创建名为“dataSource”+ Spring Boot + Hibernate 的 bean 时出错

Posted 2023-03-08

【中文标题】创建名为“dataSource”+ Spring Boot + Hibernate 的 bean 时出错

【英文标题】：Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' + Spring Boot + Hibernate

【发布时间】：2018-01-25 03:28:17

【问题描述】：

我在启动有关如何访问 mysql 数据的 spring 指南时遇到了一些问题（请参阅此链接：https://spring.io/guides/gs/accessing-data-mysql/）。我稍微调整了类，所以我有这个代码：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0      http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>gs-mysql-data</artifactId>
    <version>0.1.0</version>

    <parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>

<dependencies>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- JPA Data (We are going to use Repositories, Entities, Hibernate, etc...) -->

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!-- Use MySQL Connector-J -->

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<build>
<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    </plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

我正在使用这个主控制器： MainController.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import com.resource.iPbackend.UserRepository;
import com.resource.iPbackend.User;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(path = "/main")
public class MainController 

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;

    @RequestMapping(path = "/reg", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public @ResponseBody String regNewUser (@RequestParam String firstName,      @RequestParam String lastName, @RequestParam String email, @RequestParam String password, @RequestParam String username) 
        User n = new User();
        n.setFirstName(firstName);
        n.setLastName(lastName);
        n.setEmail(email);
        n.setPassword(password);
        n.setUsername(username);
        userRepository.save(n);
        return "User is stored in database: " + n;
    

    @GetMapping(path = "/all")
    public @ResponseBody Iterable<User> getAllUsers() 
        return userRepository.findAll();
    

连同这个存储库： UserRepository.java

import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.resource.iPbackend.User;


@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> 

还有这个实体： User.java

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
@Entity
public class User 

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;
    private String email;
    private String password;
    private String username;

    public Integer getId() 
        return id;
    

    public void setId(Integer id) 
        this.id = id;
    

    public String getFirstName() 
        return firstName;
    

    public void setFirstName(String firstName) 
        this.firstName = firstName;
    

    public String getLastName() 
        return lastName;
    

    public void setLastName(String lastName) 
        this.lastName = lastName;
    

    public String getEmail() 
        return email;
    

    public void setEmail(String email) 
        this.email = email;
    

    public String getPassword() 
        return password;
    

    public void setPassword(String password) 
        this.password = password;
    

    public String getUsername() 
        return username;
    

    public void setUsername(String username) 
        this.username = username;
    

最后我有了这个 Application.class：

@EnableAutoConfiguration
@SpringBootApplication
public class IPbackendApplication 

public static void main(String[] args) 

    SpringApplication.run(IPbackendApplication.class, args);

我收到此错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException：创建名为“org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration”的bean时出错：通过构造函数参数0表示的不满足依赖关系；嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException：在类路径资源 [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/jdbc/DataSourceConfiguration$Tomcat.class] 中定义名称为“dataSource”的 bean 创建时出错：通过工厂方法进行 Bean 实例化失败;嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException：无法实例化 [org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource]：工厂方法 'dataSource' 抛出异常；嵌套异常是 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: URL 必须以 'jdbc' 开头 在 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749) ~[spring-beans-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE] 在 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:189) ~[spring-beans-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE] 在 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1193) ~[spring-beans-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar:4.3.10.RELEASE]

感谢您的帮助！

【问题讨论】：

缺少相关代码：spring 使用的数据库配置在哪里？

【参考方案1】：

查看异常跟踪中的这条消息：

嵌套异常是 org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException：失败 实例化[org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource]：工厂方法 'dataSource' 抛出异常；嵌套异常是 java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: URL 必须以 'jdbc' 开头 在 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749)

您很可能没有提供重视spring.datasource.url 属性的application.properties 文件。 否则你没有正确地评估它。

它应该看起来像：

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/mydb

您可以参考the Spring Boot documentation。

【参考方案2】：

您分享的最后一个属性有一些错误需要修复spring.datasource.data-username=myuser 和spring.datasource.data-password=ThePassword

这是如何正确配置 spring 数据源的示例

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb
spring.datasource.username=myuser
spring.datasource.password=ThePassword

这是Spring documentation的另一个例子

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/test
spring.datasource.username=dbuser
spring.datasource.password=dbpass
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

【参考方案3】：

我在尝试测试我的 dao 层时收到了非常相似的错误。

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class ItemRepositoryTest 

    @Autowired
    private ItemRepository itemRepository;

    @Test
    public void findAll() 
        List<Item> allItems = itemRepository.findAll();
        Assertions.assertThat(allItems).hasSize(9);
    

问题已通过添加解决：

@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace=AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)

到测试班：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace=AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
public class ItemRepositoryTest ...