让服务器发送带有废话 MIME 类型的 pdf 文件,例如 application/x-please-download-me 干得好!很好地解决了问题。但是,您可能想要使用:iframe.style.display = 'none';,因为这将完全隐藏 iframe。您当前的实现将使 iframe 不可见,但 iframe 仍会占用页面底部的空间,从而导致额外的空白。 它“半”对我有用。我创建了以下简单的测试 html: 它确实被下载了,但是在 chrome 控制台中我看到下载被“取消”并显示为红色。这是一个更大的移动网络应用程序的一部分,它被取消的事实会破坏应用程序,因为它会引发一般的网络故障。有什么办法吗? 不错的sn-p。但是,设置一个无意义的事物类型有点令人不安。要让浏览器下载它可以呈现的文件,请使用以下标头:Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.pdf"(您当然可以根据需要自定义文件名)。 如何在没有服务器的情况下强制下载?所以只是一个带有一些 javascript 的 html 页面。【参考方案2】:

2019 年现代浏览器更新

这是我现在推荐的方法,但有几点需要注意:

需要相对现代的浏览器 如果文件预计非常大,您可能应该执行类似于原始方法(iframe 和 cookie)的操作,因为以下某些操作可能会消耗至少与正在下载的文件和/或其他有趣的 CPU 副作用。

fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1')
  .then(resp => resp.blob())
  .then(blob => 
    const url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    const a = document.createElement('a');
    a.style.display = 'none';
    a.href = url;
    // the filename you want
    a.download = 'todo-1.json';
    document.body.appendChild(a);
    a.click();
    window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);
    alert('your file has downloaded!'); // or you know, something with better UX...
  )
  .catch(() => alert('oh no!'));

2012 年原创的基于 jQuery/iframe/cookie 的方法

我创建了jQuery File Download plugin (Demo) (GitHub),它也可以帮助您解决问题。它与 iframe 的工作方式非常相似,但有一些很酷的功能,我发现它们非常方便:

很容易设置和漂亮的视觉效果(jQuery UI 对话框,但不是必需的),一切都经过测试

用户永远不会离开他们开始下载文件的同一页面。此功能对于现代 Web 应用程序变得至关重要

successCallback 和 failCallback 函数允许您明确说明用户在任一情况下看到的内容

结合 jQuery UI,开发人员可以轻松地显示一个模式,告诉用户正在下载文件,在下载开始后解散模式,甚至以友好的方式通知用户发生了错误。有关此示例,请参阅Demo。希望这对某人有帮助!

这是一个简单的用例演示,使用带有 Promise 的插件 source。 demo page 还包括许多其他“更好的用户体验”示例。

$.fileDownload('some/file.pdf')
    .done(function ()  alert('File download a success!'); )
    .fail(function ()  alert('File download failed!'); );

【讨论】:

你的现代例子在我看来没有多大意义。你为什么要通过fetch从真实的HTTPS URL下载东西,从中创建一个blob,从blob创建一个blob URL,然后使用具有download属性的锚点从blob URL下载,当你可以而只是...使用具有download 属性的锚点从您开始使用的 HTTPS URL 下载? @MarkAmery 正如其他答案所表明的那样也有效。这种方法 (AFAIK) 不会向您提供有关下载何时开始、何时完成以及是否出错的反馈,这很方便。我可以将其添加到“即发即弃”选项的答案中。此外,[download] 属性也不允许 POST 或任何异国情调。 您的现代示例不太正确。无论服务器返回什么,它都会“下载”。例如,如果您遇到身份验证错误,它将返回登录页面或服务器返回的任何内容,而不是“下载的文件”本身。 关于您的现代示例,如果您想避免添加这个(说实话)不太好的代码,有几个轻量级包可以为您做到这一点。我最喜欢的是'fs-browsers' - npmjs.com/package/fs-browsers。【参考方案3】:
function downloadURI(uri, name) 

    var link = document.createElement("a");
    // If you don't know the name or want to use
    // the webserver default set name = ''
    link.setAttribute('download', name);
    link.href = uri;
    document.body.appendChild(link);
    link.click();
    link.remove();

检查您的目标浏览器是否会顺利运行上述 sn-p:http://caniuse.com/#feat=download

【讨论】:

下载文件名没有改变... 2015 年 4 月在 chrome 中测试 对我来说这将是完美的,但它也不适用于 Firefox。有什么想法吗? 正如caniuse.com/#feat=download 中提到的,这仅适用于最近的 Firefox 和 Chrome 版本的同源链接。因此,如果您的链接指向另一个域,那么它现在几乎无法在任何地方使用。 要让它在 Firefox 上运行,请在点击之前执行document.body.appendChild(link),在点击之后您可以执行link.remove(),以避免污染 DOM。 您也可以使用link.download = "" 使其保留其原始文件名并避免设置一个。【参考方案4】:

我很惊讶没有多少人知道元素的下载属性。请帮忙宣传一下!你可以有一个隐藏的 html 链接,然后假装点击它。如果 html 链接具有下载属性,它会下载文件,而不是查看它,无论如何。这是代码。如果它可以找到它会下载一张猫的图片。

document.getElementById('download').click();
&lt;a href="https://docs.google.com/uc?id=0B0jH18Lft7ypSmRjdWg1c082Y2M" download id="download" hidden&gt;&lt;/a&gt;

注意: 并非所有浏览器都支持此功能:http://www.w3schools.com/tags/att_a_download.asp

【讨论】:

IE 和 Safari 不支持 Chrome 下载,但 Firefox 只显示图片。 +1 用于提供可执行的 sn-p。节省了我测试它的时间,只是发现它不起作用。 最新的 Chrome(2018 年 8 月)也显示图片(由于荒谬的安全限制)所以失败 Chrome 无法下载 mp4s【参考方案5】:

我建议使用the download attribute 代替jQuery 进行下载:

<a href="your_link" download> file_name </a>

这将下载您的文件,而无需打开它。

【讨论】:

它将只支持 Chrome、Firefox、Opera 和 IE (>= 13.0 ) Edge >= 13,不是 IE。 Edge 13 的实现也有问题,因为文件的名称被忽略了,而是你得到一个以 id 作为名称的文件。 在我看来,这是问题的正确答案。如果您必须支持旧版浏览器并需要解决方法,则其他答案是有意义的。 但是如果我们需要通过链接传递有效载荷呢?【参考方案6】:

如果你已经在使用 jQuery,你可以利用它来生成一个更小的 sn-p 安德鲁答案的 jQuery 版本:

var $idown;  // Keep it outside of the function, so it's initialized once.
downloadURL : function(url) 
  if ($idown) 
    $idown.attr('src',url);
   else 
    $idown = $('<iframe>',  id:'idown', src:url ).hide().appendTo('body');
  
,
//... How to use it:
downloadURL('http://whatever.com/file.pdf');

【讨论】:

仅供参考,有人建议(通过编辑我的帖子)添加 $idown.attr('src', url);在第一次创建 iframe 之后。我认为不需要。它已经在创建步骤中设置了“src:url”。 还要评论一下,最后我没有使用这个解决方案,因为 IE 9 不喜欢动态创建的 iframe 指向 http:// 当您在 https 网络中时。我不得不使用“window.location.href”,这个解决方案也有一些不便 "if($idown)" 部分在最新的 Chrome(24) 中对我不起作用,但只是创建了无数个 iframe。可能是因为我想同时下载 12 个东西? if 声明应该是:if( $idown &amp;&amp; $idown.length &gt; 0 ) 在 Chrome 中不做任何事情【参考方案7】:

如果您不需要浏览其他页面,这可能会有所帮助。 这是基本的 javascript 函数,因此可以在任何后端使用 Javascript 的平台中使用

window.location.assign('any url or file path')

【讨论】:

如果您可以自己设置 contentType,这可能是最简单的解决方案。我将其用作:window.location.href = downloadFileUrl; 如果管理员不想向用户显示 URL 比?【参考方案8】:

适用于 Chrome、Firefox 和 IE8 及更高版本。

var link=document.createElement('a');
document.body.appendChild(link);
link.href=url ;
link.click();

【讨论】:

如果您不将链接附加到 DOM,这也可以。 除非从服务器返回的标头指示不这样做,否则这将简单地导航到url,而不是从中下载。【参考方案9】:

使用iframe的简单示例

function downloadURL(url) 
    var hiddenIFrameID = 'hiddenDownloader',
        iframe = document.getElementById(hiddenIFrameID);
    if (iframe === null) 
        iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
        iframe.id = hiddenIFrameID;
        iframe.style.display = 'none';
        document.body.appendChild(iframe);
    
    iframe.src = url;
;

然后在任何你想要的地方调用函数:

downloadURL('path/to/my/file');

【讨论】:

下载码在哪里?您只是添加了一个 iframe【参考方案10】:

仅仅七年后,这里出现了一个使用表单而不是 iframe 或链接的单行 jQuery 解决方案:

$('<form></form>')
     .attr('action', filePath)
     .appendTo('body').submit().remove();

我已经测试过了

铬 55 火狐50 Edge IE8-10 ios 10(Safari/Chrome) android Chrome

如果有人知道此解决方案的任何缺点,我会很高兴听到这些。


完整演示:

<html>
<head><script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.3.js"></script></head>
<body>
<script>
    var filePath = window.prompt("Enter a file URL","http://jqueryui.com/resources/download/jquery-ui-1.12.1.zip");
    $('<form></form>').attr('action', filePath).appendTo('body').submit().remove();
</script>
</body>
</html>

【讨论】:

如果您的filePath 有查询字符串,这不起作用,因为提交表单将覆盖操作属性中的查询字符串。 我通过在表单中​​添加一个输入来解决这个问题:var authInput = $("&lt;input&gt;").attr("type", "hidden").attr("name", "myQsKey").val('MyQsValue');$('&lt;form&gt;&lt;/form&gt;') .attr('action', filePath) .append($(authInput)) .appendTo('body').submit().remove(); 这相当于访问:filepath?myQsKey=myValue 这也会关闭 websockets。 这看起来像是一种将window.location 设置为filePath 的非常复杂的方法。只需window.location = filePath; 也会这样做。 无论该解决方案是否存在缺点,就其本身而言,您没有提供任何优点来通过链接使用它。 (还有一个缺点:您不能以这种方式使用download 属性告诉浏览器您想要下载,而不管服务器返回什么标头,您可以使用a 元素来做到这一点。)跨度> 【参考方案11】:

我最终使用了下面的 sn-p,它适用于大多数浏览器,但未在 IE 中测试。

let data = JSON.stringify([email: "test@domain.com", name: "test", email: "anothertest@example.com", name: "anothertest"]);

let type = "application/json", name = "testfile.json";
downloader(data, type, name)

function downloader(data, type, name) 
	let blob = new Blob([data], type);
	let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
	downloadURI(url, name);
	window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);


function downloadURI(uri, name) 
    let link = document.createElement("a");
    link.download = name;
    link.href = uri;
    link.click();

更新

function downloadURI(uri, name) 
    let link = document.createElement("a");
    link.download = name;
    link.href = uri;
    link.click();


function downloader(data, type, name) 
    let blob = new Blob([data], type);
    let url = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
    downloadURI(url, name);
    window.URL.revokeObjectURL(url);

【讨论】:

在这里使用MouseEvent 而不是一直使用click 有什么意义?为什么在单击之前将链接附加到文档中?也许这比***.com/a/23013574/1709587 中显示的更简单的方法有优势,但如果是这样,这里就不解释了。 我发布这个答案已经有一段时间了。我不记得那些不必要的代码行背后是否有任何原因。【参考方案12】:

我不知道这个问题是不是太老了,但是只要下载 mime 类型正确(例如 zip 存档),将 window.location 设置为下载 url 就可以了。

var download = function(downloadURL) 

   location = downloadURL;

);

download('http://example.com/archive.zip'); //correct usage
download('http://example.com/page.html'); //DON'T

【讨论】:

【参考方案13】:

为了改进 Imagine Breaker 的答案,FF 和 IE 支持此功能:

var evt = document.createEvent("MouseEvents");
evt.initMouseEvent("click", true, true, window, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, false, false, false, false, 0, null);

function downloadURI(uri, name) 
    var link = document.createElement("a");
    link.download = name;
    link.href = uri;
    link.dispatchEvent(evt);

换句话说,只需使用dispatchEvent 函数而不是click()

【讨论】:

这是如何改进的?它似乎只是做同样事情的一种更复杂的方式。 我们如何将此作为发布请求?【参考方案14】:

为 FireFox、Chrome 和 IE 代码下载数据的最完整和工作(测试)代码如下。假设 Data 在 texarea 字段中,其 id='textarea_area' 并且 filename 是要下载数据的文件的名称。 p>

function download(filename) 
    if (typeof filename==='undefined') filename = ""; // default
    value = document.getElementById('textarea_area').value;

    filetype="text/*";
    extension=filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("."));
    for (var i = 0; i < extToMIME.length; i++) 
        if (extToMIME[i][0].localeCompare(extension)==0) 
            filetype=extToMIME[i][1];
            break;
        
    


    var pom = document.createElement('a');
    pom.setAttribute('href', 'data: '+filetype+';charset=utf-8,' + '\ufeff' + encodeURIComponent(value)); // Added BOM too
    pom.setAttribute('download', filename);


    if (document.createEvent) 
        if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE') !== -1 || navigator.appVersion.indexOf('Trident/') > 0)  // IE
            blobObject = new Blob(['\ufeff'+value]);
            window.navigator.msSaveBlob(blobObject, filename);
         else  // FF, Chrome
            var event = document.createEvent('MouseEvents');
            event.initEvent('click', true, true);
            pom.dispatchEvent(event);
        
     else if( document.createEventObject )  // Have No Idea
        var evObj = document.createEventObject();
        pom.fireEvent( 'onclick' , evObj );
     else  // For Any Case
        pom.click();
    


然后调用

<a href="javascript:download();">Download</a>

用于下载启动。

为下载对话框设置正确的 MIME 类型的数组可以如下:

// ----------------------- Extensions to MIME --------- //

        // List of mime types
        // combination of values from Windows 7 Registry and 
        // from C:\Windows\System32\inetsrv\config\applicationHost.config
        // some added, including .7z and .dat
    var extToMIME = [
        [".323", "text/h323"],
        [".3g2", "video/3gpp2"],
        [".3gp", "video/3gpp"],
        [".3gp2", "video/3gpp2"],
        [".3gpp", "video/3gpp"],
        [".7z", "application/x-7z-compressed"],
        [".aa", "audio/audible"],
        [".AAC", "audio/aac"],
        [".aaf", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".aax", "audio/vnd.audible.aax"],
        [".ac3", "audio/ac3"],
        [".aca", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".accda", "application/msaccess.addin"],
        [".accdb", "application/msaccess"],
        [".accdc", "application/msaccess.cab"],
        [".accde", "application/msaccess"],
        [".accdr", "application/msaccess.runtime"],
        [".accdt", "application/msaccess"],
        [".accdw", "application/msaccess.webapplication"],
        [".accft", "application/msaccess.ftemplate"],
        [".acx", "application/internet-property-stream"],
        [".AddIn", "text/xml"],
        [".ade", "application/msaccess"],
        [".adobebridge", "application/x-bridge-url"],
        [".adp", "application/msaccess"],
        [".ADT", "audio/vnd.dlna.adts"],
        [".ADTS", "audio/aac"],
        [".afm", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".ai", "application/postscript"],
        [".aif", "audio/x-aiff"],
        [".aifc", "audio/aiff"],
        [".aiff", "audio/aiff"],
        [".air", "application/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zip"],
        [".amc", "application/x-mpeg"],
        [".application", "application/x-ms-application"],
        [".art", "image/x-jg"],
        [".asa", "application/xml"],
        [".asax", "application/xml"],
        [".ascx", "application/xml"],
        [".asd", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".asf", "video/x-ms-asf"],
        [".ashx", "application/xml"],
        [".asi", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".asm", "text/plain"],
        [".asmx", "application/xml"],
        [".aspx", "application/xml"],
        [".asr", "video/x-ms-asf"],
        [".asx", "video/x-ms-asf"],
        [".atom", "application/atom+xml"],
        [".au", "audio/basic"],
        [".avi", "video/x-msvideo"],
        [".axs", "application/olescript"],
        [".bas", "text/plain"],
        [".bcpio", "application/x-bcpio"],
        [".bin", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".bmp", "image/bmp"],
        [".c", "text/plain"],
        [".cab", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".caf", "audio/x-caf"],
        [".calx", "application/vnd.ms-office.calx"],
        [".cat", "application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat"],
        [".cc", "text/plain"],
        [".cd", "text/plain"],
        [".cdda", "audio/aiff"],
        [".cdf", "application/x-cdf"],
        [".cer", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"],
        [".chm", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".class", "application/x-java-applet"],
        [".clp", "application/x-msclip"],
        [".cmx", "image/x-cmx"],
        [".cnf", "text/plain"],
        [".cod", "image/cis-cod"],
        [".config", "application/xml"],
        [".contact", "text/x-ms-contact"],
        [".coverage", "application/xml"],
        [".cpio", "application/x-cpio"],
        [".cpp", "text/plain"],
        [".crd", "application/x-mscardfile"],
        [".crl", "application/pkix-crl"],
        [".crt", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"],
        [".cs", "text/plain"],
        [".csdproj", "text/plain"],
        [".csh", "application/x-csh"],
        [".csproj", "text/plain"],
        [".css", "text/css"],
        [".csv", "text/csv"],
        [".cur", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".cxx", "text/plain"],
        [".dat", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".datasource", "application/xml"],
        [".dbproj", "text/plain"],
        [".dcr", "application/x-director"],
        [".def", "text/plain"],
        [".deploy", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".der", "application/x-x509-ca-cert"],
        [".dgml", "application/xml"],
        [".dib", "image/bmp"],
        [".dif", "video/x-dv"],
        [".dir", "application/x-director"],
        [".disco", "text/xml"],
        [".dll", "application/x-msdownload"],
        [".dll.config", "text/xml"],
        [".dlm", "text/dlm"],
        [".doc", "application/msword"],
        [".docm", "application/vnd.ms-word.document.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".docx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"],
        [".dot", "application/msword"],
        [".dotm", "application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".dotx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template"],
        [".dsp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".dsw", "text/plain"],
        [".dtd", "text/xml"],
        [".dtsConfig", "text/xml"],
        [".dv", "video/x-dv"],
        [".dvi", "application/x-dvi"],
        [".dwf", "drawing/x-dwf"],
        [".dwp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".dxr", "application/x-director"],
        [".eml", "message/rfc822"],
        [".emz", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".eot", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".eps", "application/postscript"],
        [".etl", "application/etl"],
        [".etx", "text/x-setext"],
        [".evy", "application/envoy"],
        [".exe", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".exe.config", "text/xml"],
        [".fdf", "application/vnd.fdf"],
        [".fif", "application/fractals"],
        [".filters", "Application/xml"],
        [".fla", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".flr", "x-world/x-vrml"],
        [".flv", "video/x-flv"],
        [".fsscript", "application/fsharp-script"],
        [".fsx", "application/fsharp-script"],
        [".generictest", "application/xml"],
        [".gif", "image/gif"],
        [".group", "text/x-ms-group"],
        [".gsm", "audio/x-gsm"],
        [".gtar", "application/x-gtar"],
        [".gz", "application/x-gzip"],
        [".h", "text/plain"],
        [".hdf", "application/x-hdf"],
        [".hdml", "text/x-hdml"],
        [".hhc", "application/x-oleobject"],
        [".hhk", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hhp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hlp", "application/winhlp"],
        [".hpp", "text/plain"],
        [".hqx", "application/mac-binhex40"],
        [".hta", "application/hta"],
        [".htc", "text/x-component"],
        [".htm", "text/html"],
        [".html", "text/html"],
        [".htt", "text/webviewhtml"],
        [".hxa", "application/xml"],
        [".hxc", "application/xml"],
        [".hxd", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxe", "application/xml"],
        [".hxf", "application/xml"],
        [".hxh", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxi", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxk", "application/xml"],
        [".hxq", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxr", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxs", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxt", "text/html"],
        [".hxv", "application/xml"],
        [".hxw", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".hxx", "text/plain"],
        [".i", "text/plain"],
        [".ico", "image/x-icon"],
        [".ics", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".idl", "text/plain"],
        [".ief", "image/ief"],
        [".iii", "application/x-iphone"],
        [".inc", "text/plain"],
        [".inf", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".inl", "text/plain"],
        [".ins", "application/x-internet-signup"],
        [".ipa", "application/x-itunes-ipa"],
        [".ipg", "application/x-itunes-ipg"],
        [".ipproj", "text/plain"],
        [".ipsw", "application/x-itunes-ipsw"],
        [".iqy", "text/x-ms-iqy"],
        [".isp", "application/x-internet-signup"],
        [".ite", "application/x-itunes-ite"],
        [".itlp", "application/x-itunes-itlp"],
        [".itms", "application/x-itunes-itms"],
        [".itpc", "application/x-itunes-itpc"],
        [".IVF", "video/x-ivf"],
        [".jar", "application/java-archive"],
        [".java", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".jck", "application/liquidmotion"],
        [".jcz", "application/liquidmotion"],
        [".jfif", "image/pjpeg"],
        [".jnlp", "application/x-java-jnlp-file"],
        [".jpb", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".jpe", "image/jpeg"],
        [".jpeg", "image/jpeg"],
        [".jpg", "image/jpeg"],
        [".js", "application/x-javascript"],
        [".json", "application/json"],
        [".jsx", "text/jscript"],
        [".jsxbin", "text/plain"],
        [".latex", "application/x-latex"],
        [".library-ms", "application/windows-library+xml"],
        [".lit", "application/x-ms-reader"],
        [".loadtest", "application/xml"],
        [".lpk", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".lsf", "video/x-la-asf"],
        [".lst", "text/plain"],
        [".lsx", "video/x-la-asf"],
        [".lzh", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".m13", "application/x-msmediaview"],
        [".m14", "application/x-msmediaview"],
        [".m1v", "video/mpeg"],
        [".m2t", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"],
        [".m2ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"],
        [".m2v", "video/mpeg"],
        [".m3u", "audio/x-mpegurl"],
        [".m3u8", "audio/x-mpegurl"],
        [".m4a", "audio/m4a"],
        [".m4b", "audio/m4b"],
        [".m4p", "audio/m4p"],
        [".m4r", "audio/x-m4r"],
        [".m4v", "video/x-m4v"],
        [".mac", "image/x-macpaint"],
        [".mak", "text/plain"],
        [".man", "application/x-troff-man"],
        [".manifest", "application/x-ms-manifest"],
        [".map", "text/plain"],
        [".master", "application/xml"],
        [".mda", "application/msaccess"],
        [".mdb", "application/x-msaccess"],
        [".mde", "application/msaccess"],
        [".mdp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".me", "application/x-troff-me"],
        [".mfp", "application/x-shockwave-flash"],
        [".mht", "message/rfc822"],
        [".mhtml", "message/rfc822"],
        [".mid", "audio/mid"],
        [".midi", "audio/mid"],
        [".mix", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".mk", "text/plain"],
        [".mmf", "application/x-smaf"],
        [".mno", "text/xml"],
        [".mny", "application/x-msmoney"],
        [".mod", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mov", "video/quicktime"],
        [".movie", "video/x-sgi-movie"],
        [".mp2", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mp2v", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mp3", "audio/mpeg"],
        [".mp4", "video/mp4"],
        [".mp4v", "video/mp4"],
        [".mpa", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mpe", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mpeg", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mpf", "application/vnd.ms-mediapackage"],
        [".mpg", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mpp", "application/vnd.ms-project"],
        [".mpv2", "video/mpeg"],
        [".mqv", "video/quicktime"],
        [".ms", "application/x-troff-ms"],
        [".msi", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".mso", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".mts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"],
        [".mtx", "application/xml"],
        [".mvb", "application/x-msmediaview"],
        [".mvc", "application/x-miva-compiled"],
        [".mxp", "application/x-mmxp"],
        [".nc", "application/x-netcdf"],
        [".nsc", "video/x-ms-asf"],
        [".nws", "message/rfc822"],
        [".ocx", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".oda", "application/oda"],
        [".odc", "text/x-ms-odc"],
        [".odh", "text/plain"],
        [".odl", "text/plain"],
        [".odp", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation"],
        [".ods", "application/oleobject"],
        [".odt", "application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text"],
        [".one", "application/onenote"],
        [".onea", "application/onenote"],
        [".onepkg", "application/onenote"],
        [".onetmp", "application/onenote"],
        [".onetoc", "application/onenote"],
        [".onetoc2", "application/onenote"],
        [".orderedtest", "application/xml"],
        [".osdx", "application/opensearchdescription+xml"],
        [".p10", "application/pkcs10"],
        [".p12", "application/x-pkcs12"],
        [".p7b", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates"],
        [".p7c", "application/pkcs7-mime"],
        [".p7m", "application/pkcs7-mime"],
        [".p7r", "application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp"],
        [".p7s", "application/pkcs7-signature"],
        [".pbm", "image/x-portable-bitmap"],
        [".pcast", "application/x-podcast"],
        [".pct", "image/pict"],
        [".pcx", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".pcz", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".pdf", "application/pdf"],
        [".pfb", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".pfm", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".pfx", "application/x-pkcs12"],
        [".pgm", "image/x-portable-graymap"],
        [".pic", "image/pict"],
        [".pict", "image/pict"],
        [".pkgdef", "text/plain"],
        [".pkgundef", "text/plain"],
        [".pko", "application/vnd.ms-pki.pko"],
        [".pls", "audio/scpls"],
        [".pma", "application/x-perfmon"],
        [".pmc", "application/x-perfmon"],
        [".pml", "application/x-perfmon"],
        [".pmr", "application/x-perfmon"],
        [".pmw", "application/x-perfmon"],
        [".png", "image/png"],
        [".pnm", "image/x-portable-anymap"],
        [".pnt", "image/x-macpaint"],
        [".pntg", "image/x-macpaint"],
        [".pnz", "image/png"],
        [".pot", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"],
        [".potm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.template.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".potx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template"],
        [".ppa", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"],
        [".ppam", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.addin.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".ppm", "image/x-portable-pixmap"],
        [".pps", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"],
        [".ppsm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slideshow.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".ppsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow"],
        [".ppt", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"],
        [".pptm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.presentation.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".pptx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation"],
        [".prf", "application/pics-rules"],
        [".prm", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".prx", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".ps", "application/postscript"],
        [".psc1", "application/PowerShell"],
        [".psd", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".psess", "application/xml"],
        [".psm", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".psp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".pub", "application/x-mspublisher"],
        [".pwz", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint"],
        [".qht", "text/x-html-insertion"],
        [".qhtm", "text/x-html-insertion"],
        [".qt", "video/quicktime"],
        [".qti", "image/x-quicktime"],
        [".qtif", "image/x-quicktime"],
        [".qtl", "application/x-quicktimeplayer"],
        [".qxd", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".ra", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"],
        [".ram", "audio/x-pn-realaudio"],
        [".rar", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".ras", "image/x-cmu-raster"],
        [".rat", "application/rat-file"],
        [".rc", "text/plain"],
        [".rc2", "text/plain"],
        [".rct", "text/plain"],
        [".rdlc", "application/xml"],
        [".resx", "application/xml"],
        [".rf", "image/vnd.rn-realflash"],
        [".rgb", "image/x-rgb"],
        [".rgs", "text/plain"],
        [".rm", "application/vnd.rn-realmedia"],
        [".rmi", "audio/mid"],
        [".rmp", "application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package"],
        [".roff", "application/x-troff"],
        [".rpm", "audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin"],
        [".rqy", "text/x-ms-rqy"],
        [".rtf", "application/rtf"],
        [".rtx", "text/richtext"],
        [".ruleset", "application/xml"],
        [".s", "text/plain"],
        [".safariextz", "application/x-safari-safariextz"],
        [".scd", "application/x-msschedule"],
        [".sct", "text/scriptlet"],
        [".sd2", "audio/x-sd2"],
        [".sdp", "application/sdp"],
        [".sea", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".searchConnector-ms", "application/windows-search-connector+xml"],
        [".setpay", "application/set-payment-initiation"],
        [".setreg", "application/set-registration-initiation"],
        [".settings", "application/xml"],
        [".sgimb", "application/x-sgimb"],
        [".sgml", "text/sgml"],
        [".sh", "application/x-sh"],
        [".shar", "application/x-shar"],
        [".shtml", "text/html"],
        [".sit", "application/x-stuffit"],
        [".sitemap", "application/xml"],
        [".skin", "application/xml"],
        [".sldm", "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint.slide.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".sldx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slide"],
        [".slk", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".sln", "text/plain"],
        [".slupkg-ms", "application/x-ms-license"],
        [".smd", "audio/x-smd"],
        [".smi", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".smx", "audio/x-smd"],
        [".smz", "audio/x-smd"],
        [".snd", "audio/basic"],
        [".snippet", "application/xml"],
        [".snp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".sol", "text/plain"],
        [".sor", "text/plain"],
        [".spc", "application/x-pkcs7-certificates"],
        [".spl", "application/futuresplash"],
        [".src", "application/x-wais-source"],
        [".srf", "text/plain"],
        [".SSISDeploymentManifest", "text/xml"],
        [".ssm", "application/streamingmedia"],
        [".sst", "application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore"],
        [".stl", "application/vnd.ms-pki.stl"],
        [".sv4cpio", "application/x-sv4cpio"],
        [".sv4crc", "application/x-sv4crc"],
        [".svc", "application/xml"],
        [".swf", "application/x-shockwave-flash"],
        [".t", "application/x-troff"],
        [".tar", "application/x-tar"],
        [".tcl", "application/x-tcl"],
        [".testrunconfig", "application/xml"],
        [".testsettings", "application/xml"],
        [".tex", "application/x-tex"],
        [".texi", "application/x-texinfo"],
        [".texinfo", "application/x-texinfo"],
        [".tgz", "application/x-compressed"],
        [".thmx", "application/vnd.ms-officetheme"],
        [".thn", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".tif", "image/tiff"],
        [".tiff", "image/tiff"],
        [".tlh", "text/plain"],
        [".tli", "text/plain"],
        [".toc", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".tr", "application/x-troff"],
        [".trm", "application/x-msterminal"],
        [".trx", "application/xml"],
        [".ts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"],
        [".tsv", "text/tab-separated-values"],
        [".ttf", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".tts", "video/vnd.dlna.mpeg-tts"],
        [".txt", "text/plain"],
        [".u32", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".uls", "text/iuls"],
        [".user", "text/plain"],
        [".ustar", "application/x-ustar"],
        [".vb", "text/plain"],
        [".vbdproj", "text/plain"],
        [".vbk", "video/mpeg"],
        [".vbproj", "text/plain"],
        [".vbs", "text/vbscript"],
        [".vcf", "text/x-vcard"],
        [".vcproj", "Application/xml"],
        [".vcs", "text/plain"],
        [".vcxproj", "Application/xml"],
        [".vddproj", "text/plain"],
        [".vdp", "text/plain"],
        [".vdproj", "text/plain"],
        [".vdx", "application/vnd.ms-visio.viewer"],
        [".vml", "text/xml"],
        [".vscontent", "application/xml"],
        [".vsct", "text/xml"],
        [".vsd", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".vsi", "application/ms-vsi"],
        [".vsix", "application/vsix"],
        [".vsixlangpack", "text/xml"],
        [".vsixmanifest", "text/xml"],
        [".vsmdi", "application/xml"],
        [".vspscc", "text/plain"],
        [".vss", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".vsscc", "text/plain"],
        [".vssettings", "text/xml"],
        [".vssscc", "text/plain"],
        [".vst", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".vstemplate", "text/xml"],
        [".vsto", "application/x-ms-vsto"],
        [".vsw", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".vsx", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".vtx", "application/vnd.visio"],
        [".wav", "audio/wav"],
        [".wave", "audio/wav"],
        [".wax", "audio/x-ms-wax"],
        [".wbk", "application/msword"],
        [".wbmp", "image/vnd.wap.wbmp"],
        [".wcm", "application/vnd.ms-works"],
        [".wdb", "application/vnd.ms-works"],
        [".wdp", "image/vnd.ms-photo"],
        [".webarchive", "application/x-safari-webarchive"],
        [".webtest", "application/xml"],
        [".wiq", "application/xml"],
        [".wiz", "application/msword"],
        [".wks", "application/vnd.ms-works"],
        [".WLMP", "application/wlmoviemaker"],
        [".wlpginstall", "application/x-wlpg-detect"],
        [".wlpginstall3", "application/x-wlpg3-detect"],
        [".wm", "video/x-ms-wm"],
        [".wma", "audio/x-ms-wma"],
        [".wmd", "application/x-ms-wmd"],
        [".wmf", "application/x-msmetafile"],
        [".wml", "text/vnd.wap.wml"],
        [".wmlc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlc"],
        [".wmls", "text/vnd.wap.wmlscript"],
        [".wmlsc", "application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc"],
        [".wmp", "video/x-ms-wmp"],
        [".wmv", "video/x-ms-wmv"],
        [".wmx", "video/x-ms-wmx"],
        [".wmz", "application/x-ms-wmz"],
        [".wpl", "application/vnd.ms-wpl"],
        [".wps", "application/vnd.ms-works"],
        [".wri", "application/x-mswrite"],
        [".wrl", "x-world/x-vrml"],
        [".wrz", "x-world/x-vrml"],
        [".wsc", "text/scriptlet"],
        [".wsdl", "text/xml"],
        [".wvx", "video/x-ms-wvx"],
        [".x", "application/directx"],
        [".xaf", "x-world/x-vrml"],
        [".xaml", "application/xaml+xml"],
        [".xap", "application/x-silverlight-app"],
        [".xbap", "application/x-ms-xbap"],
        [".xbm", "image/x-xbitmap"],
        [".xdr", "text/plain"],
        [".xht", "application/xhtml+xml"],
        [".xhtml", "application/xhtml+xml"],
        [".xla", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xlam", "application/vnd.ms-excel.addin.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".xlc", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xld", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xlk", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xll", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xlm", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xls", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xlsb", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.binary.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".xlsm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.sheet.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".xlsx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"],
        [".xlt", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xltm", "application/vnd.ms-excel.template.macroEnabled.12"],
        [".xltx", "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template"],
        [".xlw", "application/vnd.ms-excel"],
        [".xml", "text/xml"],
        [".xmta", "application/xml"],
        [".xof", "x-world/x-vrml"],
        [".XOML", "text/plain"],
        [".xpm", "image/x-xpixmap"],
        [".xps", "application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument"],
        [".xrm-ms", "text/xml"],
        [".xsc", "application/xml"],
        [".xsd", "text/xml"],
        [".xsf", "text/xml"],
        [".xsl", "text/xml"],
        [".xslt", "text/xml"],
        [".xsn", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".xss", "application/xml"],
        [".xtp", "application/octet-stream"],
        [".xwd", "image/x-xwindowdump"],
        [".z", "application/x-compress"],
        [".zip", "application/x-zip-compressed"]
];

// ----------------------- End of Extensions to MIME --------- //

【讨论】:

- 我正在尝试使用 pdf 文件。文件正在下载,但它总是损坏。有什么建议?谢谢【参考方案15】:

也许只是让您的 javascript 打开一个只下载文件的页面,例如当您将下载链接拖到新标签时:

Window.open("https://www.MyServer.
Org/downloads/ardiuno/WgiWho=?:8080")

随着打开的窗口打开一个自动关闭的下载页面。

【讨论】:

这会创建一个弹出窗口,大多数浏览器都会阻止该窗口 没错,fs-browsers 不是 :)【参考方案16】:

您也可以使用包fs-browsers。 它有很好的客户端下载方法。 它是这样的:

import  downloadFile  from 'fs-browsers';
downloadFile(url-to-the-file);

【讨论】:

?,这个好用又方便。【参考方案17】:

对我来说,这在 chrome v72 中测试正常

function down_file(url,name)
var a = $("<a>")
    .attr("href", url)
    .attr("download", name)
    .appendTo("body");
a[0].click();
a.remove();


down_file('https://www.useotools.com/uploads/nulogo[1].png','logo.png')

【讨论】:

这与几年前Imagine Breaker's answer 中显示的方法相同,但增加了需要 jQuery 的缺点。 我们可以在正文部分通过url传递一些请求有效负载吗?这就像使用 POST 请求访问 url。在这种情况下我们如何传递字典?【参考方案18】:

尝试下载文件时可能会发生很多小事情。仅浏览器之间的不一致就是一场噩梦。我最终使用了这个很棒的小图书馆。 https://github.com/rndme/download

它的好处在于它不仅适用于 url,而且适用于您要下载的客户端数据。

    文本字符串 文本数据URL 文本块 文本数组 html 字符串 html blob ajax 回调 二进制文件

【讨论】:

【参考方案19】:

您可以简单地使用 HTML 中的 Download 属性。使用好的 ol' Javascript,您可以使用此功能直接下载文件。锚标签的下载属性应该指向要下载的文件所在的链接。

首先,将 URL 指向您的资源路径:

var url = 'your url goes here';

创建一个锚标签,需要的属性如下:

var elem = document.createElement('a');
elem.href = url;
elem.download = url;
elem.id="downloadAnchor";

将锚标记附加到网页的正文元素。

document.body.appendChild(elem);

现在以编程方式触发点击事件。点击锚标签会触发下载。

$('#downloadAnchor').click();

把它们放在一起:

var url = 'your url goes here';
var elem = document.createElement('a');
elem.href = url;
elem.download = url;
elem.id="downloadAnchor";
document.body.appendChild(elem);
$('#downloadAnchor').click();

附加信息:上面的代码没有什么特别之处,只是在 Chrome Devtools 的控制台上运行的客户端 JavaScript,但功能强大并且还开辟了很多可能性,例如网页抓取。

例如在 Devtools 控制台中执行的以下代码块将在新选项卡中打开页面中的所有链接:只需转到 this webpage ,打开 devtools 并在浏览器控制台中运行此脚本并观察 JavaScript 的强大功能。 (注意:以下代码仅用于教育目的。)

确保您为该网站启用弹出窗口,否则默认弹出窗口阻止程序会禁用您的锚点点击。

var links = document.getElementsByClassName("_3ATBKe");
for(var i=0;i<links.length;i++)
    var title = document.getElementsByClassName("_3ATBKe")[i].firstElementChild.firstElementChild.innerText.replaceAll('|','-').replaceAll(':','x');
    console.log('Opening..'+title);
    links[i].firstElementChild.click();

注意:这不仅限于锚点点击,您几乎可以下载您在网页上找到的任何内容。如果您的网页上加载了某些内容(图像、音频、视频),您可能可以编写一个脚本来下载它,即使没有从 UI 提供给您。

【讨论】:

【参考方案20】:

hitesh 在 2013 年 12 月 30 日提交的答案确实有效。它只需要一点调整:

php 文件可以调用自身。也就是说,只需创建一个名为 saveAs.php 的文件,并将这段代码放入其中...

        <a href="saveAs.php?file_source=YourDataFile.pdf">Download pdf here</a>

    <?php
        if (isset($_GET['file_source'])) 
            $fullPath = $_GET['file_source'];
            if($fullPath) 
                $fsize = filesize($fullPath);
                $path_parts = pathinfo($fullPath);
                $ext = strtolower($path_parts["extension"]);
                switch ($ext) 
                    case "pdf":
                    header("Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=\"".$path_parts["basename"]."\""); // use 'attachment' to force a download
                    header("Content-type: application/pdf"); // add here more headers for diff. extensions
                    break;
                    default;
                    header("Content-type: application/octet-stream");
                    header("Content-Disposition: filename=\"".$path_parts["basename"]."\"");
                
                if($fsize) //checking if file size exist
                  header("Content-length: $fsize");
                
                readfile($fullPath);
                exit;
            
        
    ?>

【讨论】:

【参考方案21】:

这些函数用在stacktrace.js:

/**
 * Try XHR methods in order and store XHR factory.
 *
 * @return <Function> XHR function or equivalent
 */
var createXMLHTTPObject = function() 
    var xmlhttp, XMLHttpFactories = [
        function() 
            return new XMLHttpRequest();
        , function() 
            return new ActiveXObject('Msxml2.XMLHTTP');
        , function() 
            return new ActiveXObject('Msxml3.XMLHTTP');
        , function() 
            return new ActiveXObject('Microsoft.XMLHTTP');
        
    ];
    for (var i = 0; i < XMLHttpFactories.length; i++) 
        try 
            xmlhttp = XMLHttpFactories[i]();
            // Use memoization to cache the factory
            createXMLHTTPObject = XMLHttpFactories[i];
            return xmlhttp;
         catch (e) 
        
    


/**
 * @return the text from a given URL
 */
function ajax(url) 
    var req = createXMLHTTPObject();
    if (req) 
        try 
            req.open('GET', url, false);
            req.send(null);
            return req.responseText;
         catch (e) 
        
    
    return '';

【讨论】:

这...似乎只适用于 XHR,而不是文件下载?我在这里看不到相关性。【参考方案22】:

我建议您使用 mousedown 事件,该事件在单击事件之前调用。这样,浏览器自然地处理了点击事件,从而避免了任何代码的怪异:

(function ($) 


    // with this solution, the browser handles the download link naturally (tested in chrome and firefox)
    $(document).ready(function () 

        var url = '/private/downloads/myfile123.pdf';
        $("a#someID").on('mousedown', function () 
            $(this).attr("href", url);
        );

    );
)(jQuery);

【讨论】:

【参考方案23】:

Corbacho 的优秀解决方案,我刚刚适应了摆脱 var

function downloadURL(url) 
    if( $('#idown').length )
        $('#idown').attr('src',url);
    else
        $('<iframe>',  id:'idown', src:url ).hide().appendTo('body');
    

【讨论】:

【参考方案24】:

Firefox 和 Chrome 测试:

var link = document.createElement('a');
link.download = 'fileName.ext'
link.href = 'http://down.serv/file.ext';

// Because firefox not executing the .click() well
// We need to create mouse event initialization.
var clickEvent = document.createEvent("MouseEvent");
clickEvent.initEvent("click", true, true);

link.dispatchEvent(clickEvent);

这其实是firefox的“chrome”方式解决方案(我没有在其他浏览器上测试过,所以请留下cmets关于可编译性)

【讨论】:

【参考方案25】:

使用 FORM 标记我取得了很好的效果,因为它可以在任何地方使用,而且您不必在服务器上创建临时文件。该方法的工作原理是这样的。

在客户端(页面 HTML)上,您创建一个像这样的不可见表单

<form method="POST" action="/download.php" target="_blank" id="downloadForm">
    <input type="hidden" name="data" id="csv">
</form>

然后你将这段 Javascript 代码添加到你的按钮中:

$('#button').click(function() 
     $('#csv').val('---your data---');
     $('#downloadForm').submit();

在服务器端,download.php 中有以下 PHP 代码:

<?php
header('Content-Type: text/csv');
header('Content-Description: File Transfer');
header('Content-Type: application/octet-stream');
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=out.csv');
header('Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary');
header('Connection: Keep-Alive');
header('Expires: 0');
header('Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0');
header('Pragma: public');
header('Content-Length: ' . strlen($data));

echo $_REQUEST['data'];
exit();

您甚至可以像这样创建数据的 zip 文件:

<?php

$file = tempnam("tmp", "zip");

$zip = new ZipArchive();
$zip->open($file, ZipArchive::OVERWRITE);
$zip->addFromString('test.csv', $_REQUEST['data']);
$zip->close();

header('Content-Type: application/zip');
header('Content-Length: ' . filesize($file));
header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="file.zip"');
readfile($file);
unlink($file); 

最好的部分是它不会在您的服务器上留下任何残留文件,因为一切都是动态创建和销毁的!

【讨论】:

【参考方案26】:
let args = "data":htmlData,"filename":exampleName

创建 HTMl 文件并下载

window.downloadHTML = function(args) 
var data, filename, link;
var csv = args.data;
if (csv == null) return;
filename = args.filename || 'report.html';
data = 'data:text/html;charset=utf-8,' + encodeURIComponent(csv);
console.log(data);
link = document.createElement('a');
link.setAttribute('href', data);
link.setAttribute('download', filename);
document.body.appendChild(link);
link.click();
document.body.removeChild(link);

创建和下载 CSV

window.downloadCSV = function(args) 
var data, filename, link;
var csv = args.data;
if (csv == null) return;
filename = args.filename || 'report.csv';
if (!csv.match(/^data:text\/csv/i)) 
    csv = 'data:text/csv;charset=utf-8,' + csv;

data = encodeURI(csv);
link = document.createElement('a');
link.setAttribute('href', data);
link.setAttribute('download', filename);
document.body.appendChild(link);
link.click();
document.body.removeChild(link);

【讨论】:

【参考方案27】:

只传递文件的链接。它将以其原始名称下载文件。

function downloadFileWithLink(href) 
    var link = document.createElement("a");
    let name = (href?.split("/") || [])
    name = name[name?.length-1]
    link.setAttribute('download', name);
    link.href = href;
    document.body.appendChild(link);
    link.click();
    link.remove();

【讨论】:

【参考方案28】:

您必须从服务器和客户端(网络应用程序)两个方面进行操作。

从服务器,设置名为Content-Dispositionhttps://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Disposition的标头

// nodejs express
  res.set('Content-Disposition', `attachment; filename="$self.creationName"`)

使用上面的标头,服务器会告诉浏览器响应是一个文件,应该用给定的名称下载并保存它,否则浏览器可能会将文件保存为“附件(1).zip”之类的东西

接下来我们看看客户端,我们创建一个锚链接并自动点击它。

function downloadThroughAnchorLink(downloadUrl: string, fileName: string) 
    const a = document.createElement('a')
    a.href = downloadUrl;
    // We provided a header called Content-Disposition so we dont need to set "a.download" here
    // a.download = fileName || 'download'
    a.click()


应该可以的。

【讨论】:

【参考方案29】:

注意:并非所有浏览器都支持。

我一直在寻找一种使用 jquery 下载文件的方法,而不必从一开始就在 href 属性中设置文件 url。

jQuery('<a/>', 
    id: 'downloadFile',
    href: 'http://cdn.sstatic.net/Sites/***/img/apple-touch-icon@2.png',
    style: 'display:hidden;',
    download: ''
).appendTo('body');

$("#downloadFile")[0].click();
&lt;script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;

【讨论】:

【参考方案30】:

我在没有 JQuery 的情况下使用 @rakaloof's solution(因为 you don't need it here)。谢谢你的主意!这是一个基于 vanillaJS 表单的解决方案:

const uri = 'https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bb/Test_ogg_mp3_48kbps.wav';
let form = document.createElement("form");
form.setAttribute('action', uri);
document.body.appendChild(form);
form.submit();
document.body.removeChild(document.body.lastElementChild);

【讨论】:

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