day85 ModuleForm
Posted 萌哥
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1 forms组件与modelform组件
forms组件：
https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/9036474.html
modelForm组件：
https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanchenqi/articles/8034442.html
增删改查----增改涉及form表单
https://www.kancloud.cn/cyyspring/django/619212
Form组件的功能 ： 1. 校验字段 ，2. 渲染页面 ，3.显示错误信息.
一 、原生form 的表单增删改查.
1 .modules 文件
from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
class Book(models.Model):
title =models.CharField(max_length=32)
price =models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2)
pub_date =models.DateField()
publishzd =models.ForeignKey(\'Publish\')
authors =models.ManyToManyField(\'Author\')
class Publish(models.Model):
name =models.CharField(max_length=32)
class Author(models.Model):
name =models.CharField(max_length=32)
2.
view文件
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
# Create your views here.
from app01 import models
def books(request):
book_list =models.Book.objects.all()
return render(request,\'book_list.html\',{\'book_list\':book_list})
##添加页面
def addbook(request):
if request.method==\'POST\':
title =request.POST.get(\'title\')
price =request.POST.get(\'price\')
publishzd_id =request.POST.get(\'publish\')
pub_date =request.POST.get(\'pub_date\')
authors_pk_list =request.POST.getlist(\'authors\')
book=models.Book.objects.create(title =title ,price=price ,pub_date = pub_date,publishzd_id=publishzd_id)
book.authors.set(authors_pk_list)
models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).update(title=title, price=price, pub_date=pub_date, publishzd_id=publishzd_id)
book =models.Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first()
book.authors.set(authors_pk_list)
return redirect(\'/books/\')
publish_list =models.Publish.objects.all()
author_list =models.Author.objects.all()
return render(request,\'addbook.html\',locals())
def changebook(request,id):
if request.method==\'POST\':
title =request.POST.get(\'title\')
price =request.POST.get(\'price\')
publishzd_id =request.POST.get(\'publish\')
pub_date =request.POST.get(\'pub_date\')
authors_pk_list =request.POST.getlist(\'authors\')
return redirect(\'/books/\')
publish_list =models.Publish.objects.all()
author_list =models.Author.objects.all()
book_edit =models.Book.objects.get(pk =id)
return render(request,\'changebook.html\',locals())
def deletebook(request,id):
models.Book.objects.get(pk=id).delete()
return redirect((\'/books/\'))
url 路由
"""day85 URL Configuration The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/http/urls/ Examples: Function views 1. Add an import: from my_app import views 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r\'^$\', views.home, name=\'home\') Class-based views 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r\'^$\', Home.as_view(), name=\'home\') Including another URLconf 1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r\'^blog/\', include(\'blog.urls\')) """ from django.conf.urls import url from django.contrib import admin from app01 import views urlpatterns = [ url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls), url(r\'^books/$\', views.books), url(r\'^books/add/$\', views.addbook), url(r\'^books/(\\d+)/change/$\', views.changebook), url(r\'^books/(\\d+)/delete/$\', views.deletebook), ]
html list页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Title</title> </head> <body> <a href="/books/add/">添加书籍</a> <ul> {% for book in book_list %} <li>{{ book.title }}===={{ book.price }}====={{ book.publishzd.name }} <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/change">编辑</a> <a href="/books/{{ book.pk }}/delete">删除</a> </li> {% endfor %} </ul> </body> </html>
add book 页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>addbook</title> </head> <body> <h1>添加页面</h1> <form action=""method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title"></p> <p>价格<input type="text" name="price"></p> <p>出版日期<input type="date" name="pub_date"></p> <p> <select name="publish" id=""> {% for publish in publish_list %} <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </p> <p> <select name="authors" id="" multiple> {% for author in author_list %} <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% endfor %} </select> </p> <input type="submit"> </form> </body> </html>
change 页面
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>changebook</title> </head> <body> <h1>编辑页面</h1> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} <p>书籍名称<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ book_edit.title }}"></p> <p>价格<input type="text" name="price" value="{{ book_edit.price }}"></p> <p>出版日期<input type="date" name="pub_date" value="{{ book_edit.pub_date|date:\'Y-m-d\' }}"></p> <p> <select name="publish" id=""> {% for publish in publish_list %} {% if book_edit.publishzd == publish %} <option selected value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% else %} <option value="{{ publish.pk }}">{{ publish.name }}</option> {% endif %} {% endfor %} </select> </p> <p> <select name="authors" id="" multiple> {% for author in author_list %} {% if author in book_edit.authors.all %} }} <option selected value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% else %} <option value="{{ author.pk }}">{{ author.name }}</option> {% endif %} {% endfor %} </select> </p> <input type="submit" value="提交表单"> </form> </body> </html>
二、modelform组件功能
1. 校验字段数据
forms组件 （1）校验字段数据 from django import forms class UserForm(forms.Form): name = forms.CharField(max_length=32) age= forms.IntegerField() email = forms.EmailField() form=UserForm({"names":"alex","email":"123@qq.com","age":123}) form=UserForm({"name":"alex"}) form=UserForm({"name":"alex","email":"123@qq.com","age":123,"a":123})
配置文件放在view里面 了
from django.shortcuts import render,redirect # Create your views here. from app01 import models def books(request): book_list =models.Book.objects.all() return render(request,\'book_list.html\',{\'book_list\':book_list}) from django.forms import ModelForm #将model 和from建立关系 #Modelform 将一个个的model转换成一个form组件 class BookModelForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model =models.Book fields=\'__all__\' #转换所有的模型表（ Book表） fields=[\'title\',\'price\',\'pub_date\']#也可以指定校验字段 def addbook(request): if request.method=="POST": form = BookModelForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): form.save() #等同于 create方法 return redirect(\'/books/\') else: return render(request, \'addbook2.html\', locals()) form = BookModelForm() return render(request, \'addbook2.html\', locals()) def changebook(request,id): if request.method==\'POST\': book_edit=models.Book.objects.get(pk=id) form =BookModelForm(request.POST,instance=book_edit) if form.is_valid(): form.save()#update方法，edit_book.update() return redirect(\'/books/\') else: return render(request,\'addbook2.html\',locals()) book_edit =models.Book.objects.get(pk =id) form = BookModelForm(instance=book_edit) return render(request,\'changebook2.html\',locals())
model 文件
from django.db import models # Create your models here. class Book(models.Model): title =models.CharField(max_length=32) price =models.DecimalField(max_digits=8,decimal_places=2) pub_date =models.DateField() publishzd =models.ForeignKey(\'Publish\') authors =models.ManyToManyField(\'Author\') def __str__(self): return self.title class Publish(models.Model): name =models.CharField(max_length=32) def __str__(self): return self.name class Author(models.Model): name =models.CharField(max_length=32) def __str__(self): return self.name
addbook html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>addbook</title> </head> <body> <h1>添加页面</h1> <form action=""method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {{ form.as_p}} <input type="submit"> </form> </body> </html>
changebook html
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>changebook</title> </head> <body> <h1>编辑页面</h1> <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %} {{ form.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="提交表单"> </form> </body> </html>
1. 创建 modelform类
2. 创建 增add 和 改 change
三、ModelForm的参数
#Modelform 将一个个的model转换成一个form组件 class BookModelForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model =models.Book fields=\'__all__\' #转换所有的模型表（ Book表） # fields=[\'title\',\'price\',\'pub_date\']#也可以指定校验字段 labels ={\'title\':\'书名\',\'price\':\'价格\'} error_messages={ \'title\':{\'require:\'"书籍名称不能为空"} }, widgets={ \'pub_date\':wid.TextInput(attrs={\'type\':\'date\'}) } def clean_title(self): return self.cleaned_data.get(\'title \')
整理的代码 ：
1. app01/xadmin.py
from Xadmin.service.Xadmin import site,ModelXadmin
from app01.models import *
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
class BookConfig(ModelXadmin):
def edit(self,obj =None,is_header=False):
if is_header:
return "操作"
#反向解析
return mark_safe("<a herf =\'%s/change\'>编辑</a>"%obj.pk)
#return mark_safe("<a href=\'%s/change\'>编辑</a>" % obj.pk)
def check(self,obj=None,is_header=False):
if is_header:
return "选择"
return mark_safe("<input type =\'checkbox\'>")
def delete(self, obj=None, is_header=False):
if is_header:
return "删除"
return mark_safe(\'a href =\'\'>删除 </a>\')
def display_authors(self,obj =None,is_header =False):
if is_header:
return \'作者\'
# s =[]
# # for author in obj.authors.all():
# # s.append(author.name)
#
# return mark_safe(\',\'.join(s))
# list_display = [check,\'nid\',\'title\',\'publish\',\'price\',edit,delete]
# list_display = [check,\'nid\',\'title\',\'publish\',\'price\',display_authors,edit,delete] #多对多的时候用函数的模式display_authors
list_display = [check,\'nid\',\'title\',\'publish\',\'price\',\'authors\',edit,delete]
site.register(Book,BookConfig)
site.register(Publish)
site.register(Author)
site.register(AuthorDetail)
2. Xadmin/service/Xadmin.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse,render,redirect
class ModelXadmin(object):
list_display=["__str__",]
print(\'list_display:\',list_display)
def __init__(self,model,site):
self.model =model
self.site =site
def list_view(self,request):
print("self.model:",self.model) #用户访问哪张表，self.model就是谁。
model_name =self.model._meta.model_name
data_list = self.model.objects.all()
print("list_display",self.list_display)##[\'title\',\'price]
print(\'datalist\',data_list)
#处理表头
header_list=[]
#[check,\'nid\',\'title\',\'publish\',\'price\',edit,delete]
for field in self.list_display:# model类的字段
if isinstance(field,str):
if field ==\'__str__\':
print("field",field)
val =self.model._meta.model_name.upper()
print(\'val\',val)
else:
field_obj =self.model._meta.get_field(field)
print(\'11111111111\',field_obj)
val =field_obj.verbose_name
print(val)
else:
val = field(self,is_header=True) #获取表头，传is_header=True
header_list.append(val)
#处理表单数据
new_data_list=[]
for obj in data_list:# data_list [book_obj,book_obj2...] data_list = self.model.objects.all()
print(\'obj:\',obj) #obj Book object 打印的为对象.
temp =[]
for field in self.list_display: #list-display 为在app01下定义的字段. list_display = [check,\'nid\',\'title\',\'publish\',\'price\'
if isinstance(field,str):
from django.db.models.fields.related import ManyToManyField # 44行到 53行代码为manytomany多对多字段作者显示的。
field_obj = self.model._meta.get_field(field)
if isinstance(field_obj, ManyToManyField):
t = []
for i in getattr(obj,field).all():
t.append(str(i))
val = \',\'.join(t)
print(\'manytomany\',val)
else:
val = getattr(obj,field) #将属性字符串进行getattr操作 比如：getattr(book_obj,title) 结果为linux ,或者
else:
val =field(self,obj) #执行app01下 的方法.
temp.append(val)
new_data_list.append(temp)
print(\'data-list:\',data_list) # data-list: <QuerySet [<Book: linux>, <Book: go>, <Book: python>, <Book: c>]>
print(\'8888\',new_data_list) #8888 [["<input type =\'checkbox\'>", 1, \'linux\', <Publish: 五道口出版社>, Decimal(\'111.00\'), \'\', "<a herf =\'1/change\'>编辑</a>", \'a href =>删除 </a>\'], ["<input type =\'checkbox\'>", 2, \'go\', <Publish: 上地出版社>, Decimal(\'222.00\'), \'哪吒,苑浩\', "<a herf =\'2/change\'>编辑</a>", \'a href =>删除 </a>\'], ["<input type =\'checkbox\'>", 3, \'python\', <Publish: 五道口出版社>, Decimal(\'333.00\'), \'苑浩,哪吒\', "<a herf =\'3/change\'>编辑</a>", \'a href =>删除 </a>\'], ["<input type =\'checkbox\'>", 4, \'c\', <Publish: 清华出版社>, Decimal(\'444.00\'), \'\', "<a herf =\'4/change\'>编辑</a>", \'a href =>删除 </a>\']]
return render(request, \'list_view.html\', {"new_data_list": new_data_list,"model_name":model_name,"header_list":header_list})
def add_view(self,request):
return render(request,\'add_view.html\')
def change_view(self,request,id):
return render(request,\'change_view.html\')
def delete_view(self,request,id):
return render(request,\'delete_view.html\')
def get_urls2(self):
temp =[]
temp.append(url(r"^$",self.list_view))
temp.append(url(\'r^add/$\',self.add_view))
temp.append(url(\'r^(\\d+)/change/$\',self.add_view))
temp.append(url(\'r^(\\d+)/delete/$\',self.delete_view))
return temp
@property
def urls2(self):
print(\'url2\')
return self.get_urls2(),None,None
class XadminSite(object):
def __init__(self,name =\'admin\'):
self._registry ={}
def get_urls(self):
print(self._registry)# {Book:modelAdmin(Book),.....}
temp = []
for model, admin_class_obj in self._registry.items():
#获取当前循环的model的字符串与所在的app字符串
app_name = model._meta.app_label # \'app01\'
model_name = model._meta.model_name #\'book\'
temp.append(url(r\'^{0}/{1}/\'.format(app_name,model_name),admin_class_obj.urls2),)
return temp
@property
def urls(self):
print(\'urls\')
return self.get_urls(),None,None
def register(self ,model,admin_class =None,**options):
if not admin_class:
admin_class =ModelXadmin
self._registry[model]= admin_class(model,self) #{ BOOK：ModelAdmin(Book),Publish:ModelAdmin(Publish)}
site =XadminSite()
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