lnmp平台搭设

Posted 2020-11-01

软件链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/14gAZ67iXWhEdzvEXMiGfVg 提取码：ai1s

只是在一台服务器上搭设，为centos7.2环境

安装步骤：

安装编译工具及库文件

# yum -y install make apr* autoconf automake curl-devel gcc gcc-c++  openssl openssl-devel gd kernel keyutils 
patch perl kernel-headers compat* mpfr cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel keyutils-libs-devel libcom_err-devel 
libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel zlib-devel libXpm* freetype libjpeg* libpng*  libtool* libxml2 
libxml2-devel patch libcurl-devel bzip2-devel freetype-devel

因为centos7.2默认安装了mariadb-libs，所以先要卸载掉

#rpm -qa | grep mariadb
rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs

注： 相关依赖包的作用

cmake：由于从mysql5.5版本开始弃用了常规的configure编译方法，所以需要CMake编译器，用于设置mysql的编译参数。如：安装目录、数据存放目录、字符编码、排序规则等。

Boost #从MySQL 5.7.5开始Boost库是必需的，mysql源码中用到了C++的Boost库，要求必须安装boost1.59.0或以上版本

GCC是Linux下的C语言编译工具，mysql源码编译完全由C和C++编写，要求必须安装GCC

bison：Linux下C/C++语法分析器

ncurses：字符终端处理库

# tar -xvf cmake-3.5.2.tar.gz
# cd cmake-3.5.2/
# ./bootstrap && gmake && gmake install

注意：cmake –version ---查看cmake版本

对ncurses-5.9.tar.gz包的操作

# tar -xvf ncurses-5.9.tar.gz 
# cd ncurses-5.9/
# ./configure && make && make install 

对bison-3.0.4.tar.gz包的操作

# tar -xvf bison-3.0.4.tar.gz
# cd bison-3.0.4/
# ./configure && make && make install

　对boost_1_59_0.tar.gz的操作

# tar -xvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
# mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost

创建mysql用户和用户组及目录

# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql

创建mysql安装目录

#mkdir /usr/local/mysql        ---创建目录
#mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data    ---数据库目录

编译安装mysql

# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.14.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.7.14/
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql  [MySQL安装的根目录]
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql /data   [MySQL数据库文件存放目录]
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc  [MySQL配置文件所在目录]
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  [添加MYISAM引擎支持]
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 [添加InnoDB引擎支持]
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1   [添加ARCHIVE引擎支持]
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock  [指定mysql.sock位置]
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1   [安装支持数据库分区]
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all   [使MySQL支持所有的扩展字符]
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8   [设置MySQL的默认字符集为utf8]
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci   [设置默认字符集校对规则]
-DWITH-SYSTEMD=1  [可以使用systemd控制mysql服务]
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost   [指向boost库所在目录]
注2：为了加快编译速度可以按下面的方式编译安装　

# make -j $(grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc –l) && make install 

-j参数表示根据CPU核数指定编译时的线程数，可以加快编译速度。默认为1个线程编译。

注3：若要重新运行cmake配置，需要删除CMakeCache.txt文件，如果服务器硬件不行，只能使用 make && make install 去编译，我测试过，服务器会报make内部错误，其实就是资源不够用了，这里切记

# make clean
# rm -rf CMakeCache.txt

优化Mysql的执行路径

# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

# source /etc/profile

设置权限并初始化MySQL系统授权表

# cd /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql .
# bin/mysqld --initialize--user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data  

注1：以root初始化操作时要加--user=mysql参数，生成一个随机密码（注意保存登录时用）

注2：MySQL 5.7.6之前的版本执行这个脚本初始化系统数据库

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 5.7.6之后版本初始系统数据库脚本（本文使用此方式初始化）
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

但是很少一次就能完成的，这是我在初始化时出现的错误，大家可以参考下

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2018-04-26T08:18:26.037908Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-04-26T08:18:26.039282Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2018-04-26T08:18:26.039315Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

[[email protected] mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2018-04-26T08:19:26.814450Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-04-26T08:19:26.816048Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2018-04-26T08:19:26.816082Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

我上完查了一下，说是/初始化data目录下有数据文件被终止，于是我就把文件/data/下面的文件移动到了别处，再次初始化的

# mv ./* /data/
# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2018-04-26T08:20:48.352191Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-04-26T08:20:48.633613Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-04-26T08:20:48.674899Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-04-26T08:20:48.746230Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b9ae4c35-492a-11e8-9783-000c29b38466.
2018-04-26T08:20:48.748467Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
2018-04-26T08:20:48.750974Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for [email protected]: mZxo(zeof8Z.

注意：如果使用–initialize参数初始化系统数据库之后，会生成root用户的一个临时密码“mZxo(zeof8Z".

修改文件中配置选项，如下所示，添加如下配置项.

# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# vim /etc/my.cnf
 basedir = /usr/local/mysql
 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
 port = 3306
 server_id = 1
 socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
 log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.err

　配置mysql自动启动

# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
# systemctl start mysqld

启动数据库

[[email protected] share]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.14

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
退出重新设置密码

#  mysqladmin  -uroot -p password ‘123456‘
Enter password: 此处输入原来的密码
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
安装nginx

解压zlib和pcre，不需要编译

# tar -xvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
# tar -xvf pcre-8.39.tar.gz

创建用户www，作为启用服务时的程序用户

# groupadd www
# useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin

解压源码包，编译安装，并启动

# tar -xvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.10.2/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx1.10 --with-http_dav_module --with-http_stub_status_module 
--with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module  --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module 
--with-pcre=/data/src/pcre-8.39 --with-zlib=/data/src/zlib-1.2.8 --with-http_ssl_module 
--with-http_gzip_static_module --user=www --group=www
# make && make install
# ln -s /usr/local/nginx1.10/sbin/nginx  /usr/local/sbin/
# nginx
# ps -ef |grep nginx
root      73290      1  0 17:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx
www       73291  73290  0 17:25 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root      73293   2142  0 17:25 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

　本地测试即可，也可在浏览器上测试，不过要关闭防火墙或者放行80端口。

# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

　浏览器上访问

安装php

# tar -xvf libmcrypt-2.5.7.tar.gz
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.7/
# ./configure && make && make install

创建链接库文件

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.20.3.1 /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient_r.so

安装php模块

# tar -xvf php-5.6.27.tar.gz
# cd php-5.6.27/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5.6 --with-config-file-path=/etc  --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql 
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock 
--with-gd --with-iconv --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-mhash --with-mcrypt 
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-zlib --with-freetype-dir --with-png-dir 
--with-jpeg-dir --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization
 --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl 
--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext 
--enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl 
# make&& make install
# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini　

编辑配置文件/etc/php.ini ，修改后的内容如下：

date.timezone = PRC  //设置时区
expose_php = Off  //禁止显示php版本的信息
short_open_tag = On  //支持php短标签
post_max_size = 16M    //上传文件大小
max_execution_time = 300  //php脚本最大执行时间
max_input_time = 300  //以秒为单位对通过POST、GET以及PUT方式接收数据时间进行限制
always_populate_raw_post_data = -1
mbstring.func_overload = 0

创建php-fpm服务启动脚本：

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm 
# chkconfig --add php-fpm
# chkconfig php-fpm on

提供php-fpm配置文件并编辑：

# cp /usr/local/php5.6/etc/php-fpm.conf.default  /usr/local/php5.6/etc/php-fpm.conf
# vim /usr/local/php5.6/etc/php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = www
group = www
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
pm.max_children = 300
pm.start_servers = 10
pm.min_spare_servers = 10
pm.max_spare_servers = 10　
启动php-fpm服务

# systemctl start php-fpm
# ps -ef |grep php-fpm
root      84346      1  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php5.6/etc/php-fpm.conf)
www       84347  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84348  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84349  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84350  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84351  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84352  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84353  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84354  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84355  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
www       84356  84346  0 18:16 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      84358   2048  0 18:16 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm　　

配置nginx支持php

# vim  /usr/local/nginx1.10/conf/nginx.conf

user  www;
worker_processes  4;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
    #                  ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
    #                  ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    #gzip  on;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        charset utf-8;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
        }

        location ~ \.php$ {
        root html;
                          fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
                          fastcgi_index index.php;
                  fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
                }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
        location /status {
        stub_status on;
        }
    }

检测nginx是否有语法错误

 # nginx -t
       nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.10/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
       nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx1.10/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

重启nginx

# killall -s HUP nginx

测试LNMP

进入nginx默认的网页根目录，创建.php的测试页

# vim /usr/local/nginx1.10/html/test1.php
<?php
phpinfo()
?>
# vim /usr/local/nginx1.10/html/test2.php
<?php
$link=mysql_connect(‘localhost‘,‘root‘,‘123456‘);
if($link) echo "this is test page !!! It‘s ok";
mysql_close();
?>

　　访问结果

　总结， 不难，要心细。那么现在lnmp环境现在结束了！！！