Visual Studio 2008 中的非托管 C++ 单元测试
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【中文标题】Visual Studio 2008 中的非托管 C++ 单元测试【英文标题】：Unmanaged C++ Unit testing in Visual Studio 2008 【发布时间】：2009-09-18 13:30:08 【问题描述】：我想创建一个托管 C++ 单元测试项目来测试一个非托管 MFC 项目。我已阅读msujaws 的程序并遵循它。我实现了一个测试方法来测试函数的返回字符串，如下所示：
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TxStats.h"
#include <cstdlib>
#include <atlstr.h>
#pragma managed
#using <mscorlib.dll>
#using <System.dll>
#using <system.data.dll>
using namespace std;
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Text::RegularExpressions;
using namespace System::Collections::Generic;
using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;
using namespace Microsoft::VisualStudio::TestTools::UnitTesting;
namespace AUnitTest
[TestClass]
public ref class TxStatsTest
private:
TestContext^ testContextInstance;
public:
/// <summary>
///Gets or sets the test context which provides
///information about and functionality for the current test run.
///</summary>
property Microsoft::VisualStudio::TestTools::UnitTesting::TestContext^ TestContext
Microsoft::VisualStudio::TestTools::UnitTesting::TestContext^ get()
return testContextInstance;
System::Void set(Microsoft::VisualStudio::TestTools::UnitTesting::TestContext^ value)
testContextInstance = value;
;
#pragma region Additional test attributes
//
//You can use the following additional attributes as you write your tests:
//
//Use ClassInitialize to run code before running the first test in the class
//[ClassInitialize()]
//static void MyClassInitialize(TestContext^ testContext) ;
//
//Use ClassCleanup to run code after all tests in a class have run
//[ClassCleanup()]
//static void MyClassCleanup() ;
//
//Use TestInitialize to run code before running each test
//[TestInitialize()]
//void MyTestInitialize() ;
//
//Use TestCleanup to run code after each test has run
//[TestCleanup()]
//void MyTestCleanup() ;
//
#pragma endregion
[TestMethod]
void TestGetTxRateStr()
/* str to CString
CManagedClass* pCManagedClass = new CManagedClass();
pCManagedClass->ShowMessage(strMessage);
char* szMessage = (char*)Marshal::StringToHGlobalAnsi(strMessage);
CUnmanagedClass cUnmanagedClass; cUnmanagedClass.ShowMessageBox(szMessage);
Marshal::FreeHGlobal((int)szMessage);
*/
CString out = TxStats::GetTxRateStr(1024);
// convert between MFC and .NET String implementations
String ^ myManagedString = Marshal::PtrToStringAnsi((IntPtr) (char *) out.GetBuffer());
String ^ ret = myManagedString ;///gcnew String( );
Regex ^ matStr = gcnew Regex("1024 KB/s");
StringAssert::Matches(ret, matStr);
;
测试不同项目中的代码，如下所示：
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "TxStats.h"
TxStats::TxStats()
/*
This method returns a data rate string formatted in either Bytes, KBytes, MBytes or GBytes per sec
from an int of the bytes per second.
*/
CString TxStats::GetTxRateStr(__int64 Bps)
enum DataUnits dunit;
const __int64 dataSizes[]= 0x1, // 2 ^ 0
0x400, // 2 ^ 10
0x100000, // 2 ^ 20
0x40000000;// 2 ^ 30
const char *dataStrs[] = "B/s",
"KB/s",
"MB/s",
"GB/s";
CString out;
double datarate;
bool finish = false;
for ( dunit = A_KBYTE; dunit <= LARGER_THAN_BIGGEST_UNIT; dunit = DataUnits(dunit+1) )
if ( dunit == LARGER_THAN_BIGGEST_UNIT )
if (dataSizes[dunit - 1] <= Bps )
//Gigabytes / sec
datarate = Bps / ((double) dataSizes[dunit - 1]);
out.Format("%4.2f %s", datarate, dataStrs[dunit - 1]);
finish = true;
break;
else
if (Bps < dataSizes[dunit])
//(Kilo, Mega)bytes / sec
datarate = Bps / ((double) dataSizes[dunit - 1]);
out.Format("%4.2f %s", datarate, dataStrs[dunit - 1]);
finish = true;
break;
if (! finish)
out.Format("%s", "Unknown!");
return out.GetBuffer();
void TxStats::BytesToSizeStr(__int64 bytes, CString &out)
if (bytes < 0)
out = "Err";
else if (bytes == 0)
out = "0B";
else
CString size;
CString byteChar = "B";
CString unit;
int val;
if (bytes < 1024)
//Bytes
unit = "";
val = (int)bytes;
else if ( (bytes >> 10) < 1024 )
//Kilobytes
unit = "K";
__int64 div = 1 << 10;
val = (int) (bytes / ((double) div ));
else if ( (bytes >> 20) < 1024 )
//Megabytes
unit = "M";
__int64 div = 1 << 20;
val = (int) (bytes / ((double) div ));
else
//Else assume gigabytes
unit = "G";
__int64 div = 1 << 30;
val = (int) (bytes / ((double) div ));
unit = unit + byteChar;
const char * unitCharBuf = unit.GetBuffer();
size.Format("%d%s", ((int) val), unitCharBuf);
out = size.GetBuffer();
但是，当我编译此代码时，我收到以下错误：
2>TxStatsTest.obj : error LNK2028: unresolved token (0A0005D4) "public: static class ATL::CStringT<char,class StrTraitMFC_DLL<char,class ATL::ChTraitsCRT<char> > > __cdecl TxStats::GetTxRateStr(__int64)" (?GetTxRateStr@TxStats@@$$FSA?AV?$CStringT@DV?$StrTraitMFC_DLL@DV?$ChTraitsCRT@D@ATL@@@@@ATL@@_J@Z) referenced in function "public: void __clrcall AUnitTest::TxStatsTest::TestGetTxRateStr(void)" (?TestGetTxRateStr@TxStatsTest@AUnitTest@@$$FQ$AAMXXZ)
2>TxStatsTest.obj : error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol "public: static class ATL::CStringT<char,class StrTraitMFC_DLL<char,class ATL::ChTraitsCRT<char> > > __cdecl TxStats::GetTxRateStr(__int64)" (?GetTxRateStr@TxStats@@$$FSA?AV?$CStringT@DV?$StrTraitMFC_DLL@DV?$ChTraitsCRT@D@ATL@@@@@ATL@@_J@Z) referenced in function "public: void __clrcall AUnitTest::TxStatsTest::TestGetTxRateStr(void)" (?TestGetTxRateStr@TxStatsTest@AUnitTest@@$$FQ$AAMXXZ)
2>\trunk\<proj>\Debug\AUnitTest.dll : fatal error LNK1120: 2 unresolved externals
2>Caching metadata information for c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\common7\ide\publicassemblies\microsoft.visualstudio.qualitytools.unittestframework.dll...
2>Build log was saved at "file://trunk\<proj>\AUnitTest\Debug\BuildLog.htm"
2>AUnitTest - 3 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Rebuild All: 1 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 skipped ==========
谁能提出为什么单元测试项目可能没有链接到主项目的 obj 文件？ （我已经将主项目指定为单元测试项目的依赖）
【问题讨论】：
提供的答案是否有帮助？ 【参考方案1】：你可以添加
#pragma comment(lib, "TxStats.lib")
到您的单元测试项目的 stdafx.cpp 以链接到其他库。
【讨论】：
如果它不是构建为 .lib 而是 .obj 怎么办（或者我可以将其更改为 .lib，因为我的另一个项目是一个应用程序并且必须保持不变）。 你可以输出一个 .lib 导入库而不影响其他任何东西。只需在项目的链接器选项的高级页面上指定文件名。【参考方案2】：您需要将要测试的项目的 *.obj 文件添加到单元测试项目的链接器输入中
【讨论】：
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