用html页面模板使用django完成个人博客

Posted er先森

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1、进入虚拟环境: workon 虚拟环境名

 

2、找到我们的项目管理文件夹django,进入创建项目django-admin startproject blog

3、进入到我们的项目文件夹当中,创建我们的第一个应用 python manage.py startapp user  用于用户管理

                 创建我们的第二个应用python manage.py startapp articles 用于文章管理

 

4、使用pycharm打开创建的项目blog,在pycharm当中设置项目的虚拟环境

5、由于我们在创建项目的过程中会遇到两个或者以上的应用,为了便于管理,我们一般创建一个新的文件夹(apps)用于管理所有的应用:

6、然后将apps设置成为根目录:

7、将应用拖入apps中:

8、设置settings

"""
Django settings for blog project.

Generated by \'django-admin startproject\' using Django 1.8.2.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/
"""

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
import os,sys

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
sys.path.insert(0,\'apps\')  #目的是将文件夹apps设置为根目录

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = \'i)hua049@1k6g-mf=b%h3-g8ma&#$i#*al8zu%gg!z-l8o_rz2\'

# SECURITY WARNING: don\'t run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True # True为调试模式,Fasle为生产模式

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition
#里面写入应用名称
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    \'django.contrib.admin\',
    \'django.contrib.auth\',
    \'django.contrib.contenttypes\',
    \'django.contrib.sessions\',
    \'django.contrib.messages\',
    \'django.contrib.staticfiles\',
    \'users\',
    \'articles\', 

)

AUTH_USER_MODEL = \'users.UserProfile\'  
#中间键设置,一般默认的就行了
MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    \'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware\',
    \'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware\',
    \'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware\',
    \'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware\',
    \'django.contrib.auth.middleware.SessionAuthenticationMiddleware\',
    \'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware\',
    \'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware\',
    \'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware\',
    \'mymiddlewears.HandlerRequestMiddleWare\'
)

ROOT_URLCONF = \'blog.urls\'
#设置静态文件配置,一般会创建一个templates文件夹用于存放静态文件
TEMPLATES = [
    {
        \'BACKEND\': \'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates\',
        \'DIRS\': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,\'templates\')],
        \'APP_DIRS\': True,
        \'OPTIONS\': {
            \'context_processors\': [
                \'django.template.context_processors.debug\',
                \'django.template.context_processors.request\',
                \'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth\',
                \'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages\',
                \'django.template.context_processors.media\',#用于图片的处理
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = \'blog.wsgi.application\'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    \'default\': {
        \'ENGINE\': \'django.db.backends.mysql\', #处理器使用的数据库,这里是mysql
        \'NAME\': \'blog\', #mysql数据库名字
        \'USER\': \'root\', #mysql数据库用户
        \'PASSWORD\': \'root\',#密码
        \'HOST\': \'localhost\',
        \'PORT\': \'3306\',
    }
}


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/i18n/
#
# 编码显示配置
LANGUAGE_CODE = \'zh-CN\'

TIME_ZONE = \'Asia/Shanghai\'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False


# Static files (CSS, javascript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = \'/static/\'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,\'static\')
]

#配置媒体文件夹
MEDIA_URL = \'/static/media/\'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,\'static/media\')

 

9、再到mysql数据库里创建数据库blog。

10、blog中urls代码:

"""blog URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^$\', views.home, name=\'home\')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^$\', Home.as_view(), name=\'home\')
Including another URLconf
    1. Add an import:  from blog import urls as blog_urls
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^blog/\', include(blog_urls))
"""
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.views.static import serve
from users.views import index
from blog.settings import MEDIA_ROOT
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', include(admin.site.urls)),
    url(r\'^users/\',include(\'users.urls\',namespace=\'users\')),
    url(r\'^articles/\',include(\'articles.urls\',namespace=\'articles\')),
    url(r\'^$\',index,name=\'index\'),
    url(r\'^static/media/(?P<path>.*)\',serve,{\'document_root\':MEDIA_ROOT})
]

 

11、user 中forms.py中代码:

from django import forms


class UserRegistForm(forms.Form):
    username=forms.CharField(max_length=20,min_length=6,required=True,error_messages={
        \'max_length\':\'用户名最大长度为20\',
        \'min_length\':\'用户名最小长度为6\',
        \'required\':\'用户名为必填\'
    })
    email=forms.EmailField(max_length=100,min_length=8,required=False,error_messages={
        \'invalid\':\'邮箱格式为:xxx@xx.com\'
    })
    url=forms.URLField(max_length=100,min_length=8,required=False,error_messages={
        \'invalid\':\'网址格式为:http://www.xxx.com\'
    })
    password=forms.CharField(max_length=20,min_length=8,required=True,error_messages={
        \'max_length\':\'密码最大长度为20\',
        \'min_length\':\'密码名最小长度为8\',
        \'required\':\'密码为必填\'
    })
    password1=forms.CharField(max_length=20,min_length=8,required=True,error_messages={
        \'max_length\':\'密码最大长度为20\',
        \'min_length\':\'密码名最小长度为8\',
        \'required\':\'密码为必填\'
    })
class UserloginForm(forms.Form):
    username=forms.CharField(max_length=20,min_length=6,required=True)
    password=forms.CharField(max_length=20,min_length=8,required=True)

 12、user 中models.py中代码:

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from datetime import datetime
# Create your models here.
class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
    nick_name=models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name=\'用户昵称\',null=True,blank=True)
    url=models.URLField(max_length=100,verbose_name=\'用户主页\',null=True,blank=True)
    add_time=models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name=\'添加时间\')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.username

    class Meta:
        verbose_name=\'用户信息\'
        verbose_name_plural=verbose_name

 完成后 注意生成迁移文件命令:python3 manage.py makemigrations

 执行sql语句生成数据表命令:python3 manage.py migrate

13、user 中urls.py中代码: 

"""blog URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.8/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^$\', views.home, name=\'home\')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^$\', Home.as_view(), name=\'home\')
Including another URLconf
    1. Add an import:  from blog import urls as blog_urls
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r\'^blog/\', include(blog_urls))
"""
from django.conf.urls import include, url
from .views import user_regist,user_login,user_logout
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^user_regist/$\',user_regist,name=\'user_regist\'),
    url(r\'^user_login/$\',user_login,name=\'user_login\'),
    url(r\'^user_logout/$\',user_logout,name=\'user_logout\'),

]

14、user 中views.py中代码: 

 

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from .forms import UserRegisterForm,UserLoginForm
from .models import UserProfile
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,logout,login
from articles.models import ArticleInfo,TagInfo
# Create your views here.
from django.core.paginator import Paginator,PageNotAnInteger,EmptyPage
def index(request):
    all_articles = ArticleInfo.objects.all()
    #在django内部orm模型查询集上可以支持排序和切片,但是切片不能是负索引
    #浏览排行

    date_time = all_articles.datetimes(\'add_time\',\'day\',order=\'DESC\')

    click_sort = all_articles.order_by(\'-click_num\')[:6]
    #站长推荐
    pro_arts = all_articles.order_by(\'-add_time\')[:6]

    all_tags = TagInfo.objects.all()

    year = request.GET.get(\'year\',\'\')
    month = request.GET.get(\'month\',\'\')
    day = request.GET.get(\'day\',\'\')

    tagid = request.GET.get(\'tagid\', \'\')

    if year and month and day:
        all_articles = all_articles.filter(add_time__year=year,add_time__month=month,add_time__day=day)
        all_articles_set = set(all_articles)

    if tagid:
        tag = TagInfo.objects.filter(id=int(tagid))[0]
        all_articles = tag.article.all()
        all_articles_set1 = set(all_articles)
            # all_articles = [article for article in all_tag_articles if article in all_articles]
    try:
        a = list(all_articles_set & all_articles_set1)
        if a:
            all_articles = a
    except:
        pass

    pa = Paginator(all_articles,2)
    pagenum = request.GET.get(\'pagenum\',1)
    try:
        pages = pa.page(pagenum)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        pages = pa.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        pages = pa.page(pa.num_pages)

    return render(request,\'index.html\',{
        # \'all_articles\':all_articles
        \'pages\':pages,
        \'click_sort\':click_sort,
        \'pro_arts\':pro_arts,
        \'all_tags\':all_tags,
        \'tagid\':tagid,
        \'date_time\':date_time,
        \'year\':year,
        \'month\':month,
        \'day\':day
    })

def user_register(request):
    if request.method == \'GET\':
        return render(request,\'reg.html\')
    else:
        #实例化form类,用来验证用户提交的数据
       user_register_form =  UserRegisterForm(request.POST)
        #一个判断方法:判断这个form验证是否通过(合法),如果合法返回True,不合法返回False
       if user_register_form.is_valid():
           #如果验证合法,那么会把合法的干净的数据存储在form对象的一个属性cleaned_data
           #当中,这个属性是一个字典,我们可以这样去拿干净的数据
           username = user_register_form.cleaned_data[\'username\']
           email = user_register_form.cleaned_data[\'email\']
           url = user_register_form.cleaned_data[\'url\']
           password = user_register_form.cleaned_data[\'password\']
           password1 = user_register_form.cleaned_data[\'password1\']

           user = UserProfile.objects.filter(username=username)
           if user:
               return render(request,\'reg.html\',{
                   \'msg\':\'帐号已经存在\'
               })
           else:
               if password == password1:
                   a = UserProfile()
                   a.username =username
                   a.email = email
                   a.url = url
                   a.password = password
                   a.set_password(password)
                   a.save()
                   return redirect(reverse(\'users:user_login\'))
               else:
                   return render(request, \'reg.html\', {
                       \'msg\': \'密码不一致\'
                   })
       else:
           return render(request, \'reg.html\', {
                       \'user_register_form\': user_register_form
                   })


def user_login(request):
    if request.method == \'GET\':
        return render(request,\'login.html\')
    else:
        user_login_form = UserLoginForm(request.POST)
        if user_login_form.is_valid():
            username = user_login_form.cleaned_data[\'username\']
            password = user_login_form.cleaned_data[\'password\']

            user = authenticate(username = username,password = password)
            if user:
                login(request,user)
                return redirect(reverse(\'index\'))
            else:
                return render(request,\'login.html\',{
                    \'msg\':\'用户名或者密码错误\'
                })
        else:
            return render(request, \'login.html\', {
                \'user_login_form\': user_login_form
            })

def user_logout(request):
    logout(request)
    return redirect(reverse(\'index\'))

15、articles 中admin.py中代码: 

from django.contrib import admin

from .models import ArticleInfo,Category,TagInfo,CommentInfo
# Register your models here.


# Create your models here.
class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [\'name\',\'add_time\']
    fields = [\'name\',\'add_time\']



class ArticleInfoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [\'title\', \'author\',\'desc\',\'content\',\'is_delete\',\'click_num\',\'love_num\',\'image\',\'add_time\',\'category\']
    fields = [\'title\', \'author\',\'desc\',\'content\',\'is_delete\',\'click_num\',\'love_num\',\'image\',\'add_time\',\'category\']



class TagInfoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [\'name\', \'add_time\']
    fields = [\'name\', \'add_time\',\'article\']
    filter_horizontal = [\'article\']



class CommentInfoAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = [\'comment_man\', \'add_time\',\'comment_art\',\'comment_content\',\'is_delete\']
    fields = [\'comment_man\', \'add_time\',\'comment_art\',\'comment_content\',\'is_delete\']

admin.site.register(Category,CategoryAdmin)
admin.site.register(ArticleInfo,ArticleInfoAdmin)
admin.site.register(TagInfo,TagInfoAdmin)
admin.site.register(CommentInfo,CommentInfoAdmin)

16、articles 中models.py中代码:

from django.db import models
from datetime import datetime
from users.models import UserProfile
# Create your models here.
class Category(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name="文章类别")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now,verbose_name="添加时间")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "类别信息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class ArticleInfo(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=50,verbose_name="文章标题")
    author = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile,verbose_name=\'文章作者\')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category,verbose_name="所属类别",null=True,blank=True)
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=200,verbose_name="文章摘要")
    content = models.TextField(verbose_name="文章内容")
    is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False,verbose_name="是否删除")
    click_num = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name="浏览量")
    love_num = models.IntegerField(default=0,verbose_name="点赞数")
    image = models.ImageField(max_length=200,verbose_name="文章图片",upload_to=\'article/%y/%m/%d\')
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name="添加时间")

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = \'文章信息\'
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

class TagInfo(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20,verbose_name=\'以上是关于用html页面模板使用django完成个人博客的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章

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