Pyinstaller exe 转换 matplotlib __init__ 错误
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【中文标题】Pyinstaller exe 转换 matplotlib __init__ 错误【英文标题】：Pyinstaller exe convert matplotlib __init__ error 【发布时间】：2020-07-15 09:49:14 【问题描述】：在尝试使用导入的 matplotlib 创建 .exe 时，出现以下错误：
Traceback（最近一次调用最后一次）：文件“”，第 1 行，in 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 1015 行，在 rcParams = rc_params() 文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 878 行，在 rc_params 返回 rc_params_from_file(matplotlib_fname(), fail_on_error) 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 731 行，在 matplotlib_fname 中 对于 gen_candidates() 中的 fname：文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 728 行，在 gen_candidates 中 yield os.path.join(get_configdir(), 'matplotlibrc') 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 276 行，在包装器中 ret = func(**kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 609 行，在 get_configdir 返回 _get_config_or_cache_dir(_get_xdg_config_dir()) 文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 562 行，在 _get_xdg_config_dir 返回 os.environ.get('XDG_CONFIG_HOME') 或 str(Path.home() / ".config") AttributeError: type object 'Path' has no attribute 'home' Traceback（最近一次调用最后一次）：文件“”，第 1 行，在 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 1015 行，在 rcParams = rc_params() 文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 878 行，在 rc_params 返回 rc_params_from_file(matplotlib_fname(), fail_on_error) 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 731 行，在 matplotlib_fname 中 对于 gen_candidates() 中的 fname：文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 728 行，在 gen_candidates 中 yield os.path.join(get_configdir(), 'matplotlibrc') 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 276 行，在包装器中 ret = func(**kwargs) 文件 "C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py", 第 609 行，在 get_configdir 返回 _get_config_or_cache_dir(_get_xdg_config_dir()) 文件“C:\Users\Flo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib__init__.py”， 第 562 行，在 _get_xdg_config_dir return os.environ.get('XDG_CONFIG_HOME') 或 str(Path.home() / ".config") AttributeError: type object 'Path' has no attribute 'home'
如果需要，这是我的代码：
from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw
import urllib.request
import win32com
from win32com.shell import shell, shellcon
from win32com.client import Dispatch
from os import mkdir, remove, path
from datetime import date, datetime
#import winshell
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name: Modul1
# Purpose:
#
# Author: Flo
#
# Created: 31.03.2020
# Copyright: (c) Flo 2020
# Licence: <your licence>
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
from datetime import date, datetime
import urllib.request
import zipfile
from shutil import copyfile, rmtree
import csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import time
start = time.time()
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def datumedit(index, datumls, indexhinzufügen):
ind = datumls.index(".")
if ind != index:
datumls.insert(indexhinzufügen, "0")
ind += 1
datumls[ind] = "-"
return datumls
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def csvdelim(liste, max):
i = 0
while i != max:
ind = liste.index(";")
liste[ind] = "-"
i += 1
retour = liste.index(";")
return retour
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def getvalues(file_dir,liste,liste2,ersetzenbis,floatconvertieren=False):
durchlauf2 = 0
keinedateninzeile = []
with open(file_dir, newline='') as file1:
anzahlreihen = sum(1 for line in file1)
with open(file_dir, newline='') as file:
reader = csv.reader(file)
next(reader)
for row in reader:
durchlauf1 = 0
uhrzeit = ""
listed = ""
reihe = list(str(row))
ind = csvdelim(reihe,ersetzenbis)
reihe[ind] = "-"
ind1 = reihe.index(";")
ind2 = ind+1
inddif = ind1-ind-1
while durchlauf1 != inddif:
listed = listed+reihe[ind2]
ind2 += 1
durchlauf1 +=1
if listed == "":
continue
if floatconvertieren == True:
if listed == "":
None
else:
liste.append(float(listed))
else:
liste.append(listed)
if durchlauf2 == anzahlreihen:
break
indexuhzt = reihe.index(" ")
uhrzeit = reihe[indexuhzt+1]+reihe[indexuhzt+2]+reihe[indexuhzt+3]+reihe[indexuhzt+4]+reihe[indexuhzt+5]
liste2.append(uhrzeit)
durchlauf2 += 1
return liste, liste2
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def bestimmtertag(datumin,orte,namen,temppath,bilderpfad,aktuellermonat,aktuellesjar,tag,monat,jahr):
datumls = list(datumin)
temp = temppath
aus = False
#CSV Herunterladen
for e in orte:
start1 = time.time()
print(e)
xpm25 = []
xpm10 = []
ypm25 = []
ypm10 = []
xpm10d = ""
sensor = namen[e]
if aktuellermonat == monat and jahr == aktuellesjahr:
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/data_csv/csv-files/%s-%s-%s/data-%s-%s-%s-%s.csv" %(jahr,monat,tag,sensor,jahr,monat,tag)
iszip = False
else:
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/data_csv/%s/%s/data-%s-%s-%s.zip" %(jahr,monat,sensor,jahr,monat)
iszip = True
if iszip == True:
folderzip = "data-%s-%s-%s.zip" %(sensor,jahr,monat)
folderohnezip = "data-%s-%s-%s" %(sensor,jahr,monat)
filename = "data-%s-%s-%s-%s.csv" %(sensor,jahr,monat,tag)
mkdir(temp+"\\"+folderohnezip, 0o777)
with urllib.request.urlopen(link) as dl_file:
with open(temp+"\\"+folderzip, 'wb') as out_file:
out_file.write(dl_file.read())
with zipfile.ZipFile(temp+"\\"+folderzip, 'r') as zip_ref:
zip_ref.extractall(temp+"\\"+folderohnezip)
copyfile(temp+"\\"+folderohnezip+"\\"+filename, temp+"\\"+filename)
rmtree(temp+"\\"+folderohnezip)
remove(temp+"\\"+folderzip)
else:
filename = "data-%s-%s-%s-%s.csv" %(sensor,jahr,monat,tag)
with urllib.request.urlopen(link) as dl_file:
with open(temp+"\\"+filename, 'wb') as out_file:
out_file.write(dl_file.read())
#CSV zu Liste
getvalues(temp+"\\"+filename,ypm10,xpm10,6,True)
print("marker1")
getvalues(temp+"\\"+filename,ypm25,xpm25,7,True)
remove(temp+"\\"+filename)
#Graph
plt.style.use("dark_background")
plt.figure(dpi=600)
ax = plt.subplot()
ax.yaxis.grid(True)
print("marker2")
plt.plot(xpm10,ypm10,"r",label="PM10",linewidth=0.7)
plt.plot(xpm25,ypm25,"g",label="PM25",linewidth=0.7)
ax.legend(facecolor="#cccccc")#(211,211,211,1))
print("marker3")
ende1 = time.time()
plt.savefig(bilderpfad+"\\"+e+".png", transparent=True)
ende2 = time.time()
print("marker4")
plt.cla()
plt.close("all")
print('Einzelzeit: :5.3fs'.format(ende1-start1))
print('Durchlauf: :5.3fs'.format(ende2-start1))
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
def bildtransparent(bild):
img = Image.open(bild)
img = img.convert("RGBA")
datas = img.getdata()
newData = []
for item in datas:
if item[0] == 255 and item[1] == 255 and item[2] == 255:
newData.append((255, 255, 255, 0))
else:
newData.append(item)
img.putdata(newData)
img.save(bild, "PNG")
#
print("Feinstaubdaten auslesen \nAutor: Florian Gruber \nDatum: 25.03.2020")
namen = "Festsaal":"esp8266-12774674","TH-Trakt":"esp8266-12775574", "Götzis":"esp8266-12775921", "Koblach":"esp8266-12776092"
orte = ["Festsaal", "TH-Trakt", "Götzis", "Koblach"]
bilderpfad = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, shellcon.CSIDL_MYPICTURES, None, 0)
feinbilder = bilderpfad + "\\Feinstaub"
datumjetzt = datetime.now()
aktuellermonat = datumjetzt.strftime("%m")
aktuellesjahr = datumjetzt.strftime("%Y")
aktuellertag = datumjetzt.strftime("%d")
temp = feinbilder+"\\temp"
j = 1
zeitraum = False
größe = (1326,756)
höheobenzusatz = 0
höheuntenzusatz = 0
breitelinkszusatz = 0
breiterechtszusatz = 0
strichliste = [0,339,678,1017,1357,1696,1357+678,2375,2714]
uhrzeiten = ["00:00","03:00","06:00","09:00","12:00","15:00","18:00","21:00","24:00"]
#Ordner erstellen
try:
mkdir(feinbilder, 0o775)
print("Ordner erstellt")
except:
None
try:
mkdir(feinbilder+"\\temp", 0o777)
print("Ordner erstellt")
except:
None
##print(shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, shellcon.CSIDL_DESKTOP, None, 0))
##path1 = shell.SHGetFolderPath(0, shellcon.CSIDL_DESKTOP, None, 0)+"\\Feinstaubdiagramme.lnk"
##desktop = winshell.desktop()
##target = path.abspath(__file__)
##shell = Dispatch('WScript.Shell')
##shortcut = shell.CreateShortCut(path1)
##shortcut.Targetpath = target
##shortcut.save()
##except:
## print("Fehler")
#Bilder Downloaden
while True:
datumin = "1.1.20"#input("Datum: ")
datumls = datumedit(2, list(datumin), 0)
datumls = datumedit(5, datumls, 3)
if len(datumls) == 8:
datumls.insert(-2,"2")
datumls.insert(-2,"0")
tag = datumls[0]+datumls[1]
monat = datumls[3]+datumls[4]
jahr = datumls[6]+datumls[7]+datumls[8]+datumls[9]
datum = jahr+"-"+monat+"-"+tag
try:
mkdir(feinbilder+"\\"+datum, 0o775)
print("Ordner erstellt")
except:
None
if aktuellertag == tag and aktuellermonat == monat and aktuellesjahr == jahr:
tage = 0#int(input("Anzahl Tage (0 für 24h): "))
i = 1
links = []
if tage == 0:
bzeitr = "24-Stunden"
for e in orte:
sensor = namen[e]
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/images/sensor-%s-sds011-1-day.png" %sensor
bild = open(feinbilder+"\\"+e+".png", "wb")
bild.write(urllib.request.urlopen(link).read())
bild.close()
if tage > 1:
bzeitr = "7-Tage"
for e in orte:
sensor = namen[e]
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/images/sensor-%s-sds011-1-week.png" %sensor
bild = open(feinbilder+"\\"+e+".png", "wb")
bild.write(urllib.request.urlopen(link).read())
bild.close()
if tage > 7:
bzeitr = "1-Monat"
for e in orte:
sensor = namen[e]
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/images/sensor-%s-sds011-1-month.png" %sensor
bild = open(feinbilder+"\\"+e+".png", "wb")
bild.write(urllib.request.urlopen(link).read())
bild.close()
if tage > 31:
bzeitr = "1-Jahr"
for e in orte:
sensor = namen[e]
link = "https://www.madavi.de/sensor/images/sensor-%s-sds011-1-year.png" %sensor
bild = open(feinbilder+"\\"+e+".png", "wb")
bild.write(urllib.request.urlopen(link).read())
bild.close()
zeitraum = True
else:
bestimmtertag(datumin,orte,namen,temp,feinbilder,aktuellermonat,aktuellesjahr,tag,monat,jahr)
größenzusatz = True
#Collage erstellen
if größenzusatz == True:
größe = (7080,5600)
höheuntenzusatz = 2300
höheobenzusatz = -203
breitelinkszusatz = -80
breiterechtszusatz = 2752
collage = Image.new("RGB",größe,(0,0,0))
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(collage)
for e in orte:
if j == 1:
tup1 = (10+breitelinkszusatz,60+höheobenzusatz) # Position Einzelbild
tup2 = (189,35) #Position Text Orte
tup3 = (406,2424) #Rechteck Beginn
tup4 = (3390,2550) #Rechteck Ende
tup5 = [541,2454,541,199] # Linien erstellen Ausgangswerte
elif j == 2:
tup1 = (668+breiterechtszusatz,60+höheobenzusatz)
tup2 = (3707,35)
tup3 = (3896,2424)
tup4 = (6880,2550)
tup5 = [4031,2454,3930,199]
elif j == 3:
tup1 = (10+breitelinkszusatz,423+höheuntenzusatz)
tup2 = (189,2903)
tup3 = (406,5290)
tup4 = (3390,5416)
tup5 = [541,5320,541,3066]
elif j == 4:
tup1 = (668+breiterechtszusatz,423+höheuntenzusatz)
tup2 = (3707,2903)
tup3 = (3896,5290)
tup4 = (6880,5416)
tup5 = [4031,5320,3930,3066]
bild = Image.open(feinbilder+"\\%s.png"%e)
bild.copy()
collage.paste(bild,tup1)
bild.close()
o = 0
if größenzusatz == True:
font = ImageFont.truetype("arial.ttf", 80)
draw.rectangle((tup3, tup4), fill="black")
for f in strichliste:
if o == 9:
o = 0
draw.line((tup5[0]+f,tup5[1],tup5[0]+f,tup5[3]),fill="white",width=3)#
draw.text((tup5[0]-100+f,tup5[1]+6),uhrzeiten[o], fill="white",font=font)
o += 1
else:
font = ImageFont.truetype("arial.ttf", 70)
j += 1
#Orte schreiben
font = ImageFont.truetype("arial.ttf", 100)
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(collage)
draw.text(tup2,e,fill="white",font=font)
draw.text((10,8),datum,(0,0,0),font=font)
if zeitraum == True:
draw.text((1230,8),bzeitr,(0,0,0),font=font)
#Bild speichern
if zeitraum == True:
collage.save(feinbilder+"\\"+datum+"\\"+bzeitr+".png")
else:
collage.save(feinbilder+"\\"+datum+"\\"+datum+".png")
#Einzelbilder löschen
for e in orte:
remove(feinbilder+"\\"+e+".png")
#Bild öffnen
collage.show()
break
【问题讨论】：
【参考方案1】：执行这个
pip uninstall pathlib
【讨论】：
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