IPFS初探

Posted 2020-11-03 BuguTian

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背景：听说IPFS=bittorrent+bitcoin+git+afs，有可能取代http，好像厉害的不行，所以要研究一下。

编译参考：https://github.com/ipfs/go-ipfs 结果各种墙都翻好了，一切基础设施都到位了，还是没编译成功shit(最后还是编过了)。

退而求其次，直接用官方提供的先试验一下吧。

下载地址：https://ipfs.io/docs/install/

1.上传安装

下载相应的版本，我下载的是：go-ipfs_v0.4.14_linux-amd64.tar.gz，上传到服务器，解压。

someone@ipfs:~$ tar -zxvf go-ipfs_v0.4.14_linux-amd64.tar.gz
someone@ipfs:~$ cd go-ipfs/
someone@ipfs:~$ ./install.sh
someone@ipfs:~/package/go-ipfs$ ipfs

显示的结果如下:

USAGE
  ipfs - Global p2p merkle-dag filesystem.

  ipfs [--config=<config> | -c] [--debug=<debug> | -D] [--help=<help>] [-h=<h>] [--local=<local> | -L] [--api=<api>] <command> ...

SUBCOMMANDS
  BASIC COMMANDS
    init          Initialize ipfs local configuration
    add <path>    Add a file to IPFS
    cat <ref>     Show IPFS object data
    get <ref>     Download IPFS objects
    ls <ref>      List links from an object
    refs <ref>    List hashes of links from an object
  
  DATA STRUCTURE COMMANDS
    block         Interact with raw blocks in the datastore
    object        Interact with raw dag nodes
    files         Interact with objects as if they were a unix filesystem
    dag           Interact with IPLD documents (experimental)
  
  ADVANCED COMMANDS
    daemon        Start a long-running daemon process
    mount         Mount an IPFS read-only mountpoint
    resolve       Resolve any type of name
    name          Publish and resolve IPNS names
    key           Create and list IPNS name keypairs
    dns           Resolve DNS links
    pin           Pin objects to local storage
    repo          Manipulate the IPFS repository
    stats         Various operational stats
    p2p           Libp2p stream mounting
    filestore     Manage the filestore (experimental)
  
  NETWORK COMMANDS
    id            Show info about IPFS peers
    bootstrap     Add or remove bootstrap peers
    swarm         Manage connections to the p2p network
    dht           Query the DHT for values or peers
    ping          Measure the latency of a connection
    diag          Print diagnostics
  
  TOOL COMMANDS
    config        Manage configuration
    version       Show ipfs version information
    update        Download and apply go-ipfs updates
    commands      List all available commands
  
  Use \'ipfs <command> --help\' to learn more about each command.
  
  ipfs uses a repository in the local file system. By default, the repo is
  located at ~/.ipfs. To change the repo location, set the $IPFS_PATH
  environment variable:
  
    export IPFS_PATH=/path/to/ipfsrepo
  
  EXIT STATUS
  
  The CLI will exit with one of the following values:
  
  0     Successful execution.
  1     Failed executions.

View Code

　2. 初始化

someone@ipfs:~$ mkdir -p /ipfs/ /*很明显，根本不用执行这个命令，下面的/ipfs也不是指本地文件系统的/ipfs.*/
someone@ipfs:~$ ipfs init
initializing IPFS node at /home/someone/.ipfs
generating 2048-bit RSA keypair...done
peer identity: QmSuUJKAfxYamzekBT2ePfyypyTXP3DgEsGKPxiedUneGh
to get started, enter:

	ipfs cat /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/readme

someone@ipfs:~/.ipfs$ ipfs cat /ipfs/QmS4ustL54uo8FzR9455qaxZwuMiUhyvMcX9Ba8nUH4uVv/readme

　显示结果如下：

#这条命令只是查看行不行，其实没有别的作用
Hello and Welcome to IPFS!

██╗██████╗ ███████╗███████╗
██║██╔══██╗██╔════╝██╔════╝
██║██████╔╝█████╗  ███████╗
██║██╔═══╝ ██╔══╝  ╚════██║
██║██║     ██║     ███████║
╚═╝╚═╝     ╚═╝     ╚══════╝

If you\'re seeing this, you have successfully installed
IPFS and are now interfacing with the ipfs merkledag!

 -------------------------------------------------------
| Warning:                                              |
|   This is alpha software. Use at your own discretion! |
|   Much is missing or lacking polish. There are bugs.  |
|   Not yet secure. Read the security notes for more.   |
 -------------------------------------------------------

Check out some of the other files in this directory:

  ./about
  ./help
  ./quick-start     <-- usage examples
  ./readme          <-- this file
  ./security-notes

View Code

至此，所有的ipfs的内容都在 ~/.ipfs目录下了

someone@ipfs:~/.ipfs$ ls
api  blocks  config  datastore  datastore_spec  keystore  repo.lock  version

　3. 修改配置文件

可以使用如下命令

someone@ipfs:export EDITOR=/usr/bin/vim
someone@ipfs:ipfs config edit

查看节点ID

someone@ipfs:~$ ipfs id
{
	"ID": "QmSuUJKAfxYamzekBT2ePfyypyTXP3DgEsGKPxiedUneGh",
	"PublicKey": "CAASpgIwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDBTEUgY8FCDbZeV8+h1XdRivlUVRlVlNmwr0oFP1ceoBnbMXP5IJ9GSXXLVVwl4IPwFBEscMo1wo6NRz3oMDeQWEgi9x5wuEOYvlNUAzVbwFWb77AmW10oZpGz7oo45Fd37/jdU+6JcDKPc4o5sR9pJo8PddP3g7rphF7nHncf3vh4vNeCsu0DylxPh6CGHf6+8c50Vjl9iAwBZ9zES+QYT4kYHF3icX63p2B8B5C+7ZC9ISfD4ZiKTYBHDob/XLQc7g7gdEbGuxmXJE/iFzju2PoEe+Ob1QXCAabWq80F/oxCAdX+wLisgHE6FbeYp5RV7IRi7s3L3xpFnQPukswtAgMBAAE=",
	"Addresses": null,
	"AgentVersion": "go-ipfs/0.4.14/",
	"ProtocolVersion": "ipfs/0.1.0"
}

跨域资源共享CORS配置

someone@ipfs:~$ ipfs config --json API.HTTPHeaders.Access-Control-Allow-Methods \'["PUT", "GET", "POST", "OPTIONS"]\'
someone@ipfs:~$ ipfs config --json API.HTTPHeaders.Access-Control-Allow-Origin \'["*"]\'

4. 启动服务器

someone@ipfs:~/.ipfs$ ipfs daemon
Initializing daemon...
Successfully raised file descriptor limit to 2048.
Swarm listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001
Swarm listening on /ip4/192.168.15.129/tcp/4001
Swarm listening on /ip6/::1/tcp/4001
Swarm listening on /p2p-circuit/ipfs/QmSuUJKAfxYamzekBT2ePfyypyTXP3DgEsGKPxiedUneGh
Swarm announcing /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/4001
Swarm announcing /ip4/192.168.15.129/tcp/4001
Swarm announcing /ip6/::1/tcp/4001
API server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/5001
Gateway (readonly) server listening on /ip4/127.0.0.1/tcp/8080
Daemon is ready

启动成功后就可以，查看UI界面了:

http://127.0.0.1:5001/webui

结果如下：

5. 编译失败后调试成功

按步骤编译，墙也是翻好的，每次都卡在类似的地方：

someone@ipfs:~$ make install
....
[get ] [fetch]   go-libp2p-crypto         QmaPbCnUMBohSGo3KnxEa2bHqyJVVeEEcwtqJAYxerieBo
[0 / 202] 392sERROR: [2 / 101 ] parallel fetch: failed to fetch package: QmRb5jh8z2E8hMGN2tkvs1yHynUanqnZ3UeKwgN1i9P1F8: Post https://ipfs.io/api/v0/get?arg=QmRb5jh8z2E8hMGN2txxxx1yHynUanqnZ3UeKwgN1i9P1F8&encoding=json&stream-channels=true: dial tcp 173.252.100.32:443: getsockopt: connection timed out
[0 / 202] 442s^Cmk/gx.mk:4: recipe for target \'gx-deps\' failed

https再开一个终端，wget都可以访问。使用"make install_unsupported"也没卵用，然后再次"make install"还是不行。

结果，第二天，安装完官方的ipfs并启动后，再make install 源码，结果，编译通过了，难道这个编译是看天气的吗？

猜测编译可能和以下操作有关：