第八章
Posted hanwei999
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- views：请求的其他信息
- 模板继承和引用
- 自定义函数(simple_tag & filter)
- 分页示例
- cookie
- CBV和FBV用户认证装饰器
1.views-请求的其他信息
1 from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest 2 3 request.environ 4 request.environ[‘HTTP_USER_AGENT‘]
2.模板继承和引用
1 urlpatterns = [ 2 #path(‘admin/‘, admin.site.urls), 3 url(r‘tp11‘,views.tp11), 4 url(r‘tp12‘,views.tp11), 5 url(r‘tp13‘,views.tp11), 6 7 ]
1 def tp11(request): 2 3 user_list = [1,2,3,] 4 5 return render(request,‘tp11.html‘,{‘u‘:user_list}) 6 7 8 def tp12(request): 9 name = ‘root‘ 10 11 return render(request, ‘tp12.html‘, {‘name‘: name}) 12 13 14 def tp13(request): 15 status = ‘已删除‘ 16 17 return render(request, ‘tp13.html‘, {‘status‘: status})
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>{% block title%} {% endblock %}</title> 6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/commcons.css" /> 7 <style> 8 .pg-header{ 9 height: 50px; 10 background-color: seashell; 11 color: green; 12 } 13 </style> 14 {% block css %} {% endblock %} 15 <body> 16 <div class="pg-header">潇韩海</div> 17 18 {% block content %} {% endblock %} 19 <div class="pg-header"></div> 20 <script src="/static/jquery-2.1.0.js"></script> 21 {% block js %} {% endblock %} 22 </body> 23 </html>
1 {% extends ‘master.html‘%} 2 3 {% block title %} 用户管理 {% endblock %} 4 5 {% block content %} 6 <ul> 7 {% for i in u %} 8 <li>{{ i }}</li> 9 {% endfor %} 10 </ul> 11 12 {% for i in u %} 13 {% include ‘tag.html‘ %} 14 {% endfor %} 15 {% endblock %} 16 17 {% block css %} 18 <style> 19 body{ 20 background-color: red; 21 } 22 </style> 23 {% endblock %} 24 25 {% block js %} 26 <script></script> 27 {% endblock %}
1 <form> 2 <input type="text"/> 3 <input type="submit" /> 4 </form>
3.自定义函数(simple_tag & filter)
simple_tag
a. app创建templatetags目录
b. 任意xxoo.py文件
c.创建template对象reqister
d.
@register.simple_tag
def func(a1,a2)
return "asasd"
e.settings中注册APP
f. 顶部{% load xxoo %}
g. {% 函数名 arg1 arg2%}
缺点：
参数任意
1 url(r‘tp14/‘,views.tp14),
1 __author__ = ‘Administrator‘ 2 from django import template 3 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 4 5 register = template.Library() 6 7 @register.simple_tag 8 def houyafan(a1,a2,): 9 return a1 + a2 10 11 @register.filter 12 def jiajingze(a1,a2): 13 return a1 + str(a2)
1 {% load xxoo %} 2 <!DOCTYPE html> 3 <html lang="en"> 4 <head> 5 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 6 <title></title> 7 </head> 8 <body> 9 {{ name }} 10 {{ name|lower }} 11 {{ name|truncatechars:"3" }} 12 13 {% houyafan 2 8 %} 14 15 {{ "maliya"|jiajingze:"LS,YH" }} 16 17 {% if "maliya"|jiajingze:"LS,YH" %} 18 {% endif %} 19 20 21 </body> 22 </html>
4.分页示例
1 url(r‘user_list/‘,views. user_list),
1 LISI = [] 2 for i in range(109): 3 LISI.append(i) 4 5 def user_list(request): 6 current_page = request.GET.get(‘p‘,1) 7 current_page = int(current_page) 8 start = (current_page-1) * 10 9 end = current_page * 10 10 data = LISI[start:end] 11 12 all_count = len(LISI) 13 count,y = divmod(all_count,10) 14 if y: 15 count += 1 16 17 page_list = [] 18 for i in range(1,count+1): 19 if i == current_page: 20 temp = ‘<a class="page active" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>‘ %(i,i) 21 else: 22 temp = ‘<a class="page" href="/user_list/?p=%s">%s</a>‘ %(i,i) 23 24 page_list.append(temp) 25 page_str = mark_safe("".join(page_list)) 26 return render(request,‘user_list.html‘, {‘li‘:data,‘page_str‘:page_str})
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 <style> 7 .pagination .page{ 8 display: inline-block; 9 padding: 5px; 10 background-color: cyan; 11 margin: 5px; 12 } 13 .pagination .page.active{ 14 background-color: brown; 15 color: white; 16 } 17 </style> 18 </head> 19 <body> 20 <ul> 21 {% for item in li %} 22 {% include ‘li.html‘ %} 23 {% endfor %} 24 </ul> 25 <div class="pagination"> 26 {{ page_str }} 27 </div> 28 </body> 29 </html>
1 <li>{{ item }}</li>
分页优化版
1 from django.shortcuts import render 2 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 3 from utils import pagination 4 LISI = [] 5 for i in range(500): 6 LISI.append(i) 7 8 def user_list(request): 9 current_page = request.GET.get(‘p‘,1) 10 current_page = int(current_page) 11 12 val = request.COOKIES.get(‘per_page_count‘,10) 13 val = int(val) 14 15 page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page,len(LISI),val) 16 17 data = LISI[page_obj.start:page_obj.end] 18 19 page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list") 20 21 return render(request,‘user_list.html‘, {‘li‘:data,‘page_str‘: page_str}) 22 23 ############################################################################### 24 from utils import pagination 25 26 LIST = [] 27 for i in range(500): 28 LIST.append(i) 29 30 def user_list(request): 31 current_page = request.GET.get(‘p‘, 1) 32 current_page = int(current_page) 33 34 val = request.COOKIES.get(‘per_page_count‘) 35 val = int(val) 36 page_obj = pagination.Page(current_page,len(LIST),val) 37 data = LIST[page_obj.start:page_obj.end] 38 39 page_str = page_obj.page_str("/user_list/") 40 41 return render(request,‘user_list.html‘, {‘li‘: data,‘page_str‘: page_str})
1 __author__ = ‘wei.han‘ 2 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 3 4 5 class Page: 6 def __init__(self, current_page, data_count, per_page_count=10, pager_num=7): 7 #用户点击值 8 self.current_page = current_page 9 #数据总数 10 self.data_count = data_count 11 #每页显示10条数据 12 self.per_page_count = per_page_count 13 #7页 14 self.pager_num = pager_num 15 16 #开始（显示居中） 17 @property 18 def start(self): 19 return (self.current_page - 1) * self.per_page_count 20 21 # 结束（显示居中） 22 @property 23 def end(self): 24 return self.current_page * self.per_page_count 25 26 #总页数 27 @property 28 def total_count(self): 29 v, y = divmod(self.data_count, self.per_page_count) 30 if y: 31 v += 1 32 return v 33 34 #url 35 def page_str(self, base_url): 36 page_list = [] 37 38 if self.total_count < self.pager_num: 39 start_index = 1 40 end_index = self.total_count + 1 41 else: 42 if self.current_page <= (self.pager_num + 1) / 2: 43 start_index = 1 44 end_index = self.pager_num + 1 45 else: 46 start_index = self.current_page - (self.pager_num - 1) / 2 47 end_index = self.current_page + (self.pager_num + 1) / 2 48 if (self.current_page + (self.pager_num - 1) / 2) > self.total_count: 49 end_index = self.total_count + 1 50 start_index = self.total_count - self.pager_num + 1 51 52 if self.current_page == 1: 53 prev = ‘<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">上一页</a>‘ 54 else: 55 prev = ‘<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">上一页</a>‘ % (base_url, self.current_page - 1,) 56 page_list.append(prev) 57 58 for i in range(int(start_index), int(end_index)): 59 if i == self.current_page: 60 temp = ‘<a class="page active" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>‘ % (base_url, i, i) 61 else: 62 temp = ‘<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">%s</a>‘ % (base_url, i, i) 63 page_list.append(temp) 64 65 if self.current_page == self.total_count: 66 nex = ‘<a class="page" href="javascript:void(0);">下一页</a>‘ 67 else: 68 nex = ‘<a class="page" href="%s?p=%s">下一页</a>‘ % (base_url, self.current_page + 1,) 69 page_list.append(nex) 70 71 jump = """ 72 <input type=‘text‘ /><a onclick=‘jumpTo(this, "%s?p=");‘>GO</a> 73 <script> 74 function jumpTo(ths,base){ 75 var val = ths.previousSibling.value; 76 location.href = base + val; 77 } 78 </script> 79 """ % (base_url,) 80 81 page_list.append(jump) 82 83 page_str = mark_safe("".join(page_list)) 84 85 return page_str
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title></title> 6 <style> 7 .pagination .page{ 8 display: inline-block; 9 padding: 5px; 10 background-color: cyan; 11 margin: 5px; 12 } 13 .pagination .page.active{ 14 background-color: brown; 15 color: white; 16 } 17 </style> 18 </head> 19 <body> 20 <ul> 21 {% for item in li %} 22 {% include ‘li.html‘ %} 23 {% endfor %} 24 </ul> 25 26 <div> 27 <select id="ps" onchange="changePageSize(this)"> 28 <option value="10">10</option> 29 <option value="15">30</option> 30 <option value="20">40</option> 31 <option value="30">50</option> 32 </select> 33 </div> 34 35 <div class="pagination"> 36 {{ page_str }} 37 </div> 38 39 <script src="/static/jquery-1.12.4.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 40 <script src="/static/jQuery-cookie.js" type="text/javascript"></script> 41 <script> 42 43 $(function() { 44 var v = $.cookie(‘per_page_count‘, {‘path‘: "/user_list/`"}); 45 $(‘#ps‘).val(v); 46 }); 47 48 function changePageSize(ss){ 49 var v = $(ss).val(); 50 console.log(v); 51 $.cookie(‘per_page_count‘,v,{‘path‘: "/user_list/"}); 52 53 location.reload(); 54 } 55 </script> 56 </body> 57 </html>
5.cookie
rep = HttpResponse(...) 或 rep ＝ render(request, ...)
rep.set_cookie(key,value,...)
rep.set_signed_cookie(key,value,salt=‘加密盐‘,...)
参数：
key, 键
value=‘‘, 值
max_age=None, 超时时间
expires=None, 超时时间(IE requires expires, so set it if hasn‘t been already.)
path=‘/‘, Cookie生效的路径，/ 表示根路径，特殊的：跟路径的cookie可以被任何url的页面访问
domain=None, Cookie生效的域名
secure=False, https传输
httponly=False 只能http协议传输，无法被JavaScript获取（不是绝对，底层抓包可以获取到也可以
设置cookie有限时间
request.COOKIES.get(‘username111‘) reqpone = render(request,‘index.html‘) 设置cookie，关闭浏览器后就失效 response.set_cookie(‘key‘,‘value‘) 设置cookie,10秒后失效 response.set_cookie(‘username111‘,‘value‘,max_age=10) return response 设置cookie,5秒后失效 import datetime current_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow() current_date = current_date + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5) res.set_cookie(‘username111‘,u,expires=current_date)
cookie加密
#request.COOKIES.get(‘...‘) #request.set_cookie(...) obj = HttpResponse(‘s‘) 加密 obj.set_signed_cookie(‘username‘,‘kanbazi‘,salt=‘jiamizifuchuan‘) 获取加密 request.get_signed_cookie(‘username‘,salt="jiamizifuchuan") return response
6.CBV和FBV用户认证装饰器
FBV
1 url(r‘index/‘,views.index),
1 from django.shortcuts import render,redirect 2 from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 3 4 user_info = { 5 ‘dachengzi‘: {‘pwd‘: "123"}, 6 ‘kanbazi‘: {‘pwd‘: "123"}, 7 } 8 9 10 def login(request): 11 if request.method == "GET": 12 return render(request, ‘login.html‘) 13 if request.method == "POST": 14 u = request.POST.get(‘username‘) 15 p = request.POST.get(‘pwd‘) 16 dic = user_info.get(u) 17 if not dic: 18 return render(request,‘login.html‘) 19 if dic[‘pwd‘] == p: 20 res = redirect(‘/index/‘) 21 res.set_cookie(‘username111‘,u) 22 return res 23 else: 24 return render(request,‘login.html‘) 25 26 27 def auth(func): 28 def inner(request,*arges,**kwargs): 29 v = request.COOKIES.get(‘username111‘) 30 if not v: 31 return redirect(‘/login/‘) 32 return func(request,*arges,**kwargs) 33 return inner 34 35 36 @auth 37 def index(request): 38 v = request.COOKIES.get(‘username111‘) 39 return render(request,‘index.html‘,{‘current_user‘: v})
CBV
1 from django import views 2 from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator 3 4 @method_decorator(auth,name=‘dispatch‘) 5 class Order(views.View): 6 7 # @method_decorator(auth) 8 # def dispatch(self,request, *args,**kwargs): 9 # return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) 10 11 # @method_decorator(auth) 12 def get(self,request): 13 v = request.COOKIES.get(‘username111‘) 14 return render(request,‘index.html‘,{‘current_user‘: v}) 15 16 def post(self,request): 17 v = request.COOKIES.get(‘username111‘) 18 return render(request,‘index.html‘,{‘current_user‘: v})
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <form action="/login/" method="POST"> 9 <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="用户名"/> 10 <input type="password" name="pwd" placeholder="密码"/> 11 <input type="submit"/> 12 </form> 13 </body> 14 </html>
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html lang="en"> 3 <head> 4 <meta charset="UTF-8"> 5 <title>Title</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <h1>欢迎登录：{{ current_user }}</h1> 9 </body> 10 </html>
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