PO设计模式-实现移动端自动化测试
Posted 水立方小冰
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了PO设计模式-实现移动端自动化测试相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
开发环境：python 3.6.5 + selenium 2.48.0 + pytest框架 + android 5.1
工具：pycharm + Appium + Genymotion
测试机型：Samsung Galaxy S6
#需求：设计3个测试用例 #1.实现点击设置->显示->放大镜（查找）->输入内容->点击返回按钮 #2.实现点击设置->更多->移动网络->首选网络类型->2G #3.实现点击设置->更多->移动网络->首选网络类型->3G
以下是PO模式设计文件目录
实现设计模式前：
import time from appium import webdriver class TestSetting: def setup(self): # server 启动参数 desired_caps = {} # 设备信息 desired_caps[\'platformName\'] = \'Android\' desired_caps[\'platformVersion\'] = \'5.1\' desired_caps[\'deviceName\'] = \'192.168.56.101:5555\' # app的信息 desired_caps[\'appPackage\'] = \'com.android.settings\' desired_caps[\'appActivity\'] = \'.Settings\' # 解决输入中文 desired_caps[\'unicodeKeyboard\'] = True desired_caps[\'resetKeyboard\'] = True # 声明我们的driver对象 self.driver = webdriver.Remote(\'http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub\', desired_caps) def test_mobile_network_2g(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'更多\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'移动网络\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'首选网络类型\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'2G\')]").click() def test_mobile_network_3g(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'更多\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'移动网络\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'首选网络类型\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'3G\')]").click() def test_mobile_display_input(self): self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'显示\')]").click() self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.android.settings:id/search").click() self.driver.find_element_by_id("android:id/search_src_text").send_keys("hello") self.driver.find_element_by_class_name("android.widget.ImageButton").click() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()
实现设计模式后：
公共部分抽取在base文件夹
抽取前置配置：
base_driver.py
from appium import webdriver def Testbase(): # server 启动参数 desired_caps = {} desired_caps[\'platformName\'] = \'Android\' desired_caps[\'platformVersion\'] = \'5.1\' desired_caps[\'deviceName\'] = \'192.168.56.101:5555\' desired_caps[\'appPackage\'] = \'com.android.settings\' desired_caps[\'appActivity\'] = \'.Settings\' desired_caps[\'unicodeKeyboard\'] = True desired_caps[\'resetKeyboard\'] = True # 解决输入中文问题 desired_caps[\'unicodeKeyboard\'] = True desired_caps[\'resetKeyboard\'] = True # 声明driver对象 driver = webdriver.Remote(\'http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub\', desired_caps) return driver
抽取公共方法：
base_action.py
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait class BaseAction: def __init__(self, driver): self.driver = driver # 显示等待 def find_elements(self, loc, time=10, poll=1): return WebDriverWait(self.driver, time, poll).until(lambda x: x.find_element(loc[0], loc[1])) # 定义一个函数，取按钮的元素 def act_click(self,loc): return self.act_title(loc).click() # 定义一个函数，取输入框的元素 def act_text(self,loc,text): return self.act_title(loc).send_keys(text) def act_title(self, loc): by = loc[0] value = loc[1] return self.driver.find_element(by, value)
页面主体部分：
page
测试用例1：
display_page.py
from base.base_action import BaseAction from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By class DisplayPage(BaseAction): # 初始化方法 # 显示按钮 see_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'显示\')]" # 放大镜按钮 search_button = By.ID, "com.android.settings:id/search" # 放大镜旁边的输入文本 search_edit_text = By.ID, "android:id/search_src_text" # 返回按钮 back_button = By.CLASS_NAME, "android.widget.ImageButton" # # # 定义一个函数，取按钮的元素 # def act_click(self,loc): # return self.driver.find_element(loc[0],loc[1]).click() # # 定义一个函数，取输入框的元素 # def act_text(self,loc,text): # return self.driver.find_element(loc[0],loc[1]).send_keys(text) # def __init__(self, driver): # self.driver = driver # 点击显示 def click_see(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'显示\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.see_button).click() self.act_click(self.see_button) # 点击放大镜 def click_search(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_id("com.android.settings:id/search").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.search_button).click() self.act_click(self.search_button) # 输入文本 def input_text(self, text): # self.driver.find_element_by_id("android:id/search_src_text").send_keys(text) # self.driver.find_element(self.search_edit_text).send_keys(text) self.act_text(self.search_edit_text,text) # 点击返回 def click_back(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_class_name("android.widget.ImageButton").click() # self.driver.find_element(self.back_button).click() self.act_click(self.back_button)
测试用例2/3：
network_page.py
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By from base.base_action import BaseAction class NetworkPage(BaseAction): # 抽离元素 # 更多按钮 more_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'更多\')]" # 网络移动按钮 network_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'移动网络\')]" #首选网络类型按钮 first_network_button = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'首选网络类型\')]" # 2G选择按钮 button_2g = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'2G\')]" # 3G选择按钮 button_3g = By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'3G\')]" # 代码精简方式，提取公共元素 def click_more(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'更多\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'更多\')]").click() self.act_click(self.more_button) def click_network(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'移动网络\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'移动网络\')]").click() self.act_click(self.network_button) def click_first_network(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'首选网络类型\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'首选网络类型\')]").click() self.act_click(self.first_network_button) def mobile_network_2g(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'2G\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'2G\')]").click() self.act_click(self.button_2g) def mobile_network_3g(self): # self.driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[contains(@text,\'3G\')]").click() # self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(@text,\'2G\')]").click() self.act_click(self.button_3g)
测试用例1的脚本：
test_display.py
# 获取本地地址 import sys, os sys.path.append(os.getcwd()) from base.base_driver import Testbase from page.display_page import DisplayPage class TestDisplay: def setup(self): self.driver = Testbase() self.display_page = DisplayPage(self.driver) def test_mobile_display_input(self): # 点击显示 self.display_page.click_see() # 点击放大镜 self.display_page.click_search() # 文本输入 self.display_page.input_text("hello") # 点击返回 self.display_page.click_back() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()
测试用例2/3的脚本：
test_network.py
import os, sys sys.path.append(os.getcwd()) from page.network_page import NetworkPage from base.base_driver import Testbase class TestNetwork: def setup(self): self.driver = Testbase() self.network_page = NetworkPage(self.driver) self.network_page.click_more() self.network_page.click_network() self.network_page.click_first_network() def test_mobile_network_2g(self): self.network_page.mobile_network_2g() def test_mobile_network_3g(self): # self.network_page.click_more() # self.network_page.click_network() # self.network_page.click_first_network() self.network_page.mobile_network_3g() def teardown(self): self.driver.quit()
pytest框架的执行文件：
pytest.ini
注意：因为文件为ini格式，#不被识别为注释标识，请删掉注释部分
[pytest] #文件路径，和生成报告 addopts = -s --html=./report/report.html testpaths = ./scripts #执行的文件名 python_files = test_*.py #执行文件里面的类 python_classes = Test* #执行类中的那些方法 python_functions = test_*
以上是关于PO设计模式-实现移动端自动化测试的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章