MongoDB快速入门学习笔记3 MongoDB的文档插入操作

Posted 2020-07-13

1、文档的数据存储格式为BSON，类似于JSON。MongoDB插入数据时会检验数据中是否有“_id”域，如果没有会自动生成。
shell操作有insert和save两种方法。当插入一条数据有“_id”值，并且现在集合中已经有相同的值，使用insert插入时插入不进去，使用save时，会更新数据。

 1 > db.student.drop()
 2 true
 3 > db.student.insert({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 28})
 4 WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
 5 > db.student.find()
 6 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 28 }
 7 > db.student.insert({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 27})
 8 WriteResult({
 9         "nInserted" : 0,
10         "writeError" : {
11                 "code" : 11000,
12                 "errmsg" : "E11000 duplicate key error collection: zyhdb.student index: _id_ dup key: { : 1.0 }"
13         }
14 })
15 > db.student.find()
16 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 28 }
17 > db.student.save({"_id": 1, "name":"zhangsan", "age": 27})
18 WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 1, "nUpserted" : 0, "nModified" : 1 })
19 > db.student.find()
20 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }

 

2、批量插入，网上的文档都说不能MongoDB不支持批量插入，现在试过可以，应该是目前的版本支持批量插入了。

 1 > db.student.insert([{"_id": 2, "name": "lisi"},{"_id": 3, "name": "wangwu"}, {"_id": 4, "name": "zhaoliu", "age": 28}])
 2 BulkWriteResult({
 3 "writeErrors" : [ ],
 4 "writeConcernErrors" : [ ],
 5 "nInserted" : 3,
 6 "nUpserted" : 0,
 7 "nMatched" : 0,
 8 "nModified" : 0,
 9 "nRemoved" : 0,
10 "upserted" : [ ]
11 })
12 > db.student.find()
13 { "_id" : 1, "name" : "zhangsan", "age" : 27 }
14 { "_id" : 2, "name" : "lisi" }
15 { "_id" : 3, "name" : "wangwu" }
16 { "_id" : 4, "name" : "zhaoliu", "age" : 28 }

 

3、循环插入：

 1 > for(var i=0; i<10; i++){db.fortest.insert({num: i})}
 2 WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
 3 > db.fortest.find()
 4 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab5"), "num" : 0 }
 5 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab6"), "num" : 1 }
 6 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab7"), "num" : 2 }
 7 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab8"), "num" : 3 }
 8 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeabab9"), "num" : 4 }
 9 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababa"), "num" : 5 }
10 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababb"), "num" : 6 }
11 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababc"), "num" : 7 }
12 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababd"), "num" : 8 }
13 { "_id" : ObjectId("57469e80142cea1d9aeababe"), "num" : 9 }