意外标记 `' ` 附近的语法错误

Posted 2023-03-06

【中文标题】意外标记 `\' ` 附近的语法错误

【英文标题】：syntax error near unexpected token `' `意外标记 `' ` 附近的语法错误

【发布时间】：2016-02-29 01:03:24

【问题描述】：

我正在编写一个 shell 脚本来为游戏下雨的风险制作一个新的保存文件。我正在尝试使可用的解锁部分（例如成就、怪物日志、工件等）可以一次全部添加到文件中，或者用户将能够选择哪些部分他们想要添加。我是编写 shell 脚本的新手，我不太清楚为什么在运行我目前所拥有的东西时会收到错误 syntax error near unexpected token `'我的剧本。如果有人可以向我解释为什么我会收到错误，如何修复它，和/或如何改进我的脚本，将不胜感激。如果这很重要，我也在 Mac OS X 上。这是我的脚本。

#!/bin/bash
mkdir ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all

echo "This script takes ~/Library/Application Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini and backs it up to ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave. It generates a new Save.ini that is built to your specifications, unlocking all items and achievements or just the ones you choose, and replaces the existing Save.ini with the new one." >> ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/README.txt

mkdir ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave

cp ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave/

cd ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all

echo -n 'How would you like the new Save.ini to be built? Press 1 for all unlocks or 2 to customize.'
read text
if [ $text = "1" ]
then 
    
        echo "[Achievement]" >> EOF1

        count=1

        while [ $count -lt 55 ]
        do
          echo "acheivement$count=\"2\"" >> EOF2
          count=`expr $count + 1`
        done

        echo "[Record]" >> EOF3

        count=1

        while [ $count -lt 31 ]
        do
          echo "mons$count=\"1\"" >> EOF4
          count=`expr $count + 1`
        done

        count=1

        while [ $count -lt 110 ]
        do
          echo "item$count=\"1\"" >> EOF5
          count=`expr $count + 1`
        done

        count=1

        while [ $count -lt 10 ]
        do
          echo "artifact$count=\"1\"" >> EOF6
          count=`expr $count + 1`
        done

        cat EOF1 EOF2 EOF3 EOF4 EOF5 EOF6 > Save.ini 

        rm EOF1 EOF2 EOF3 EOF4 EOF5 EOF6 

        cp -force ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/Save.ini ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini

        echo "Original Save.ini successfully overwritten."

        exit

       

elif [ $text = "2" ]; then
    
        echo "You selected customize. Now we will build a custom Save.ini"
        echo -n "Press 1 if you want to unlock all achievements, press 2 to continue without unlocking all achievements."
        read text
        if [ $text = "1" ]; then 

            
                echo "[Achievement]" >> EOF1
                count=1
                while [ $count -lt 55 ]
                do
                  echo "acheivement$count=\"2\"" >> EOF2
                  count=`expr $count + 1`
                done

                echo "All achievements successfully unlocked."
                echo -n "Press 1 to make the Save.ini and replace the existing one with it and then exit, or press 2 to customize it further."
                read text
                if [ $text = "1" ]; then
                    
                        cat EOF1 EOF2 > Save.ini
                        rm EOF1 EOF2
                        cp -force ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/Save.ini ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini
                        echo "Original Save.ini successfully overwritten."
                        exit
                    

                elif [ $text = "2" ] then;
                    
                        echo -n "Press 1 to unlock all monster logs, or press 2 to continue without unlocking all monster logs."
                        read text
                        if [ $text = "1" ]; then
                            
                                echo "[Record]" >> EOF3 

                                count=1
                                while [ $count -lt 31 ]
                                do
                                  echo "mons$count=\"1\"" >> EOF4
                                  count=`expr $count + 1`
                                done

                                echo "All achievements successfully unlocked."
                                echo -n "Press 1 to make the Save.ini and replace the existing one with it and then exit, or press 2 to customize it further."
                                read text
                            
                        
                    
                

【问题讨论】：

你有一个不平衡的。解决这个问题的最佳方法是很好地缩进你的代码，或者使用一个支持你的 bash 编辑器（比如 VIM）

这些大括号实际上都不是必需的。

在 shell 中，大括号用于对 I/O 重定向进行分组，而不仅仅是对命令进行分组。最后有一个右括号流；四个中的第二个应该是 fi 或在它之前需要一个 fi。您在脚本中至少缺少两个fi。我会让你整理出你想要保留多少个大括号（它们都不是必需的）——但你的脚本也必须在没有它们的情况下对 shell 有意义。

将代码粘贴到shellcheck.net 将突出显示语法错误。

【参考方案1】：

您的脚本有一些错误： - 第 93 行：elif [ $text = "2" ] then; 应更改为 elif [ $text = "2" ]; then - 如果 bash 中的命令必须具有 fi 才能关闭条件。可以参考http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO-6.html 希望对您有所帮助

【参考方案2】：

在决定编写脚本之前，您应该对所使用的语言有基本的了解。即使是对the documentation 或任何how-to pages 的最粗略阅读也会告诉您if 语句的正确语法。

除此之外，您的脚本还有许多效率低下的地方。反引号运算符会启动一个子 shell，即 bash 的一个新实例，因此这不一定是您想要在循环中执行 110 次的事情。

这里解决了几个较大的问题。我建议查看functions 以消除大量代码重复和条件嵌套。

#!/bin/bash
mkdir ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all

echo "This script takes ~/Library/Application Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini and backs it up to ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave. It generates a new Save.ini that is built to your specifications, unlocking all items and achievements or just the ones you choose, and replaces the existing Save.ini with the new one." >> ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/README.txt

mkdir ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave

cp ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/originalSave/

cd ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all

read -n 1 -p 'How would you like the new Save.ini to be built? Press 1 for all unlocks or 2 to customize.' text
if [ $text = "1" ]
    then 
    echo "[Achievement]" > Save.ini
    for count in 1..54; do
        echo "acheivement$count=\"2\"" >> Save.ini
    done

    echo "[Record]" >> Save.ini
    for count in 1..30; do
        echo "mons$count=\"1\"" >> Save.ini
    done

    for count in 1..109; do
        echo "item$count=\"1\"" >> Save.ini
    done

    for count in 1..9; do
        echo "artifact$count=\"1\"" >> Save.ini
    done

    cp -force ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/Save.ini ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini
    echo "Original Save.ini successfully overwritten."
    exit

elif [ $text = "2" ]; then
    echo "You selected customize. Now we will build a custom Save.ini"
    read -n 1 -p "Press 1 if you want to unlock all achievements, press 2 to continue without unlocking all achievements." text
    if [ $text = "1" ]; then 
        echo "[Achievement]" > Save.ini
        for count in 1..54; do
            echo "acheivement$count=\"2\"" >> Save.ini
        done

        echo "All achievements successfully unlocked."
        read -n 1 -p "Press 1 to make the Save.ini and replace the existing one with it and then exit, or press 2 to customize it further." text
        if [ $text = "1" ]; then
            cp -force ~/Desktop/ror_save_unlock_all/Save.ini ~/Library/Application\ Support/com.riskofrain.riskofrain/Save.ini
            echo "Original Save.ini successfully overwritten."
            exit

        elif [ $text = "2" ]; then
            read -n 1 -p "Press 1 to unlock all monster logs, or press 2 to continue without unlocking all monster logs." text
            if [ $text = "1" ]; then
                echo "[Record]" >> Save.ini

                for count in 1..30; do
                echo "mons$count=\"1\"" >> Save.ini
                done

                echo "All monster logs successfully unlocked."
                read -n 1 -p "Press 1 to unlock all monster logs, or press 2 to continue without unlocking all monster logs." text
                if [ $text = "1" ]; then
                    #...
                fi
            fi
        fi
    fi
fi

【讨论】：

这是居高临下的。