电商网站商品管理
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1、document数据格式面向文档的搜索分析引擎
(1)应用系统的数据结构都是面向对象的
(2)对象数据存储到数据库中，只能拆解，变为多张表，查询的时候还要还原为对象格式
(3)ES是面向文档的，与面向对象的数据结构一样，基于文档的数据结构，es可以提供复杂的索引、全文检索、分析聚合等功能
{
"email":"[email protected]",
"first_name":"san",
"last_name":"zhang",
"info"{
"bio":"curison and modest",
"age":30,
"interests":["bike","climb"]
},
"join_date":"2017-01-01"
}2、电商网站商品管理案例背景介绍
(1) 对商品信息进行CRUD（增删改查）
(2)执行简单的结构化查询
(3)可以执行简单的全文检索，以及复杂的phrase(短语)检索
(4)对于全文检索的结构，可以进行高亮显示
(5)对数据进行简单的聚合分析
3、简单的集群管理
(1)快速检查集群的健康状况
get _cat/health?v
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1525610669 20:44:29 elasticsearch green 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
如何快速了解集群的健康状况？green、yellow、red?
green:每个索引的primary shared和replica shared都是active状态的
yellow:每个索引的primary shared都是active的，部分replica shared不是active
red:不是索引的primary shared都是active的，部分索引数据丢失的
(2)快速查看集群中有哪些索引？
get _cat/indices?v
(3)简单的索引操作
创建索引：PUT /test_index?pretty
删除索引：delete /test_index?pretty
4、商品的CRUD操作
(1)新增商品：新建文档、建立索引
PUT /index/type/id
PUT /ecommerce/product/1
{ "name":"gaolujie yagao",
"desc":"gaoxiao meibai",
"price":30,
"producer":"gaolujie producer",
"tags":["meibai","fangzhu"]
}
PUT /ecommerce/product/2
{ "name":"jiajieshi yagao",
"desc":"gaoxiao fangzhu",
"price":25,
"producer":"jiajieshi producer",
"tags":["fangzhu"]
}
PUT /ecommerce/product/3
{ "name":"zhonghua yagao",
"desc":"caoben zhiwu",
"price":40,
"producer":"zhonghua producer",
"tags":["qingxin"]
}返回结果：
{
"_index": "ecommerce",
"_type": "product",
"_id": "3",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}ES会自动建立index和type，不需要提前创建，而且ES默认会对document每个field都建立倒排索引，让其可以被搜索
(2)查询商品，检索文档
GET /index/type/id
GET /ecommerce/product/2
(3)修改商品，替换文档
PUT /ecommerce/product/1
{ "name":"jiaqiangban gaolujie yagao",
"desc":"gaoxiao meibai",
"price":30,
"producer":"gaolujie producer"
"tags":["meibai","fangzhu"]
}替换方式有一个不好的地方，必须带上所有的field，才能去进行信息修改，否则会丢失数据
(4)修改商品，更新文档
POST /ecommerce/product/1/_update
{
"doc":{
"name":"jiaqiangban gaolujie yagao"
}
}(5)删除文档
delete /ecommerce/product/1?pretty
二、ES的查询语法
1、query string search
GET /ecommerce/product/_search GET /ecommerce/product/_search?q=name:yagao&sort=price:desc
{
"took": 54, 耗费的毫秒数
"timed_out": false, 是否超时
"_shards": {
"total": 5, 数据被拆成5个分片
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
hits": {
"total": 3, 查询结果的数量，3个document
"max_score": 1,search的相关度，越相关，就越匹配，分数就越高
"hits"：包含了搜索的document的详细数据2、query DSl 特定领域的语言
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query":{"match_all": {}}
}
查询名称包含yagao的商品，同时按照价格降序排序
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query":{"match": {"name": "yagao"}}
,
"sort": [
{"price": "desc"}
]
}分页查询
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query":{"match_all": {}},
"from": 1,
"size":1
}指定要查询商品的名称和价格就可以了
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query":{"match_all": {}},
"_source": ["name","price"]
}
query filter
搜索商品名称包含牙膏，而且售价大于25元的商品
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}}
],"filter": {"range": {
"price": {
"gte": 30
}
}}
}
}
}full-text search
PUT /ecommerce/product/4
{ "name":"special yagao",
"desc":"special meibai",
"price":50,
"producer":"special yagao producer",
"tags":["meibai"]
}GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {"match": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}}
}phrase search
跟全文索引相对应，全文索引会将输入的搜索串拆解开来，去倒排索引里面一一匹配，只要匹配上任意一个拆解后的单词，就可以作为结果返回，phrase search要求输入的搜索串，必须在指定的字段文本中，完全包含一模一样的，才算匹配
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {"match_phrase": {
"producer": "yagao producer"
}}
}highlight search
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"query": {"match": {
"producer": "producer"
}},
"highlight": {"fields": {
"producer": {}
}}
}三、使用restful api做简单的聚合计算
计算每个tag下的商品数量
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags"
}
}
}
}将文本field的fieldata属性设置为TRUE
put /ecommerce/_mapping/product
{
"properties":{
"tags":{
"type":"text",
"fielddata":true
}
}
}GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"size":0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags"
}
}
}
}对名称中包含yagao的商品，计算每个tag下的商品数量
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"size":0,
"query": {"match": {
"name": "yagao"
}},
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags"
}
}
}
}先分组，在算每组的平均值，计算每个tag下的商品的平均价格
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"size":0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags"
},
"aggs": {
"avg_price": {
"avg": {
"field": "price"
}
}
}
}
}
}计算每个tag下的商品的平均价格，并降序排序
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"size":0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags",
"order": {
"avg_price": "desc"
}
},
"aggs": {
"avg_price": {
"avg": {
"field": "price"
}
}
}
}
}
}按照指定的价格范围区间进行分组，然后在每组内再安装tag进行分组，最后在计算每组的平均价格
GET /ecommerce/product/_search
{
"size":0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_price": {
"range": {
"field": "price",
"ranges": [{
"from": "0",
"to":20
},
{
"from": "20",
"to":40
},
{
"from": "40",
"to":60
}
]
},
"aggs": {
"group_by_tags": {
"terms": {
"field": "tags"
},
"aggs": {
"avg_price": {
"avg": {
"field": "price"
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
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